China news agency, Johannesburg, July 3 (Reporter Damon) As of July 3, local time, South Africa’s power rationing level has dropped to a lower level III, and the duration of power rationing has reached the shortest in the past two years. According to South Africa’s Minister of Electricity Ramohopa, South Africa’s power generation capacity has improved significantly at present, and South Africans are expected to be protected from the impact of continuous power cuts this winter.

　　Since 2023, the problem of power rationing in South Africa has become more and more serious, and frequent power rationing measures have seriously affected the production and life of local people. At the beginning of the year, it once entered a state of national disaster due to large-scale power rationing. Especially with the coming of winter, the outside world has unanimously looked down on the power supply prospect of South Africa this winter.

　　However, with the coming to power of La Mohopa and the continuous reform of the power system, the power supply situation in South Africa has been continuously improved. According to Ramohopa, the expert team of the South African National Power Company is working around the clock to ensure that the power generation capacity of the power company can meet the people’s higher demand for electricity in winter. At present, it can basically guarantee that there will be no power cuts for two-thirds of the day, and the supply and demand are gradually shrinking, which will gradually get rid of the power cuts in South Africa.

　　According to Ramohopa, through strengthening internal supervision and the presence of the South African Defence Force, the current cases of sabotage and corruption against the South African power system have also been greatly reduced, which undoubtedly boosted the confidence of the outside world in the South African National Power Company.

　　However, Ramohopa admits that there are still many generator sets in trouble, and the power supply system is still fragile and faces greater risks. Therefore, the South African people still need to be prepared to deal with the possibility of nationwide power cuts.

　　Cctv newsAccording to "Zhengzhou Released" WeChat WeChat official account News, in late July, Zhengzhou was hit by a torrential rain that was rare in history. Party organizations at all levels in the city and party member cadres led the masses to fight in the front line of flood control and disaster relief, and a large number of advanced models emerged. Eight comrades, including Ren Jijun, died in the line of duty. In order to inspire fighting spirit, carry forward healthy trends, encourage Party organizations at all levels in the city and the vast number of cadres in party member to benchmark the advanced standards, unite as one, overcome the difficulties together, resolutely win the two tough battles of epidemic prevention and control and post-disaster reconstruction, and make unremitting efforts to speed up the modernization of national central cities, the Municipal Party Committee decided to posthumously award Ren Jijun and other eight comrades the title of "Zhengzhou Excellent Communist party member".

　　Ren Jijun, male, Han nationality, born in December 1974, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, joined the work in December 1993 and joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in April 1998. Before his death, he served as a member of the Party Working Committee of Jicheng Road Street in Zhengdong New District and deputy director of the office, a member of the Party Working Committee of Boxue Road and deputy director of the office, and a deputy secretary and director of the office of Jinguanglu Party Working Committee. After 28 years of work, Comrade Ren Jijun has been fighting at the grassroots level. He is brave in taking responsibility, pragmatic and hard-working, and has made outstanding achievements. Since the flood control and emergency rescue, as the main person in charge of the office, he has always insisted on putting people first and life first, always fighting in the forefront of flood control and emergency rescue, and tried his best to protect people’s lives and property. At about 23: 50 on July 20, he was killed when he went to the resettlement area to check the flood control situation.

　　Zhai Xiang, male, Han nationality, was born in Shangshui, Henan Province in January 1984. He joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in April 2015 and joined the work in October 2007. Before his death, he served as a member of the Law Enforcement Squadron of Longzihu Sub-district Office in Zhengdong New District, a member of the government office of Xingda Road Sub-district Office, deputy director of the Information Statistics Center, deputy director of the Urban Construction Institute of Jinguanglu Office, director of the Land Planning Institute and director of the Party and Government Office. After working for 14 years, Zhai worked hard and dedicated to his comrades, 2014— In 2020, the annual assessment was excellent for seven consecutive years. At about 23: 50 on July 20, I went to the resettlement area with Comrade Ren Jijun to check the flood control situation, and I was killed by a road collapse and falling into the water.

　　Ma Xinxi, male, Han nationality, born in March 1970, Gongyi, Henan, joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in June 2017, and served as the leader of Group 13 of Mibei Village, Mihe Town, gongyi city. Ma Xinxi was enthusiastic about the masses, conscientious and responsible for his work, and actively participated in village affairs, which was widely praised by the masses. Since the flood control and emergency rescue, as a village cadre, he has responded to the call of the party organization and checked the dangers overnight to protect the lives and property of more than 4,600 people in the village. At about 13: 00 on July 20, the comrade was involved in the flood and sacrificed in the process of saving the trapped people in Mibei Village.

　　Rong Xianzhou, male, Han nationality, born in October 1969, Gongyi, Henan, joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in July 2002, and was a former member of the Party branch of Guandian Village, Dayugou Town, gongyi city. Since 2002, I have worked in the village. With my love for my hometown and affection for the masses, I have actively participated in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, and contributed to the development of the village. In the face of the torrential rain disaster, Comrade Rong Xianzhou took an active part in flood control and emergency rescue regardless of his personal safety. On July 20, 2021, he was killed by a landslide while investigating the danger.

　　Wang Junjie, male, Han nationality, was born in May 1974 in Xinmi, Henan Province. He joined the work in August 1994 and joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in December 1996. Before his death, he served as deputy inspector of xinmi city Commission for Discipline Inspection, director of comprehensive room, director of comprehensive room and director of case inspection room 1, secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission of Chengguan Town, xinmi city, chairman of Chengguan Town People’s Congress, member of the leading group and deputy director of xinmi city Development and Reform Commission. Since joining the work for 27 years, Comrade Wang Junjie has been down-to-earth, upright and innovative, and his work in charge has been rated as advanced year after year. At about 20: 30 on July 20, he was washed away and sacrificed by the flood on his way back from flood control.

　　Wang Hongqiang, male, Han nationality, was born in November 1964 in Xinmi, Henan Province. He joined the work in December 1989 and joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in July 1986. Before his death, he worked in xinmi city Chengguan Town Government Land Institute, Family Planning Office, Mine Management Office and Safety Emergency Management Office. Comrade Wang Hongqiang has been working at the grass-roots level for a long time, and he loves his post and works hard, which has won the respect and recognition of his comrades. At about 23 o’clock on July 20th, Chengguan Town Emergency Relief Headquarters decided to transfer all the residents trapped in Jinhewan community and its surrounding areas. Comrade Wang Hongqiang actively participated in it, and transferred more than 400 people overnight. At about 18: 40 on July 21st, he died because of overwork and sudden myocardial infarction.

　　Fan Yanping, male, Han nationality, born in December 1969 in Xinmi, Henan Province, joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in July 2005, and was born as secretary and dean of the Party branch of Yuanzhuang Township Health Center in xinmi city. He is skilled in medical skills and dedicated to his post. In recent years, he has actively promoted grassroots health and poverty alleviation work and traveled to 1814 poor households in the township. In the prevention and control of epidemic situation in COVID-19, he led the cadres and workers of the whole hospital to rush to the front line, guard the checkpoint, provide excellent service, and build an epidemic prevention barrier in the jurisdiction. On July 20, 2021, he was suddenly sacrificed by mountain torrents while leading the staff of the hospital to the village health centers in the jurisdiction to check the flood control safety.

　　Peng Feng, male, Han nationality, was born in September 1983, joined the work in June 2007, and joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in January 2006. He was born as the inspector general of Mouyuan Water Development Co., Ltd. in Zhengzhou, zhongmou county. In the past 14 years, Comrade Peng Feng has been brave in taking responsibility and pragmatic, and has successively won the honors of party member, the company’s model communist, the advanced individual of the year and the advanced individual in epidemic prevention and control. At about 16: 00 on July 22, 2021, during the flood control and disaster relief, he was exhausted when he jumped into the landslide and closed the water supply valve.

　　Eight comrades, including Ren Jijun, kept in mind their initial intentions, fulfilled their mission, worked hard and fulfilled their duties in ordinary posts, charged ahead in times of crisis, and wrote an epic hymn of life with their blood and life. They are advanced models emerged by party member cadres in flood control and disaster relief in our city. They are outstanding representatives of grassroots party member cadres who stood up when the people needed them most and were not afraid of sacrifice. They used their exemplary behavior and limited life to interpret the loyalty and responsibility of Communist party member.

　　The municipal party committee called on party member cadres to learn from Ren Jijun and other eight comrades. Learn from them that they are firm in faith, loyal to the party, listen to the party’s command, follow orders, forge ahead, and fight bravely for the cause of the party and the people; Learn from their dedication and courage to take responsibility, take every task assigned by the organization seriously, and show the responsibility of party member cadres with practical actions; Learn from them that they care about the masses and serve the people wholeheartedly, always put the masses in the highest position in their hearts, put the interests of the people first, and faithfully practice the party’s purpose; Learn from their heroic spirit of being fearless in times of crisis, charging ahead, striving selflessly, putting the safety of people’s lives and property first, and "sacrificing everything for the party and the people at any time".

　　Party organizations at all levels should take learning the advanced deeds of eight comrades, including Ren Jijun, as an important part of promoting the study and education of party history at present, organize extensive study and publicity in various forms, guide the broad masses of party member cadres to follow the example of advanced models, unite more closely around the CPC Central Committee with the supreme leader as the core, work hard, stand on a new stage of development, implement new development concepts and integrate into the new development pattern, and make new and greater contributions to accelerating the modernization of national central cities.

Investors are the foundation of the development of the capital market. Respecting, fearing and protecting investors is the concrete embodiment of the people-centered development thought in the capital market, and it is also the fundamental supervision mission of the securities and futures supervision department. Protecting the legitimate rights and interests of investors is the basic work related to the high-quality development of the capital market. As the dispatched office of China Securities Regulatory Commission, Beijing Securities Regulatory Bureau has always attached great importance to protecting the legitimate rights and interests of investors, especially taking seriously the handling of investors’ letters and reports, firmly establishing the overall awareness of "there is no small matter in the capital" and earnestly implementing the work requirements of "handling complaints immediately". Education supervision cadres have always stood firm on the people’s position in capital market supervision, fully implemented the party’s initial intention and mission, earnestly implemented the requirements of "serving the people and solving problems", and strived to practice the people-centered concept in the supervision work in their jurisdictions.

At present, with the continuous development of the capital market, the number of various market entities has increased rapidly., itsBusiness type and product formatIt is also rapidly innovating and expanding, securities and futures regulatory department“Heavy tasks and few people."The contradiction is very prominent.Beijing Securities Regulatory Bureau strives to overcome its own difficulties and always takes it seriously and actively handles it.complain by letters or visitsandReporting mattersIt has won the understanding and support of investors, especially letters and visitors. existhandlePetition and reportingWork practicemiddle,We also found that,Some letters and visitors failed to provide effective clues and factual evidence because they did not understand the relevant legal provisions and handling procedures for letters and visits and reports.Or reflect the misstatement matters that should be under the jurisdiction of other functional departments but not within the scope of the Beijing Securities Regulatory Bureau,orReports, letters and visits and complaints are mixed and unclear.Resulting in invalid reports or improper letters and visits; There are also individual letters and visitors who repeatedly mention the same matter or even simply take a lot to vent their emotions.“Copy and paste type"There is a tendency to abuse the right to petition or report to a certain extent when filing a complaint or report.etc. The above situation has crowded out or even wasted the limited resources of the securities and futures supervision department, making it difficult for the supervision department to invest more human resources.andWork harderInvestigate and deal withTo crack down on the illegal activities of market players in the jurisdiction and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of investors, to a large extent.Also seriousAffectedrightProtection of the legitimate rights and interests of normal letters and visitorsstrength.Therefore,Handling letters and visits and reporting matters,In addition to the securities and futures regulatory authorities mustStrictly perform their duties and responsibilities and deal with them in a timely manner according to their own functions and laws and regulations.except,meanwhilealsourgentNeed a letterhumanVisitors shall exercise their right to petition and report rationally according to law.comebelievehumanThe facts stated by the visitoron the basis ofAnd providedevidenceMaterials should be objective and true., accurate and complete. Whoever intentionally fabricates facts, falsely accuses and frames others, and uses the report for extortion shall bear legal responsibility according to law; Anyone suspected of constituting a crime shall be transferred to judicial organs for criminal responsibility according to law.In order to effectively safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of normal letters and visitors,For malicious reports, repeated reports or random reports without specific evidence,Our bureau will consider the situation.adoptnecessaryRestrictive measures.

forBetter adapt to the new situation and new tasks, and furtherMaintain the work of letters and visits and reportingnormalOrder, fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of letters and visitors,Our bureau revised and improved it in timeThis notice. For better protectionyouThe legitimate rights and interests of, please before the letter, visit.mustRead this instruction carefully and follow the relevant regulations.standardRequirements,abide by the lawCorrect and reasonable use of the right to petition and report.

Beijing Securities Regulatory Bureau has the final right to interpret this notice, and investors are welcome.And all sectors of society.Supervision,Our bureau will continue to improve its work. wholeheartedThank investors for their concern, understanding and support for the supervision work of Beijing Securities Regulatory Bureau.!

(1) Instructions for reporting

Citizens, legal persons or other organizations mayabide by the lawReport matters to our bureau.

One,Scope of reporting matters

according toInterim Provisions on Reporting Illegal Acts of Securities and Futures (2020Annual revision) Article 6Article 7And the "Regulations on the Supervision Duties of the Agency of China Securities Regulatory Commission"The relevant provisions,belowitemNot to register:

(one) failing to provide information such as the name, identity and address of the reported person;

(2)The report object does not belong to the daily supervision object of the jurisdiction;

(three)Reporting matters do not belong to the scope of administrative duties of our bureau;

(four)The reported matters are not explicitly prohibited by securities and futures laws, regulations and normative documents, and illegal acts with relevant responsibilities are stipulated;

(five)Failing to provide specific facts, detailed clues and objective evidence for verification;

(six)The reported matter has been dealt with according to law or is being handled, and the informant repeatedly reports the same fact or reason without new evidence or new clues;

(seven)The illegal act reflected in the report has exceeded the limitation of administrative punishment;

(eight)The request for reporting has been or should be resolved through legal channels such as litigation, arbitration, administrative reconsideration and letters and visits according to law.;

(9)Other circumstances stipulated by laws and regulations..

Only in line withregisterConditions, I can carry out verification and other work, and take relevant measures.

In addition, the whistleblower needs to be clear that even if it can be verified that the relevant reported matters are indeed illegal, the handling measures taken by our bureau according to law are limited to such things as warning, business restriction and fines.Make administrative punishment or take regulatory measures.Handling, will not involve any related to the whistleblower.Civil economyInterest and content. If the whistleblower urgently needs to claim his legal rights, such as having moneyCompensation compensationPlease handle the demands in the following ways, so as not to delay the timing and effect of handling the problem.

According to the functions and responsibilities of our bureau, our bureau cannot solve the contract disputes, service disputes or other economic disputes between informants and various market operators, that is, the disputes do not belong to the scope of reporting, and the relevant issues can be reported to the investor service hotline of China Securities Regulatory Commission.“12386”Complaints reflect. At the same time, you can also apply for mediation to institutions such as the CSI Capital Market Legal Service Center. In addition, you can apply to an arbitration institution for arbitration.orMediation and litigation through the court can also be reflected to the public security organs to seek a solution to the problem.

two, reporting matters.

Informants can report by mailing the report materials or visiting and submitting the report materials. Our bureau only accepts real-name reports, real-name reports.Informants should be providedrealName, copy of valid ID card, contact information and address. If the informant is a unit,needProvide company name, unified social credit code, mailing address, power of attorney, copy of agent’s ID card, contact information, etc.

Entrusted by others to report on their behalf, in addition to the above-mentioned informer information, a copy of the agent’s ID card, power of attorney and other documents shall be provided.

Informants who report matters in the form of visits shall bring their identity certificates and written materials to the reception places designated by our bureau.

fiveIf more than one whistleblower puts forward the same report in the form of a visit, representatives shall be elected, and the number of representatives shall not exceed.fivePeople.

Third,Handling of reporting matters

I will screen and classify the reporting materials, register the reporting items that meet the corresponding conditions, and whether or not to register them.in timeInform the informant,Specific methods include written or oral notification with the consent of the informant.

After registration, our bureau will take the opportunity to carry out verification and investigation. During the verification and investigation, the staff may contact the informant to learn about the relevant situation and ask for supplementary evidence.

After verification and investigation, the relevant handling opinions will be informed to the informant as appropriate, including written or oral consent of the informant.notifyAnd so on.In the meantime, pleaseinformerin timePay attention to our bureau official website., in accordance with the provisions of the premise, relatedRegulatory measures and administrative punishment informationWill be publicized in relevant columns..

(2) Instructions for letters and visits

Citizens, legal persons or other organizations mayabide by the lawPut forward to our bureaucomplain by letters or visitsMatters.

One,Scope of letters and visits

Citizens, legal persons or other organizations in accordance with the "letters and visits"work"Regulations" reflect the situation of our bureau and its staff’s job behavior, put forward suggestions and opinions, or refuse to accept our bureau and our staff’s job behavior, you can put forward letters and visits to our bureau.

two、Presentation of letters and visits

PetitionercanwithPut forward complaint reporting matters by mailing complaint reporting materials or visiting and submitting complaint reporting materials., shall provide the petitioner’srealName, copy of valid ID card, contact information and address. If the petitioner is a unit,needProvide company name, unified social credit code, mailing address, power of attorney, copy of agent’s ID card, contact information, etc.

Entrusted by others to submit letters and visits, in addition to the above-mentioned information of the complainant, a copy of the agent’s ID card, a power of attorney and other documents shall be provided.

If the complainant puts forward the complaint by visiting, he shall bring his identity certificate and written materials to the reception place designated by our bureau.

fiveIf more than one petitioner proposes the same petition in the form of a visit, it shall elect representatives, and the number of representatives shall not exceed.fivePeople.

Third,Acceptance and reply of letters and visits

The complaint reporting office of our bureau shall, after receiving the complaint reporting matters.15Inform the complainant in writing whether to accept it within days, but the complainant’s name (name) and contact information are unclear or false, or the complainant is clear.expressUnless a written reply is not required.

Letters and visits accepted by our bureau, from the date of acceptance.60Within days, and give a written reply to the petitioner, but the petitioner’s name and contact information are unclear, false or clear.expressUnless a written reply is not required. Complicated situation, after examination and approvalExtend the processing period, but the extension period shall not exceedthirtyDay, and inform the petitioner of the reasons for the extension. Where laws and administrative regulations provide otherwise, such provisions shall prevail.

In the process of accepting and handling letters and visits in our bureau, if letters and visitors need to supplement materials or letters and visitors take the initiative to supplement materials, the acceptance and handling period shall be recalculated from the date when the petition work agency of our bureau receives the supplementary materials.

(three)Matters needing attention in letters and visits

Citizens, legal persons or other organizations mayabide by the lawPut forward to our bureauReport or petitionitem, but also need to pay attention to the following matters, so as to be legal, civilized and rational..

One,Letters and visitors’ petitions and reports shall be objective and true, and they shall be responsible for the authenticity of the materials they provide. They shall not fabricate or distort the facts, and shall not falsely accuse or frame others. Those who deliberately fabricate facts, falsely accuse and frame others, and use letters and visits to report extortion shall bear legal responsibility according to law; Anyone suspected of constituting a crime shall be transferred to judicial organs for criminal responsibility according to law.

Second,Letters and visitors shall abide by laws and regulations in the process of letters and visits, and shall not harm the interests of the state, society and collectives or the legitimate rights and interests of other citizens, and consciously safeguard social public order and the order of letters and visits. Letters and visitors are in violation of the "letters and visits"workArticle 1 of the RegulationstwentyArticle, paragraphtwenty-sixArticle, etc., in any of the following circumstances, the visitors of our bureau have the right to stop receiving, and discourage, criticize or educate the letters and visitors; If dissuasion, criticism and education are ineffective,pleasepolicecooperateDisposal.

(1) Refusing to submit letters and visits to the designated reception place, refusing to select representatives to submit letters and visits as required, or entering the office without authorization;

(2) illegally gathering around the office or in public places, enclosing or attacking the office, intercepting official vehicles, or blocking or blocking traffic;

(3) Carrying dangerous goods and control devices;

(four) insulting, beating, threatening staff, illegally restricting the personal freedom of others., orDamage to property;

(5) Incomplain by letters or visitsStay in the reception place, make trouble, or leave people who can’t take care of themselves behind.complain by letters or visitsReception place;

(6) Inciting, colluding, coercing, inducing with property, manipulating others’ letters and visits behind the scenes, or taking the opportunity to collect money in the name of letters and visits;

(seven) take suicide, threatened suicide or self-harm and other excessive behavior;

(8)otherActs of disturbing public order and endangering state and public safety.

(4) Contact information of letters and visits

complain by letters or visitsMailing address of reporting materials:Finance Street, Xicheng District, Beijing26No. Jinyang Building Beijing Securities Regulatory Bureau (Please pay attention to distinguish matters, situations and demands, and choose by yourself.give clear indication“Letters and visits materials"or“Reporting materials")

complain by letters or visitsreportsiteReception address:Finance Street, Xicheng District, Beijing26Hao Jinyang buildingoneLayer petition reception room (visiting time:workdaynine:00-11:00、13:30-1six:three0)

complain by letters or visitsreportworkTelephone:010-88088086(Answer time:workday8:30-11:30、13:30-17:00)

　　Recently, the south of our country has been hit by heavy rainfall, and many rivers have been flooded by over-alarm and over-insurance, and many places have experienced flash floods and geological disasters. According to the forecast of the meteorological department, from May 29th to 30th, there will be heavy rains in the south, northeast and Xinjiang, heavy rains in some areas, and strong convective weather such as thunderstorms or hail in the local area.

　　The relevant person in charge of the National Defense General and Emergency Management Department hosted a video conference on flood control today (29th) to redeploy the flood control work in key areas. It is required to do a good job in flood control, flood preparedness and emergency response. Responsible persons at all levels should take command from the front and organize disaster prevention and rescue and disaster relief from the front line. It is necessary to further strengthen the consultation, judgment and early warning release, organize inter-departmental joint rolling consultation, accurately judge the flood control situation, strengthen the connection between high-level early warning and emergency response, timely release the early warning of geological disasters such as rainstorm, flood and mountain torrents, and implement the early warning "calling" mechanism. It is necessary to further strengthen the prevention and response measures, highlight the prevention of geological disasters such as mountain torrents, the safety of flood control projects, the flood control safety of cities and key areas, and the response to severe convective weather, and implement various defense measures such as personnel transfer and avoidance, 24-hour flood control inspections, and investigation of hidden dangers in cities, preset rescue teams, find signs of danger in time, and quickly organize rescue and disposal to ensure the early and small danger and ensure the safety of people’s lives. It is necessary to do a solid job in resettlement and assistance for the affected people, grasp the disaster situation at the first time and report it in time, increase the investment in disaster relief funds and materials, make overall plans for the prevention and control of the epidemic situation in COVID-19 in the disaster area and post-disaster epidemic prevention, properly arrange the basic livelihood of the affected people, and pass on the care and warmth of the party to the affected people.

　　Today, the National Defense General continued to maintain the flood control level IV emergency response, and the working group and expert group continued to assist and guide the local authorities in the prevention and response of heavy rainfall in Fujian and Jiangxi provinces.

　　(CCTV reporter Guorong Tang)

　　Core reading

　　Not long ago, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made important instructions on flood control and disaster relief, requiring relevant departments to accurately guide key areas to do disaster prevention work such as floods in small and medium-sized rivers, dangers in small and medium-sized reservoirs and urban waterlogging, and spare no effort to rescue and provide disaster relief. All localities and departments pay close attention to the floods of small and medium-sized rivers and the safety of small and medium-sized reservoirs, and implement preventive measures to ensure the safety of people’s lives and property.

　　At present, China has officially entered the critical period of "seven downs and eight highs" flood control, and many places have entered the main flood season. Since the flood season, China has experienced 18 times of heavy rainfall, and 271 rivers in 21 provinces have experienced floods exceeding the police. The rainy areas are mainly concentrated in the central northeast, the eastern northwest, the southwestern part of North China, the western part of Huanghuai, the eastern part of Jianghuai and the northwestern part of Hubei.

　　It is predicted that during the period of "Seven Downs and Eight Ups", there will be more extreme weather and climate events, and regional floods, droughts, high temperature and heat waves will be more important. How to prevent disasters such as floods in small and medium-sized rivers, dangers in small and medium-sized reservoirs and urban waterlogging? How to make up the short board? The reporter conducted an interview.

　　Grab early and grab small to deal with floods in small and medium-sized rivers.

　　In 4 hours, the rainwater converged from the Simian mountain slope, and the water level of the Qijiang River rose sharply. At the beginning of July, the "No.1 flood of the Qijiang River in 2023" was formed. "The floods in small and medium-sized rivers form quickly and the test is not small." Du Na, director of the Hydrology and Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention Center in Qijiang District of Chongqing, said.

　　Forecasts and warnings run ahead, winning the initiative for flood control. "After receiving the weather forecast and the warning of rising water risk in advance, we will transmit the early warning information to 70 villages in the first time. The person in charge of monitoring and early warning and the person in charge of transfer and resettlement will arrive at their posts in time to investigate potential risks and prepare emergency materials in advance. " Duna introduced.

　　Chongqing has rugged mountains and developed water systems, and small and medium-sized rivers are the focus of flood control. This year, Chongqing has defined the "four responsible persons" of the people’s government for flood control and flood fighting in 104 mountainous rivers, such as the chief executive, the competent department, the township and village river chiefs, and the patrol and management, and made every effort to ensure flood control safety.

　　Small and medium-sized rivers have many points and a wide range. How to prevent floods? "There are about 10,000 small and medium-sized rivers in China. These rivers have small areas, fast confluence and sudden floods. At the same time, the flood control standard is low, the forecasting and early warning system is lacking, and many factors are superimposed, making small and medium-sized rivers a high-risk area for floods. " Zuo Qiting, a professor at Zhengzhou University School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, introduced.

　　Take multiple measures to ensure flood control safety. Yao Wenguang, director of the Department of Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention of the Ministry of Water Resources, said that before the flood season, the water conservancy department carried out all-round inspections on river flood discharge, dike safety, and plan preparation, highlighting the river-related risks such as blocking backwater of bridges and culverts across ditches and silting of ditches, and urging all localities to improve plans and eliminate hidden dangers. During the flood season, we should adhere to the rolling forecast and early warning, improve the "call-to-answer" mechanism, and urge water conservancy departments at all levels to strengthen inspection and duty, and preset rescue forces, materials and equipment to ensure that dangerous situations can be found, reported and disposed of in time.

　　All localities heard of the "flood" and moved to implement various measures in detail. Hubei province has improved the early warning "call-and-answer" mechanism that integrates pre-response and goes directly to the front line to ensure that information reaches people. Jiangsu Province has completed the compilation of early warning response mechanism schemes for nine important flood channels, such as Sanhe Sluice and Huaihe River Inlet Channel, to ensure the flood safety of small and medium rivers.

　　"In the long run, it is necessary to coordinate emergency response and long-term planning." Zuo Qiting introduced that it is suggested to further strengthen the system management of small and medium-sized rivers, coordinate the upstream and downstream, left and right banks, main tributaries, scientifically formulate plans, carry out system management, promote dike reinforcement, dredging, water system connectivity, hardening and beautification, etc., and improve the overall flood control capacity. Next, the Ministry of Water Resources and related areas will speed up the pace of governance, giving priority to the implementation of river sections with cities at or above the county level, important towns and relatively concentrated populations along the river.

　　Compacting responsibility to ensure the safety of small and medium-sized reservoirs in flood season

　　At present, more than 98,000 reservoirs of various types have been built in China, which is of great responsibility to ensure the safety of reservoirs during flood season.

　　There are 4 medium-sized reservoirs and 26 small reservoirs in Wu ‘an City, Hebei Province, at the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain. The mountain is high and steep, and the source is short and the current is urgent. Once it encounters a rainstorm, the water level of the reservoir rises and falls sharply. "When the inspection is in place, I have a bottom in my heart." Huo Hongjun, a staff member of Shangkou Reservoir, said, "The reservoir operates at a water level below the flood limit. We have comprehensively overhauled the power generation tunnel, flood discharge tunnel, generator set and early warning equipment, and inspected key parts twice a day to ensure foolproof."

　　The "three responsible persons" of administration, technology and inspection must all be in place, and the key parts of the reservoir such as spillway and drainage facilities and the preparation of protective measures should be comprehensively investigated. In principle, all dangerous reservoirs will run empty during the main flood season … … A series of measures protect the reservoir from flood. "The key to reservoir flood control is prevention. When the responsibility goes to people, measures can be put in place. " Yao Wenguang said that when the reservoir stores and discharges flood, all personnel in the flood threat area should be transferred immediately. When the reservoir is in danger, it should be handled in time, and the personnel within the affected area should be transferred in advance to ensure the safety of people’s lives.

　　All localities should actively explore according to local conditions. Hubei Province requires that the responsible persons of dangerous reservoirs and reservoirs with high water level should be on duty at the dam during heavy rainfall. At present, the monitoring platform of Jingchu Reservoir has conducted telephone spot checks on more than 7,000 people and sent more than 18,000 early warning messages. Guizhou province pays special attention to the 24-hour patrol duty of dangerous reservoirs and reservoirs under construction, and requires that the reservoirs under construction should not be impounded without water storage acceptance.

　　Small reservoirs need extra vigilance during flood season. Zuo Qiting introduced that there are about 94,000 small reservoirs in China, accounting for over 95% of the total number of reservoirs. Small reservoirs have some problems, such as early construction time, low standard, unclear ownership and imperfect management. On the one hand, improve engineering measures, promote the reinforcement of small reservoirs and improve infrastructure. On the other hand, strengthen the construction of non-engineering system, strengthen forecasting, early warning, rehearsal and pre-planning measures, and ensure that someone is in charge, can rescue and can transfer in case of danger.

　　This year, the Ministry of Water Resources has implemented 128 large and medium-sized and 3,500 small dangerous reservoirs in an orderly manner, and basically completed the construction of rainwater forecasting facilities and dam safety monitoring facilities for small reservoirs before the flood season.

　　Precise policy to prevent urban waterlogging

　　In the middle of the night of July 6, Guangshui City, Hubei Province suffered from heavy rainfall and accumulated water in many parts of the city. Assemble teams, check hidden dangers and control traffic … … Up to now, Hubei has dispatched 18,000 emergency response forces and more than 2,800 equipment and vehicles, effectively ensuring the safety of urban operation during heavy rainfall.

　　In recent years, various regions and departments have intensified their efforts and made positive progress in urban waterlogging control, but there are also problems such as insufficient natural storage space and lagging drainage facilities. "Especially with the acceleration of urbanization, infrastructure such as high-rise buildings, roads and squares has changed the underlying surface to a great extent, and the formation time of urban waterlogging is fast, the flood peak flow is large, and the prevention is more difficult." Zuo Qiting said.

　　It is the key to prevent urban waterlogging and identify the risk points. The Ministry of Water Resources requires that urban flood control should be placed in the river basin flood control system, and the "four preparations" for forecasting, early warning, rehearsal and plan should be done well, and the measures of "refusing, bypassing and discharging" should be implemented. Hubei focused on urban main roads and drainage canals in waterlogging-prone sections, overhauled and maintained the facilities of drainage pumping stations in 463 cities, and timely rectified 278 waterlogging-prone points; Jiangsu has completed the renovation of 255 urban flood-prone areas (points).

　　Urban waterlogging should not only be prevented, but also treated. Zuo Qiting introduced, discharging, stagnation, infiltration and storage, and making full efforts. Arrange the drainage pumping station and other equipment, unblock the backbone drainage channel, let the accumulated water be discharged and the flood flow away; Increase urban green space and build a sponge city to allow rainwater to seep down; Keep the urban wetlands well, improve the rainwater storage facilities, and let the rainwater have a place to store.

　　"Urban construction should find a way for floods." Zuo Qiting introduced that rivers, lakes and reservoirs are natural flood storage places, and rivers are natural flood passages. The concept of green development runs through the whole process of urban planning and construction, and production, living and ecological space are rationally arranged, taking a connotative, intensive and green high-quality development path.

　　Coordinator of this issue: Guo Yue

It is the basic principle of Marxism that the world moves and changes forever. In the world, the only constant is change, and only change can lead to a way out. Change is an important means for mankind to promote economic and social development. Looking back on the course since the reform and opening up, every major change has injected new vitality into the development of the party and the country and added a strong impetus to the cause. The cause of the party and the people is to move forward in deepening reforms.

The Central Economic Work Conference proposed that in 2018, we should "vigorously promote reform and opening up, innovate and improve macro-control, and promote quality change, efficiency change and power change". 2018 is the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up. In this special year of reform and opening up, the central government put forward "three major changes" in quality, efficiency and motivation, which are important contents of comprehensively deepening reform in the economic field and provide an important starting point for economic work in the key period of transforming development mode, optimizing economic structure and transforming growth momentum.

Quality change focuses on the change of development quality in all fields and links of the national economy. China’s economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage. The change of development quality is not only the change of product and service quality, but also the all-round quality improvement from concept, goal and system to work details in specific fields. Especially in the manufacturing industry, we should pay attention to improving the quality of the whole manufacturing industry, developing advanced manufacturing, increasing effective and high-end supply, optimizing the quality of the supply system, promoting the transformation from China manufacturing to China creation, from China speed to China quality, and from a manufacturing power to a manufacturing power.

Efficiency change focuses on the change of development efficiency in response to market competition. Improving total factor productivity is the key to efficiency change. Efforts must be made to remove all kinds of institutional and institutional obstacles that restrict the improvement of efficiency, so that the market can play a decisive role in resource allocation and better play the role of the government, stimulate the vitality of enterprises, improve the relationship between supply and demand, and improve development efficiency. Focus on "breaking", "establishing" and "lowering", vigorously break the ineffective supply, promote the resolution of excess capacity, vigorously reduce the cost of the real economy, reduce institutional transaction costs, continue to clean up the fees charged by enterprises, and increase the investigation and rectification of arbitrary charges. Especially in electric power, petroleum, natural gas, railway and other industries, it is necessary to deepen the reform of market-oriented allocation of factors and reduce energy consumption and logistics costs.

Dynamic change focuses on the change of the development momentum of building a modern economic system. In the process of building a modern economic system, faced with the transformation of old and new kinetic energy of development, how to stimulate the vitality of various market players is an important issue. We should strengthen scientific and technological innovation, promote innovation incentives, form an environment conducive to innovation, vigorously cultivate new kinetic energy, promote the optimization and upgrading of traditional industries, cultivate a number of vanguard enterprises with innovative capabilities, and actively promote the in-depth development of integration of defense and civilian technologies. We should implement the policy of protecting property rights and identify and correct property rights disputes that have been strongly reflected by the society according to law. Fully implement and constantly improve the negative list system of market access, and get rid of discriminatory restrictions and various hidden obstacles.

Change is not unprincipled change, nor is it irregular change. Change and invariance are dialectical unity. Quality change, efficiency change and power change must comply with the correct principle requirements, that is, we must fully implement the spirit of the 19th Party Congress, take the economic thought of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, the supreme leader in the new era as the guide, strengthen the Party’s leadership over economic work, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, adhere to the new development concept, and closely follow the major contradictions and changes in our society. In this way, the "three major changes" in quality, efficiency and motivation can be changed more forcefully and orderly, and China’s economy can continuously make new progress in achieving high-quality development.

It is the basic principle of Marxism that the world moves and changes forever. In the world, the only constant is change, and only change can lead to a way out. Change is an important means for mankind to promote economic and social development. Looking back on the course since the reform and opening up, every major change has injected new vitality into the development of the party and the country and added a strong impetus to the cause. The cause of the party and the people is to move forward in deepening reforms.

The Central Economic Work Conference proposed that in 2018, we should "vigorously promote reform and opening up, innovate and improve macro-control, and promote quality change, efficiency change and power change". 2018 is the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up. In this special year of reform and opening up, the central government put forward "three major changes" in quality, efficiency and motivation, which are important contents of comprehensively deepening reform in the economic field and provide an important starting point for economic work in the key period of transforming development mode, optimizing economic structure and transforming growth momentum.

Quality change focuses on the change of development quality in all fields and links of the national economy. China’s economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage. The change of development quality is not only the change of product and service quality, but also the all-round quality improvement from concept, goal and system to work details in specific fields. Especially in the manufacturing industry, we should pay attention to improving the quality of the whole manufacturing industry, developing advanced manufacturing, increasing effective and high-end supply, optimizing the quality of the supply system, promoting the transformation from China manufacturing to China creation, from China speed to China quality, and from a manufacturing power to a manufacturing power.

Efficiency change focuses on the change of development efficiency in response to market competition. Improving total factor productivity is the key to efficiency change. Efforts must be made to remove all kinds of institutional and institutional obstacles that restrict the improvement of efficiency, so that the market can play a decisive role in resource allocation and better play the role of the government, stimulate the vitality of enterprises, improve the relationship between supply and demand, and improve development efficiency. Focus on "breaking", "establishing" and "lowering", vigorously break the ineffective supply, promote the resolution of excess capacity, vigorously reduce the cost of the real economy, reduce institutional transaction costs, continue to clean up the fees charged by enterprises, and increase the investigation and rectification of arbitrary charges. Especially in electric power, petroleum, natural gas, railway and other industries, it is necessary to deepen the reform of market-oriented allocation of factors and reduce energy consumption and logistics costs.

Dynamic change focuses on the change of the development momentum of building a modern economic system. In the process of building a modern economic system, faced with the transformation of old and new kinetic energy of development, how to stimulate the vitality of various market players is an important issue. We should strengthen scientific and technological innovation, promote innovation incentives, form an environment conducive to innovation, vigorously cultivate new kinetic energy, promote the optimization and upgrading of traditional industries, cultivate a number of vanguard enterprises with innovative capabilities, and actively promote the in-depth development of integration of defense and civilian technologies. We should implement the policy of protecting property rights and identify and correct property rights disputes that have been strongly reflected by the society according to law. Fully implement and constantly improve the negative list system of market access, and get rid of discriminatory restrictions and various hidden obstacles.

Change is not unprincipled change, nor is it irregular change. Change and invariance are dialectical unity. Quality change, efficiency change and power change must comply with the correct principle requirements, that is, we must fully implement the spirit of the 19th Party Congress, take the economic thought of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, the supreme leader in the new era as the guide, strengthen the Party’s leadership over economic work, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, adhere to the new development concept, and closely follow the major contradictions and changes in our society. In this way, the "three major changes" in quality, efficiency and motivation can be changed more forcefully and orderly, and China’s economy can continuously make new progress in achieving high-quality development.

Since the winter of last year, affected by many factors, such as abnormal climate, the global animal avian influenza epidemic has been on the rise, affecting nearly 40 countries and regions in Asia, Europe and the Middle East. Our reporter learned from the National Health and Family Planning Commission that the number of cases of H7N9 epidemic (human avian influenza) in China has increased, and most of them are distributed in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions. Contact with infected poultry or exposure to the live poultry market is an important risk factor for human infection. There is evidence that the virus can’t spread widely among people. From February 6 to 12, 2017, 69 cases of H7N9 were reported nationwide, with 8 deaths. At present, the number of new cases is on the decline. Experts predict that there will still be sporadic case reports in mainland China in the near future. Regarding H7N9, the National Health and Family Planning Commission summarized the following knowledge points:

1. What is the H7N9 epidemic?

The H7N9 epidemic is caused by H7N9 virus. Since the first case of human infection with H7N9 was discovered in East China in 2013, seasonal epidemics have occurred in winter and spring every year.

2. What are the main clinical manifestations of 2.H7N9 cases?

The incubation period is usually less than 7 days, or as long as 10 days. Pneumonia is the main clinical manifestation. Patients often have fever, cough and expectoration, which may be accompanied by symptoms such as headache, muscle aches, diarrhea or vomiting. Severe patients’ condition develops rapidly, and severe pneumonia occurs in 3~7 days after onset. Most of them have a temperature above 39℃, and they have difficulty breathing, which may be accompanied by hemoptysis and phlegm. It often progresses rapidly to acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. A small number of patients can be mild, only showing symptoms of fever with upper respiratory tract infection. The early onset of H7N9 cases has no specific manifestations, and it is difficult to diagnose and treat early. The treatment effect of severe cases in the later stage is poor and the mortality rate is high. At present, the overall mortality rate of reported cases is about 40%.

3. How does the 3.H7N9 virus spread?

The most important risk factor for human infection with H7N9 virus is direct or indirect exposure to the environment polluted by infected live birds or infected birds. There is no evidence that H7N9 virus can be transmitted to humans through properly handled poultry or eggs. In addition, eating cooked food will not infect H7N9 virus. There is no evidence that H7N9 virus can continue to be "human-to-human".

4. Who are the high-risk people infected with H7N9 virus?

Mainly retirees, housework and unemployed people, rural people; Mostly middle-aged and elderly people; Most cases have basic diseases; The vast majority of cases had contact with live poultry before onset or had been to markets where live poultry were sold. People engaged in non-scale and non-standardized poultry breeding, selling and slaughtering have more opportunities to be exposed to infected poultry, and the risk of infection is higher.

5. Is there a vaccine to prevent the disease? Can seasonal influenza vaccine prevent H7N9?

There is currently no vaccine available to prevent H7N9 virus infection. Seasonal influenza vaccine does not prevent H7N9 influenza.

6. How can we reduce the occurrence of severe cases and deaths of H7N9?

The use of antiviral drugs, such as oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu), has the best effect as soon as possible after onset. The clinic of comprehensive patients by medical staff

Bed manifestations and suspicious exposure history, suspected of being infected with H7N9 virus, antiviral drugs should be used as soon as possible, without waiting for the results of pathogen detection, so as to reduce the possibility of patients progressing to severe disease.

7. Will the epidemic get worse?

According to the epidemic law in the past, the number of cases will decrease obviously after the Spring Festival every year, and it will be at a low level until the end of April. At present, the upward trend of the epidemic has been contained.

8. Can poultry be eaten at present?

Birds such as chickens and ducks can be bought and eaten, but they must be eaten safely. First, we should pay attention to avoid direct purchase of live birds, direct contact with live birds and self-slaughter of live birds; Second, don’t buy live birds from mobile vendors; The third is to remind the elderly, especially those with basic diseases and poor physical fitness, to avoid or reduce contact with live birds as much as possible.

9. What preventive suggestions do experts have?

Try to avoid contact with live birds, let alone dead birds, and do personal protection. You can choose to buy chilled and chilled poultry products. Pay attention to separate raw and cooked food when cooking, and cook it thoroughly. If you have symptoms such as fever, headache, stuffy nose, cough and general malaise, you should wear a mask, see a doctor as soon as possible, and take the initiative to tell the doctor whether you have been in contact with poultry. Maintain a healthy lifestyle. ▲

Ada’s high fork is cheating
　

　　Ada, a popular anchor known as "the sexiest female anchor", has become the favorite of many fashion magazines because of her graceful figure and unique personality. A few days ago, Ada shot a set of photos of western customs for a fashion magazine. Ada, riding on a saddle with a whip in his hand, changed his usual pure and lovely image, with a cold expression and rich body language, and perfectly interpreted a sexy and undercurrent visual blockbuster.

　　Ada, who is dignified, humorous or cute in front of the stage, once under the camera lens and spotlight, will have a perfect turn of surprise performance. Recently, Ada shot the latest blockbusters for Esquire and GQ Wisdom respectively, showing the sexy temptation of attractive women, which is exciting.

　　Qi Liu Hai, baby face and a pair of flashing electric eyes, this is Ada. She is not only a sweet and lovely LOLI girl, but also a sexy girl with a proud figure and bold position. She is an enchanting and charming alternative "Sun Shangxiang" coming out of the Chinese style, and she is also a master dancer who has gone through five customs and killed six generals. On the stage, she is young, fashionable and dazzling. In private, she dresses casually and likes to shop and eat roadside stalls. Sometimes whimsical and seemingly heartless crazy girl, in fact, she is strong-willed and hard-working, and is the pillar of the whole family. Ada, known as the anchor of China’s new generation of popular beauties, is such an elusive post-80s wizard.

More wonderful photos on the next page

Since its launch last month, Zhiji LS6 has gained extensive attention in the industry due to its leading edge in high-end intelligence. On October 20th, we were fortunate to test drive this peak masterpiece in Nanjing Ginkgo Lake Park. This Zhiji LS6 "smart driving" experience can be described as textbook level. With the blessing of Zhiji’s "Future Smart Cabin" series of leading intelligent technologies, Zhiji LS6 focuses on the pain points of urban commuting scenes to create "Super Smart Driving 6th Space". With unprecedented immersive scene-based intelligent test driving space and tailor-made challenges, we set up "smarter ‘6’ AI smart driving maze experience area", "high-performance ‘6’ performance driving control experience area", and in-depth experience of Zhiji LS6 "Future Smart Cabin", "Quasi-900V Super Performance Platform" and "International Fan Design".

The most intelligent test drive in history

At a time when traditional SUV performance tests are cookie-cutter, how can the test drive activities be innovative? As the "strongest 6 series in history", for the Zhiji LS6, the performance test is only the basic operation, and the intelligent peak experience is the core competitiveness of the Zhiji LS6.

In order to deeply experience the high-level intelligence of Zhiji LS6, Zhiji LS6 has created a super smart driving sixth space, pioneered the new gameplay of "AI smart driving maze", simulated the typical road conditions, traffic and people flow in big cities, and deeply experienced the future smart cabin in the commuter meta-universe. It has the ultimate performance experience and comprehensive driving control experience. It comprehensively tests the strength of the "strongest 6 series in history" and sets the industry benchmark with the "most intelligent and fun test drive in history". People have to be amazed by the all-round caring ability of this future smart cabin.

The big screen can understand

Can you imagine that a car can still drive normally when the front and rear glass, windows and rearview mirrors are all black? The Zhiji LS6 easily passes the test in the "Ultimate Blindfold Challenge" in the dynamic test drive. With the blessing of the "Global Digital Vision Blindfold" function, the Zhiji LS6 can easily pass in narrow and complex road conditions in the state of full blindness, with the powerful assistance of Zhiji’s original global digital vision blinding and traditional 360 panoramic images.

When you are driving in the city streets and encounter sudden heavy rain, don’t worry, the rainy night mode of Zhiji LS6 is ready to escort you in the scene of extremely poor visibility. Whether it is the safety blind spot or the fog blocking of the rearview mirror, you can use Zhiji’s global digital vision to make up for the blindness, as if one eye is lit in the dark, so that you can drive with confidence and boldness.

Super practical one-click AI driving

In the dynamic test drive, complex parking spaces, narrow alleys and other areas were set up on the test drive site to comprehensively test the practicality of Zhiji LS6’s one-button parking, one-button escape, one-button welt, and one-button tracking functions.

When you drive into a congested street, the only parking space is narrow, and the distance between the front and rear cars is limited, it can’t help but make people feel anxious. At this time, Zhiji LS6 is the best intimate little assistant. The functions of "one-click parking" and "one-click escape" can let you relax your hands, feet and mood, and leave all the problems to it to complete. When you accidentally get into a dead end and can’t turn around, "one-click tracking" will let you no longer worry. Zhiji LS6 has the strongest brain and can automatically remember the path of 50m distance, take you out of trouble smoothly, and return to the spacious and safe road surface to continue flying.

How about it, this is the absolute advantage of Zhiji LS6! When many new energy manufacturers are still thinking about "what a really easy-to-use smart car should look like in the state of human-machine co-driving", Zhiji LS6 has taken the lead in proofing – with "serving the driver" as the core, through intelligent technologies such as global digital vision blinding and one-click AI driving, it not only easily solves the road’s right-turn blind spot to rush out of electric vehicles, blurred rearview mirrors on rainy nights, stickers that are too difficult to worry about scratching, and narrow parking spaces that cannot be driven out. "Open the eyes of the left hand, and get the last meter of the road with the right hand", but also bring fresh and interesting AI interactive experiences such as SHUA and Zhiji generative large models. No matter the present or the future, the LS6 will be a smart car that is easy to use, easy to drive, fun, and worth closing your eyes to.

Source: Correspondent, Feng Yue

Editor: Ding Yi

Proofreading: Xiong Xiangning

Review: Cang Shujun

　　Cctv newsAccording to the website of National Health Commission, in order to further improve the nucleic acid detection in Covid-19 and gain precious time for epidemic prevention and control, on the basis of the current 5-in-1 and 10-in-1 mixed sampling detection, the medical rescue team of the joint prevention and control mechanism in the State Council actively organized professional institutions and experts to demonstrate and study and put forward technical methods to further improve the efficiency of nucleic acid detection. After the verification of real clinical samples, on the basis of ensuring the quality of nucleic acid detection, we decided to steadily implement the 20-in-1 mixed sampling detection technology, and organized and formulated the Technical Specification for 20-in-1 Mixed Sampling Detection of Nucleic Acid in Covid-19 (hereinafter referred to as the "Specification").

　　20-in-1 mixed sampling detection can greatly improve the detection efficiency and is more suitable for large-scale population nucleic acid screening. Compared with the 10-in-1 mixed mining detection technology, the adjustment is mainly made in the sampling tube. The Code is divided into 10 parts, mainly including: specifications of sample collection consumables, requirements of collection location, collection process, specimen submission, laboratory reception, specimen detection and quality control, treatment of test results, sample treatment after testing, basic requirements of technicians, biological safety protection, etc.

　　Attached to the Covid-19 nucleic acid 20-in-1 mixed sampling detection technical specification:

　　In order to guide all localities to carry out mixed sampling detection in Covid-19, and further improve the ability and efficiency of nucleic acid detection, based on the existing 10-in-1 mixed sampling detection technology, this specification is formulated for Covid-19 20-in-1 mixed sampling detection technology (which refers to the method of collecting 20 swabs collected from 20 people in one collection tube for nucleic acid detection).

　　First, the sample collection consumables specifications

　　(a) virus collection tube. The pipe cap and pipe body should be made of polypropylene, and the spiral mouth can be sealed with moderate tightness. The tube is transparent and has good visibility. The height of the collection tube (including the tube cap) is (100 5) mm, the capacity is calibrated by the enterprise to be 20-30ml, and it contains 11-12mL of preservation solution of guanidine salt or other effective virus inactivators. The preservation solution should have a color (such as pink) that is easy to observe and identify, and maintain a certain fluidity to facilitate sampling.

　　(2) Collecting swabs. It is advisable to use non-cotton and non-calcium alginate swabs such as polyester and nylon, and the handle is made of non-wood materials. The breaking point is located about 3cm from the top of the swab head, which is easy to break.

　　 Second, the collection site requirements

　　 Choose an open and well-ventilated site as a centralized collection place for large-scale crowd screening. According to the original site conditions, it is divided into waiting area, collection area, buffer area and temporary isolation area, effectively dispersing the density of people to be inspected. First aid equipment should be set aside.

　　(1) Waiting area. Set up a pedestrian passage and a one-meter line at the same time to ensure the protection and safety of waiting people. According to the weather conditions, it is equipped with facilities such as heat preservation, cooling, sun protection and rain protection. The elderly, children, pregnant women and other people with mobility difficulties are given priority.

　　(2) Collection area. According to the climatic conditions, tents, cold/warm fans and appropriate tables and chairs are provided to ensure that medical staff can work in a relatively comfortable environment. Equipped with disinfection supplies, swabs and virus collection tubes for collection, and paper towels, vomit bags and masks should be prepared for the inspected personnel for later use. If the specimen cannot be transported to the laboratory in time, a 4℃ refrigerator or low-temperature storage box should be prepared for temporary storage. Emergency plans should be made to prevent the spread and infection of pathogenic microorganisms.

　　(3) buffer zone. The space should be relatively closed, so that the collectors can change their personal protective equipment, and put protective articles, disinfection articles for collection, swabs, collection tubes and outdoor disinfection equipment that match the size of the sampling point.

　　(4) Temporary isolation zone. Used to temporarily isolate suspected patients or high-risk groups found in the collection process.

　　 Third, the collection process

　　(1) Identification and information registration.

　　 1. Registration process. Before collection, the staff assigned 20 patients as a group, and collected and registered relevant information of patients (including name, gender, ID number, contact telephone number, collection place, collection date and time) before collection, and numbered the collection tubes according to the group. Because there are relatively more than 20 people, in order to avoid confusion between different groups of people, when sampling, the next group of waiting people can be strictly separated from the group of people being collected by 2 meters, and the next group of people can enter the sampling area in an orderly manner after this group of people is collected.

　　 2. Registration requirements. It is recommended to use information means such as ID card reader and two-dimensional bar code to associate the information of the client, so as to improve the efficiency and accuracy of information reading.

　　(2) collection methods. The collected person’s head is slightly tilted, his mouth is wide open, and he makes an "ah" sound, exposing the pharyngeal tonsils on both sides. The collector will put the swab over the base of the collected person’s tongue, wipe it back and forth at least three times with a little force on both sides of the pharyngeal tonsils, and then wipe it up and down the posterior pharyngeal wall at least three times. After the operation, put the swab head into the tube, place the swab breaking point at the nozzle, break it slightly to make the swab head fall into the liquid of the collection tube, discard the broken swab rod, tighten the tube cover, and put the collection tube on a stable shelf. After each case is collected, the collector should carry out hand disinfection.

　　(3) mixed swab. Collect the remaining 19 swabs in turn according to the above collection method, and put the collected swabs into the same collection tube with gentle movements to avoid aerosol generation. After continuously collecting 20 swabs, tighten the tube cover to prevent spillage. Note that the throat swab should be immersed in the preservation solution. If there are less than 20 swabs in the collection tube, special marks should be made and recorded.

　　 Fourth, the specimen inspection

　　(1) Check the information. Check the information on the label of the collection tube and the mixed mining registration form to ensure accuracy, completeness and consistent numbering.

　　(2) Specimen placement requirements. Put the checked collection tube into a transparent plastic sealed bag (one-layer container) and seal the mouth of the bag, and spray the outside of the sealed bag with 75% ethanol. Put the sealed bag into a two-layer container (optional packaging box with proper amount of hygroscopic material or double-layer medical garbage bag), and spray 75% ethanol for disinfection after sealing. Put the container on the second floor into a special specimen transfer box marked with "biological hazard" (it is recommended to use a transfer box that meets the UN2814 standard for the transportation of Class A goods in the Technical Rules for the Safe Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air), and a cooling gel ice pack should be placed between the container on the second floor and the transfer box. The container on the second floor should be fixed in the transfer box to keep the specimen upright. After sealing the transfer box, 75% ethanol was sprayed for disinfection, and the surface of the transfer box was clean and pollution-free.

　　(3) Specimen transport requirements. The standard transfer box shall be transported by special specimen transport personnel. Specimens should be sent to the laboratory within 2-4 hours after collection. If it cannot be sent for inspection immediately, it shall be equipped with a special refrigerator or freezer for preservation, and the specimens shall be registered for receipt and preservation. Specimens can be stored at 4℃ within 24 hours after collection.

　　 V. Laboratory reception

　　(1) Specimen receipt. The delivery and receiving personnel shall double sign for the specimen. The receiver shall check whether the transfer box and the container on the second floor are damaged.

　　(2) the specimen is opened. The transfer box should be opened in the core area of the biosafety level II laboratory and the second-floor container should be taken out. Open the container on the second floor in the biosafety cabinet, spray or wipe it with 75% ethanol for disinfection, take out the sealed bag, spray or wipe it with 75% ethanol reagent for disinfection, and check whether it is sealed well.

　　(3) specimen inspection. Take out the collection tube, check whether the tube wall is damaged, the nozzle leaks, etc., and spray or wipe with 75% ethanol for disinfection after confirming that there is no damage or leakage. If there is any damage or leakage, the operation should be stopped immediately, covered with absorbent paper and disinfected with 0.55% chlorine-containing disinfectant, and destroyed after unqualified registration.

　　(4) specimen preservation. Specimens that cannot be detected in time are stored in a special refrigerator. Samples detected within 24 hours can be stored at 4℃. Specimens that cannot be detected within 24 hours should be stored at -70℃ or below. If there is no storage condition at -70℃, it will be temporarily stored at -20℃. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing of specimens. Set up a special library or counter to save specimens, and manage them with double locks.

　　(5) The transshipment container is removed. The inner and outer walls of the used second-floor container were wiped and disinfected with 75% ethanol, and then moved out of the biosafety cabinet. After the experiment, ultraviolet lamps were used for disinfection.

　　 Six, specimen detection and quality control

　　In accordance with the "Covid-19 nucleic acid detection manual of medical institutions (Trial Second Edition)" related requirements.

　　 Seven, inspection results processing

　　 Covid-19 nucleic acid qualitative test report shall include test results (detected/positive, undetected/negative), methodology, detection limit, etc.

　　(1) Judgment of results. According to the instructions of the amplification reagents used, it is judged that the detection result is undetected/negative or detected/positive.

　　(2) Review of positive results.

　　 1. If the mixed sampling test result is positive, gray area or single target is positive, notify the relevant departments to temporarily isolate the 20 subjects of the mixed sampling tube separately, and re-collect the single tube swab for review.

　　 2. If the single-tube nucleic acid test is negative, it will be returned according to the negative result. The temporary isolation personnel shall be released immediately; If the test result is positive, report it according to the procedure.

　　 Eight, sample processing after detection

　　 Specimens after detection shall be treated according to the relevant requirements of "Guidelines for the Implementation of novel coronavirus Nucleic Acid Detection Organization for All Staff (Second Edition)".

　　 Nine, technical personnel basic requirements

　　 The requirements of sampling personnel and testing personnel shall meet the requirements of novel coronavirus nucleic acid testing manual of medical institutions (Trial Second Edition).

　　 X. Biosafety Protection

　　 Specimen collection and transportation personnel and laboratory staff shall be protected in accordance with the relevant requirements of novel coronavirus Prevention and Control Plan (Eighth Edition).