Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 21stTitle:Promoting the Modernization of Natural Disaster Prevention and Control System and Ability —— Detailed explanation of the National Comprehensive Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Plan in the Tenth Five-Year Plan

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Xiacun

　　Recently, the National Disaster Reduction Committee issued the National Comprehensive Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Plan for the 14th Five-Year Plan. This is the fourth comprehensive plan for disaster prevention and reduction at the national level in China. From what aspects will China’s disaster prevention and mitigation work be exerted? What kind of goals are achieved? At the press conference held by the Office of the National Disaster Reduction Committee and the Emergency Management Department on the 21st, the responsible persons of relevant departments made an interpretation.

　　Strive to basically realize the modernization of natural disaster prevention and control system and prevention and control capacity by 2035.

　　Regarding the planning objectives, Chen Sheng, director of the Monitoring and Disaster Reduction Department of the Emergency Management Department, introduced that from the first stage to 2025, a natural disaster prevention and control system with overall planning and efficiency, clear responsibilities, combination of prevention and control, social participation and coordination with high-quality economic and social development will be basically established; In the second stage, we will strive to basically modernize the natural disaster prevention and control system and prevention and control capacity by 2035, and the prevention and response to major disasters will be more powerful, orderly and effective.

On May 12, 2022, Xiangshan District, Huaibei City, Anhui Province held a comprehensive disaster reduction emergency drill. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Wan Shanchao)

　　"Under the overall goal, the plan has defined 6 sub-goals and 12 major tasks in 2 major sectors." Chen Sheng said, on the one hand, we should strengthen the standardization construction, revise and improve the laws and regulations on disaster prevention and mitigation, establish and improve the investigation and evaluation system for major and extraordinary disasters, and improve all kinds of emergency plans and standards and norms in various fields; on the other hand, we should strengthen the mechanism construction, establish and improve the comprehensive coordination mechanism for natural disaster prevention and control, and improve the work pattern of joint management and coordination.

　　Second, focus on disaster risk reduction, highlight source control, incorporate disaster risk assessment into the requirements of national spatial planning, build a national comprehensive risk database for natural disasters, and prepare a comprehensive risk map and a prevention and control zoning map to minimize disaster risks.

　　Third, focus on efficient disaster relief, add a central disaster relief material reserve, improve the disaster emergency response mechanism and various rescue policies, and strengthen the linkage between early warning and emergency response.

　　Fourth, focus on consolidating the foundation of disaster prevention and mitigation, deploy major projects to build scientific and technological support capacity for disaster prevention and mitigation, encourage the development of disaster prevention and mitigation industries, consolidate the grass-roots organization system for disaster prevention and mitigation, and extensively carry out popular science education on disaster prevention and mitigation. Every village (community) in urban and rural areas throughout the country has at least one disaster information officer.

　　Release earthquake warning information within 10 seconds after catastrophic earthquakes in key areas.

　　Zhou Weixin, deputy director of the Planning and Finance Department of the Seismological Bureau of China, said that the earthquake prevention and disaster reduction work during the 14th Five-Year Plan period will further consolidate the monitoring foundation, strengthen forecasting and early warning, find out the risk base, strengthen seismic fortification, ensure emergency response, enhance public services, innovate seismic technology and promote modernization.

　　First, strengthen the capacity building of earthquake monitoring, forecasting and early warning. Accelerate the construction of earthquake monitoring network, and release earthquake early warning information within 10 seconds after catastrophic earthquakes occur in key areas. Strive to make short-term and imminent earthquake prediction with effective disaster reduction.

　　The second is to strengthen the capacity building of earthquake disaster risk prevention and control. Accelerate the evaluation of seismic exploration zoning, complete the investigation of key hidden dangers of earthquake disasters in earthquake-prone areas nationwide, and compile the sixth-generation seismic zoning map. Accelerate the strengthening and reconstruction of houses in earthquake-prone areas and improve the seismic fortification capacity of buildings.

　　The third is to strengthen the capacity building of earthquake emergency rescue. Provide automatic and rapid evaluation opinions on earthquake disasters within 15 minutes after the earthquake, provide rapid evaluation results of earthquake disasters within 40 minutes, and provide opinions on earthquake trend judgment within 60 minutes, which provides support for efficient and orderly earthquake rescue tasks.

　　On May 11th, 2022, children of Lvyuan Sunshine Kindergarten in Nanming District of Guiyang City learned the skills of disaster prevention, mitigation and self-help under the guidance of firefighters. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Zhao Song)

　　China is one of the countries with the most serious meteorological disasters in the world. Deng Shizhong, deputy director of the Emergency Disaster Reduction and Public Service Department of China Meteorological Bureau, said that a meteorological disaster risk prediction and early warning service system should be established by disaster types, regions and industries, and meteorological disaster impact prediction and risk early warning services should be developed. Strengthen comprehensive disaster reduction, promote the meteorological service guarantee of the whole chain of natural disaster prevention, resistance and rescue, improve the linkage mechanism and progressive early warning service mechanism with meteorological disaster warning as the guide, and build the first line of defense for disaster prevention and mitigation.

　　Within 10 hours of the disaster, the basic livelihood of the affected people was effectively rescued.

　　Lai Hongzhou, deputy director of the Disaster Relief Department of the Emergency Management Department, introduced that the plan clearly stated that disaster relief should be more powerful and efficient during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period, and the basic livelihood of the affected people was effectively rescued within 10 hours of the disaster. He said that the National Disaster Reduction Committee and the Emergency Management Department will focus on the planning objectives, and further strengthen the capacity building of disaster relief from the aspects of detailed resettlement and assistance for the masses, ensuring the supply of disaster relief materials, and doing a good job in departmental emergency linkage.

　　Lai Hongzhou also introduced that at present, China has built a five-level disaster information officer system at the provincial, city, county, township and village levels, with a total of more than 1 million people, most of whom are part-time cadres at the grassroots level, covering all urban and rural communities in the country, and disaster-prone areas are also equipped with A and B corners. Disaster information officers at all levels are mainly responsible for reporting disaster statistics, and at the same time take into account the tasks of early warning information transmission, disaster hidden danger investigation, dangerous information reporting, etc., and assist in the emergency relocation and life assistance of the affected people.

　　Lai Hongzhou said that the main purpose of building this team is to build a nationwide disaster information statistical reporting network to ensure that people at the grassroots level report disasters, will report disasters, and report them accurately and quickly. Every disaster information officer plays the role of "nerve endings". In case of emergency, he can timely transmit disaster information to the "brain center", providing important information support for the decision-making of party committees and governments at all levels in emergency rescue and disaster relief, and minimizing the loss of people’s lives and property.

(Editor: Luan Fei)

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, December 26th

People’s Republic of China (PRC) national defense law

(Adopted at the Fifth Session of the Eighth National People’s Congress on March 14, 1997)　

According to the Decision on Amending Some Laws of the 10th Session of the 11th the NPC Standing Committee on August 27th, 2009.　

Revised at the 24th meeting of the 13th the NPC Standing Committee on December 26th, 2020)

Catalogue

Chapter I General Principles

Chapter II National Defense Functions and Powers of State Organs

Chapter III Armed Forces

Chapter IV Defense in Frontier Defense, Coastal Defense, Air Defense and Other Major Security Fields

Chapter V National Defense Scientific Research, Production and Military Procurement

Chapter VI National Defense Funds and National Defense Assets

Chapter VII National Defense Education

Chapter VIII National Defense Mobilization and State of War

Chapter IX National Defense Obligations and Rights of Citizens and Organizations

Chapter X Obligations and Rights and Interests of Soldiers

Chapter XI Foreign Military Relations

Chapter XII Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Principles

Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution for the purpose of building and consolidating national defense, ensuring the smooth progress of reform, opening up and socialist modernization, and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Article 2 This Law is applicable to the military activities carried out by the state to guard against and resist aggression, stop armed subversion and division, and safeguard national sovereignty, unity, territorial integrity, security and development interests, as well as military-related political, economic, diplomatic, scientific, technological and educational activities.

Article 3 National defense is the security guarantee for the survival and development of the country.

The state strengthens the construction of armed forces, strengthens the defense construction in frontier defense, coastal defense, air defense and other major security fields, develops national defense scientific research and production, popularizes national defense education for the whole people, improves the national defense mobilization system, and realizes national defense modernization.

Article 4 National defense activities adhere to the guidance of Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents, Scientific Outlook on Development and the Supreme Leader’s Thought of the New Era, implement the Supreme Leader’s Thought of Strengthening the Army, adhere to the overall concept of national security, implement the military strategic policy of the new era, and build a consolidated national defense and powerful armed force commensurate with China’s international status and compatible with national security and development interests.

Article 5 The State exercises unified leadership over national defense activities.

Article 6 People’s Republic of China (PRC) pursues a defensive national defense policy, independently builds and consolidates national defense, actively defends and upholds national defense for all.

The state adheres to the coordinated, balanced and compatible development of economic construction and national defense construction, carries out national defense activities in accordance with the law, accelerates the modernization of national defense and the armed forces, and realizes the unification of enriching the country and strengthening the armed forces.

Article 7 It is the sacred duty of every citizen in People’s Republic of China (PRC) to defend the motherland and resist aggression.

People’s Republic of China (PRC) citizens should fulfill their national defense obligations according to law.

All state organs and armed forces, political parties and people’s organizations, enterprises, institutions, social organizations and other organizations should support and participate in national defense construction according to law, perform national defense duties and complete national defense tasks.

Article 8 The state and society respect and give preferential treatment to servicemen, safeguard their status and legitimate rights and interests, and carry out various forms of activities of supporting the army and giving priority to their families, so that servicemen can become a respected profession of the whole society.

The China People’s Liberation Army and the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force carried out activities to support the government and love the people, and consolidated the unity of the army, the government and the people.

Article 9 People’s Republic of China (PRC) actively promotes international military exchanges and cooperation, safeguards world peace and opposes acts of aggression and expansion.

Article 10 Organizations and individuals who have made contributions to national defense activities shall be commended and rewarded in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations.

Article 11 Any organization or individual that violates this Law and other relevant laws, refuses to perform national defense obligations or endangers national defense interests shall be investigated for legal responsibility according to law.

Public officials who abuse their powers, neglect their duties or engage in malpractices for selfish ends in national defense activities shall be investigated for legal responsibility according to law.

Chapter II National Defense Functions and Powers of State Organs

Article 12 The National People’s Congress decides on issues of war and peace in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, and exercises other functions and powers in national defense as stipulated in the Constitution.

In accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, the NPC Standing Committee decides to declare a state of war, decide on national general mobilization or partial mobilization, and exercise other functions and powers in national defense as stipulated in the Constitution.

Article 13 In accordance with the decisions of the National People’s Congress and the NPC Standing Committee, President People’s Republic of China (PRC) declared a state of war, issued a mobilization order, and exercised other functions and powers in national defense as stipulated in the Constitution.

Fourteenth the State Council leadership and management of national defense construction, exercise the following functions and powers:

(a) the preparation of relevant development plans and plans for national defense construction;

(2) Formulating relevant policies and administrative regulations on national defense construction;

(3) to lead and manage national defense scientific research and production;

(four) the management of national defense funds and national defense assets;

(five) to lead and manage the mobilization of the national economy and the construction and organization of civil air defense and national defense transportation;

(six) the leadership and management of yongjunyoushu work and retired military security work;

(7) Co-leading the construction of militia, conscription and management of defense in frontier defense, coastal defense, air defense and other major security fields with the Central Military Commission (CMC);

(eight) other functions and powers related to national defense construction as prescribed by law.

Article 15 the Central Military Commission (CMC) leads the national armed forces and exercises the following functions and powers:

(a) unified command of the national armed forces;

(2) to decide on the military strategy and the operational policy of the armed forces;

(three) to lead and manage the construction of the China People’s Liberation Army and the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, formulate plans and organize their implementation;

(four) to submit a motion to the National People’s Congress or the NPC Standing Committee;

(5) To formulate military regulations and issue decisions and orders in accordance with the Constitution and laws;

(6) To decide on the system and establishment of the China People’s Liberation Army and the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, and to stipulate the tasks and responsibilities of the Central Military Commission (CMC) government departments, war zones, services and arms, the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force and other units;

(seven) in accordance with the provisions of laws and military regulations, the appointment and removal, training, assessment and reward and punishment of members of the armed forces;

(eight) to decide on the weapons and equipment system of the armed forces, formulate weapons and equipment development plans, and cooperate with the State Council to lead and manage national defense scientific research and production;

(nine) to manage national defense funds and national defense assets in conjunction with the State Council;

(ten) to lead and manage the mobilization and reserve work of the people’s armed forces;

(eleven) to organize international military exchanges and cooperation;

(twelve) other functions and powers as prescribed by law.

Article 16 the Central Military Commission (CMC) implements the chairman responsibility system.

Seventeenth the State Council and the Central Military Commission (CMC) to establish a coordination mechanism to solve major issues of national defense affairs.

The central state organs and the relevant departments of the Central Military Commission (CMC) organs may hold meetings according to the situation to coordinate and solve problems related to national defense affairs.

Article 18 Local people’s congresses at various levels and the standing committees of local people’s congresses at or above the county level shall, within their respective administrative areas, ensure the observance and implementation of laws and regulations on national defense affairs.

Local people’s governments at various levels shall, within the limits of authority prescribed by law, administer the work of conscription, militia, mobilization of national economy, civil air defense, national defense transportation, protection of national defense facilities, and protection and preferential treatment of demobilized soldiers.

Article 19 Local people’s governments at all levels and resident military organs shall convene joint meetings of the military and the land as needed to coordinate and solve problems related to national defense affairs within their respective administrative areas.

The joint military-civilian meeting shall be convened jointly by the responsible persons of the local people’s governments and the resident military organs. The participants in the joint military-civilian meeting shall be determined by the convener.

Matters agreed upon at the joint meeting of the military and local authorities shall be handled by the local people’s government and the resident military organs according to their respective responsibilities and tasks, and major matters shall be reported to their superiors respectively.

Chapter III Armed Forces

Article 20 The armed forces of People’s Republic of China (PRC) belong to the people. Its task is to consolidate national defense, resist aggression, defend the motherland, safeguard the people’s peaceful labor, participate in national construction, and serve the people wholeheartedly.

Article 21 The armed forces of People’s Republic of China (PRC) are under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC). The Communist Party of China (CPC) organizations in the armed forces carry out their activities in accordance with Constitution of the Communist Party of China.

Article 22 The armed forces of People’s Republic of China (PRC) are composed of the China People’s Liberation Army, the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force and the militia.

The China People’s Liberation Army is composed of active and reserve forces. Its mission in the new era is to provide strategic support for consolidating the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership and socialist system, defending national sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity, safeguarding national overseas interests and promoting world peace and development. Active duty troops are the standing army of the country, mainly responsible for defensive operations and carrying out non-war military operations in accordance with regulations. The reserve forces shall conduct military training and carry out defensive operations and non-war military operations in accordance with regulations; According to the mobilization order issued by the state, the Central Military Commission (CMC) issued an order to be transferred to active service.

The Chinese People’s Armed Police Force is responsible for duty, handling social security emergencies, preventing and handling terrorist activities, maritime rights enforcement, emergency rescue and defensive operations, and other tasks entrusted by the Central Military Commission (CMC).

The militia, under the command of military organs, undertakes combat readiness, non-war military operations and defensive operations.

Article 23 The armed forces of People’s Republic of China (PRC) must abide by the Constitution and laws.

Article 24 People’s Republic of China (PRC)’s armed forces should adhere to the road of strengthening the army with China characteristics, strengthen the army with politics, reform, science and technology, strengthen the army with talents, manage the army according to law, strengthen military training, carry out political work, improve the level of security, comprehensively promote the modernization of military theory, military organization, military personnel and weapons and equipment, build a modern combat system with China characteristics, comprehensively improve combat effectiveness, and strive to achieve the Party’s goal of strengthening the army in the new era.

Article 25 The size of People’s Republic of China (PRC)’s armed forces should meet the needs of safeguarding national sovereignty, security and development interests.

Article 26 Military service in People’s Republic of China (PRC) is divided into active service and reserve service. The service system for servicemen and reservists shall be prescribed by law.

The China People’s Liberation Army and the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force implement the rank system in accordance with the law.

Article 27 The China People’s Liberation Army and the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force shall practise a civilian personnel system in their designated posts.

Article 28 The flag and emblem of China People’s Liberation Army are the symbols and symbols of China People’s Liberation Army. The flag and emblem of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force are the symbols and symbols of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force.

Citizens and organizations shall respect the flag and emblem of the China People’s Liberation Army and the flag and emblem of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force.

The design, style and management measures for the flag and emblem of the China People’s Liberation Army and the flag and emblem of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force shall be formulated by the Central Military Commission (CMC).

Article 29 The State prohibits any organization or individual from illegally establishing an armed organization, illegal armed activities and posing as a soldier or armed forces organization.

Chapter IV Defense in Frontier Defense, Coastal Defense, Air Defense and Other Major Security Fields

Article 30 People’s Republic of China (PRC)’s territorial land, waters and airspace are inviolable. The state builds strong and stable modern frontier defense, coastal defense and air defense, and adopts effective defense and management measures to safeguard the safety of territorial land, territorial waters and airspace and safeguard the national maritime rights and interests.

The state takes necessary measures to safeguard the safety of activities, assets and other interests in other major security fields such as space, electromagnetism and cyberspace.

Article 31 the Central Military Commission (CMC) shall exercise unified leadership over defense work in frontier defense, coastal defense, air defense and other major security fields.

The central state organs, local people’s governments at various levels and relevant military organs shall, within the prescribed scope of functions and powers, be responsible for the management and defense of frontier defense, coastal defense, air defense and other major security areas in a division of labor, and jointly safeguard national security and interests.

Article 32 The state shall, according to the needs of defense in frontier defense, coastal defense, air defense and other major security fields, strengthen the construction of defense forces and build defense facilities such as operations, command, communications, measurement and control, navigation, protection, transportation and security. People’s governments at all levels and military organs shall, in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations, ensure the construction of national defense facilities and protect the safety of national defense facilities.

Chapter V National Defense Scientific Research, Production and Military Procurement

Article 33 The state establishes and improves the national defense science, technology and industry system, develops national defense scientific research and production, and provides the armed forces with weapons and equipment with advanced performance, reliable quality, complete supporting facilities, convenient operation and maintenance, and other applicable military materials to meet the needs of national defense.

Article 34 The national defense science, technology and industry shall follow the policy of combining military and civilian, combining peacetime and wartime, giving priority to military products, being driven by innovation, and being independent and controllable.

The state makes overall plans for the construction of national defense science, technology and industry, adheres to the principle of national leadership, division of labor and cooperation, professional support, openness and integration, and maintains the national defense scientific research and production capacity with appropriate scale and reasonable layout.

Article 35 The state makes full use of the superior resources of the whole society, promotes the progress of national defense science and technology, speeds up independent research and development of technology, gives full play to the leading role of high and new technologies in the development of weapons and equipment, increases technical reserves, improves the national defense intellectual property system, promotes the transformation of national defense scientific and technological achievements, promotes the sharing and collaborative innovation of scientific and technological resources, and improves the national defense scientific research capability and the technical level of weapons and equipment.

Article 36 The state creates favorable environment and conditions, strengthens the training of national defense science and technology talents, encourages and attracts outstanding talents to enter the field of national defense scientific research and production, and stimulates the innovative vitality of talents.

National defense science and technology workers should be respected by the whole society. The state gradually improves the treatment of national defense science and technology workers and protects their legitimate rights and interests.

Article 37 The State practices a military procurement system according to law to ensure the procurement and supply of weapons and equipment, materials, projects and services needed by the armed forces.

Article 38 The State exercises unified leadership and planned control over national defense scientific research and production. Pay attention to the role of market mechanism and promote fair competition in national defense scientific research and production and military procurement activities.

The state provides necessary guarantee conditions and preferential policies for organizations and individuals undertaking national defense scientific research and production tasks and accepting military procurement according to law. Local people’s governments at all levels shall provide assistance and support to organizations and individuals that undertake national defense scientific research and production tasks and accept military procurement according to law.

Organizations and individuals undertaking national defense scientific research and production tasks and accepting military procurement should keep secrets, complete tasks in a timely and efficient manner, ensure quality and provide corresponding service guarantees.

The state implements a system of quality responsibility investigation for weapons and equipment, materials, projects and services supplied to the armed forces according to law.

Chapter VI National Defense Funds and National Defense Assets

Article 39 The state guarantees the necessary funds for national defense. The growth of national defense funds should be compatible with national defense demand and the level of national economic development.

National defense funds shall be subject to budget management according to law.

Article 40 The funds directly invested by the state for the construction of armed forces, national defense scientific research and production and other national defense construction, the allocated land and other resources, and the resulting weapons and equipment, equipment and facilities, materials and equipment, and technological achievements used for national defense purposes belong to national defense assets.

National defense assets belong to the state.

Article 41 The state shall, according to the needs of national defense and economic construction, determine the scale, structure and layout of national defense assets, and adjust and dispose of national defense assets.

The management institutions and units that possess and use national defense assets shall manage national defense assets according to law and give full play to their effectiveness.

Article 42 The state protects national defense assets from infringement and ensures the safety, integrity and effectiveness of national defense assets.

It is forbidden for any organization or individual to destroy, damage or occupy national defense assets. Without the approval of institutions authorized by the State Council, the Central Military Commission (CMC), the State Council and the Central Military Commission (CMC), the possessor or user of national defense assets shall not change the use of national defense assets for national defense purposes. The technological achievements in national defense assets can be used for other purposes in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state on the premise of adhering to national defense priority and ensuring safety.

The management organization of national defense assets or the units that possess and use national defense assets that are no longer used for national defense purposes shall, in accordance with the provisions, submit for approval, and use them for other purposes or dispose of them according to law.

Chapter VII National Defense Education

Article 43 Through national defense education, the state enables all citizens to enhance their sense of national defense, strengthen their sense of hardship, master national defense knowledge, improve their national defense skills, carry forward the spirit of patriotism, and fulfill their national defense obligations according to law.

Popularizing and strengthening national defense education is the common responsibility of the whole society.

Article 44 National defense education adheres to the principle of participation by the whole people, long-term persistence and practical results, and implements the principles of combining regular education with centralized education, combining universal education with key education, and combining theoretical education with behavioral education.

Forty-fifth national defense education departments should strengthen the organization and management of national defense education, and other relevant departments should do a good job in national defense education in accordance with the prescribed responsibilities.

Military organs shall support relevant organs and organizations to carry out national defense education and provide relevant facilities according to law.

All state organs, armed forces, political parties, people’s organizations, enterprises, institutions, social organizations and other organizations shall organize their own regions, departments and units to carry out national defense education.

National defense education in schools is the basis of national defense education for all. Schools at all levels and types should set up appropriate national defense education courses, or increase the content of national defense education in relevant courses. Ordinary institutions of higher learning and high school schools shall organize military training for students in accordance with regulations.

Public officials should actively participate in national defense education, improve national defense literacy, and play an exemplary role in national defense education for all.

Forty-sixth people’s governments at all levels should incorporate national defense education into the national economic and social development plan to ensure the funds needed for national defense education.

Chapter VIII National Defense Mobilization and State of War

Article 47 When People’s Republic of China (PRC)’s sovereignty, unity, territorial integrity, security and development interests are threatened, the state shall, in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution and laws, carry out national general mobilization or partial mobilization.

Article 48 The State shall incorporate the preparations for national defense mobilization into the overall national development plan and plan, improve the national defense mobilization system, enhance the national defense mobilization potential and enhance the national defense mobilization capability.

Article 49 The State establishes a strategic material reserve system. Strategic material reserves should be of moderate scale, safe storage, convenient call and regular replacement to ensure wartime needs.

Article 50 Relevant departments of the national defense mobilization leading bodies, central state organs and the Central Military Commission (CMC) organs shall organize the preparation and implementation of national defense mobilization in accordance with the division of responsibilities.

All state organs and armed forces, political parties and people’s organizations, enterprises, institutions, social organizations, other organizations and citizens must complete preparations for national defense mobilization in accordance with the law; After the mobilization order is issued by the state, the required national defense mobilization task must be completed.

Article 51 The state may, according to the needs of national defense mobilization, expropriate and requisition the equipment, facilities, means of transportation, places and other property of organizations and individuals according to law.

The people’s governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, give fair and reasonable compensation for the direct economic losses caused by the expropriation and requisition.

Article 52 The state declares a state of war in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, and adopts various measures to concentrate manpower, material resources and financial resources to lead all citizens to defend the motherland and resist aggression.

Chapter IX National Defense Obligations and Rights of Citizens and Organizations

Article 53 It is the glorious duty of People’s Republic of China (PRC) citizens to perform military service and join militia organizations in accordance with the law.

Military service organs at all levels and people’s armed institutions at the grass-roots level shall handle military service according to law, complete conscription tasks according to the orders of the State Council and the Central Military Commission (CMC), and ensure the quality of soldiers. Relevant state organs, people’s organizations, enterprises, institutions, social organizations and other organizations shall complete the militia and reserve work in accordance with the law and assist in the task of conscription.

Article 54 Enterprises, institutions and individuals undertaking national defense scientific research and production tasks or accepting military procurement shall provide weapons and equipment or materials, projects and services that meet quality standards as required.

Enterprises, institutions and individuals shall, in accordance with state regulations, implement national defense requirements in construction projects closely related to national defense and safeguard the needs of national defense construction and military operations according to law. The management and operation units of transportation facilities such as stations, ports, airports and roads shall provide priority services for the passage of military personnel, military vehicles and ships, and give preferential treatment in accordance with regulations.

Article 55 Citizens shall receive national defense education.

Citizens and organizations shall protect national defense facilities and shall not destroy or endanger them.

Citizens and organizations shall abide by the confidentiality provisions, and shall not disclose state secrets in national defense, and shall not illegally hold secret documents, materials and other secret articles in national defense.

Article 56 Citizens and organizations shall support national defense construction and provide convenience or other assistance for military training, combat readiness, defensive operations and non-war military operations of the armed forces.

The state encourages and supports qualified citizens and enterprises to invest in national defense, protects the legitimate rights and interests of investors and gives preferential policies according to law.

Article 57 Citizens and organizations have the right to make suggestions on national defense construction and to stop or report acts endangering national defense interests.

Article 58 Militia, reservists and other citizens shall perform their duties and obligations when they participate in military training according to law and undertake tasks such as combat readiness, defensive operations and non-war military operations. The state and society ensure that they enjoy corresponding treatment, and give them preferential treatment in accordance with relevant regulations.

Citizens and organizations that suffer direct economic losses due to national defense construction and military activities may receive compensation in accordance with relevant state regulations.

Chapter X Obligations and Rights and Interests of Soldiers

Fifty-ninth soldiers must be loyal to the motherland, loyal to the Communist Party of China (CPC), perform their duties, fight bravely, not afraid of sacrifice, and defend the security, honor and interests of the motherland.

Article 60 Soldiers must abide by the Constitution and laws in an exemplary manner, observe military regulations, execute orders and strictly observe discipline.

Article 61 Soldiers should carry forward the fine traditions of the people’s army, love and protect the people, take an active part in socialist modernization and complete tasks such as emergency rescue and disaster relief.

Article 62 Soldiers should be respected by the whole society.

The state establishes a military meritorious honor recognition system.

The state takes effective measures to protect the honor and personal dignity of military personnel, and provides special protection for the marriage of military personnel in accordance with the law.

The behavior of military personnel performing their duties according to law is protected by law.

Article 63 The state and society give preferential treatment to servicemen.

The state establishes a military treatment guarantee system that is compatible with military occupation and coordinated with the development of national economy.

Article 64 The state establishes a security system for retired military personnel, properly arranges retired military personnel and safeguards their legitimate rights and interests.

Article 65 The state and society give preferential treatment to disabled soldiers and give special protection to disabled soldiers’s life and medical care according to law.

After disabled soldiers, who was disabled or sick due to war or duty, retired from active service, the people’s governments at or above the county level shall promptly receive resettlement and ensure that his life is not lower than the local average living standard.

Article 66 The state and society give preferential treatment to families of servicemen, and give preferential treatment to families of martyrs and families of servicemen who died in the line of duty.

Chapter XI Foreign Military Relations

Article 67 People’s Republic of China (PRC) adheres to the five principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence, maintains the international system with the United Nations at the core and the international order based on international law, adheres to the concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, promotes the building of a community of human destiny, independently handles foreign military relations, and conducts military exchanges and cooperation.

Article 68 People’s Republic of China (PRC) follows the basic norms of international relations based on the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, uses its armed forces in accordance with relevant national laws to protect the safety of citizens, organizations, institutions and facilities in China overseas, participates in United Nations peacekeeping, international rescue, maritime escort, joint training, combating terrorism and other activities, fulfills its international security obligations and safeguards the country’s overseas interests.

Article 69 People’s Republic of China (PRC) supports the military-related activities carried out by the international community that are conducive to maintaining world and regional peace, security and stability, supports the efforts made by the international community for the fair and reasonable settlement of international disputes and international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation, participates in multilateral dialogue and negotiations in the security field, and promotes the formulation of universally accepted, fair and reasonable international rules.

Article 70 In its foreign military relations, People’s Republic of China (PRC) abides by relevant treaties and agreements concluded or acceded to with foreign countries and international organizations.

Chapter XII Supplementary Provisions

Article 71 The term "serviceman" as mentioned in this Law refers to officers, non-commissioned officers, conscripts and other personnel serving in the China People’s Liberation Army.

The provisions of this Law concerning soldiers shall apply to the People’s Armed Police.

Article 72 The defense of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Special Administrative Region shall be stipulated by the Basic Law of the Special Administrative Region and relevant laws.

Article 73 This Law shall come into force as of January 1, 2021.

At about 16: 00 on August 13th, tornadoes occurred in Wanying, Xiaohai and Nanyang towns in Dafeng District, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, which were preliminarily identified as EF2 medium-intensity tornadoes by experts. According to a report on the evening of 13th in Dafeng District, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, 2 people were killed and 15 injured in the disaster.

Tornado is called the king of style. There are many rumors about its powerful power, such as uprooting trees, blowing cars into the sky, and turning into dragons to absorb water … Are these rumors true or false? How strong is the EF2 tornado? Why are tornadoes frequent in Jiangsu? China Weather Network launched the tornado chapter of "Weather Archives", and let’s listen to its confession.

Hello, everyone, I am a tornado. My name is world-famous, but not many people have actually seen me. Because of this, there are many legends about me circulating in the Jianghu. There are people who drive around the world to track my figure in order to see my style. Next, I will introduce myself: first of all, please remember, don’t be infatuated with me, I am just a gust of wind, a wind that can kill people.

I was born in unstable weather conditions, which is a strong and small-scale air vortex caused by air convection. When cold and warm air masses collide with each other, a cumulonimbus cloud will be formed. There are high-altitude airflow and low-altitude airflow inside the huge cumulonimbus cloud. When the ascending airflow is constantly entangled with the descending airflow, a strong horizontal vortex will occur. In the process of vortex rotation, it continues to be involved in more airflow, and it keeps growing like a snowball. I was formed when the vortex developed large enough and fell to the ground.

As a member of the strong convection family, my body is petite, with a diameter of several meters to several hundred meters, especially as large as 1 kilometer. My playing time is usually short, usually lasting a few minutes to dozens of minutes. Although I am small, I am extremely destructive. My central wind power can reach 30-150 m/s, and in extreme cases it can reach 300 m/s, which is several times faster than the maximum wind speed in the center of a strong typhoon. The huge wind speed allowed me to pull up trees, destroy houses and roll up cars, and the place I passed was like an explosion scene.

Of course, I don’t always burst like this. My family is divided into different sections. According to the current international EF grade (Fujita series), my strength is divided into six grades from low to high: EF0 to EF5. EF0 and EF1 are the most common. Although they are only bronze sections, they are enough to break the glass and blow the chimney. The EF1 level can overturn the roof, causing casualties.

When my strength reaches EF2 level and above, it belongs to a strong tornado, and EF2 level may cause trees to be uprooted; EF3 class even trains can be blown down; EF4 level can shovel and level houses; EF5 is the king’s position, and the damage is devastating. The house with frame structure may be thrown out together with the foundation, the reinforced concrete structure building will be seriously damaged, and the car may be blown away.

These are definitely not alarmist, and my black history makes people tremble.

For example, the Tri-State Tornado, which happened on March 18th, 1925, is considered as one of the most violent tornadoes in American history. The tornado started from Missouri and went through Illinois and Indiana, moving 350 kilometers in a straight line, causing nearly 700 deaths and 2,000 injuries. Wherever it went, it was a mess. Although the tornado was not officially rated by the United States, it was recognized as EF5 by most experts.

The EF4 tornado that occurred in Shanghai, China on September 24th, 1956 became one of the most famous tornadoes in China, and even appeared in geography and physics examinations. In the afternoon, a violent tornado hit the eastern edge of Shanghai. The strong wind swept a four-story oil storage tank with 110,000 kilograms to a height of 15 meters and threw it 120 meters away. The tornado also blew down a four-story reinforced concrete building in the suburbs, causing serious casualties.

Ever heard of "tornado hunter"? There is such a group of people in America who are dedicated to chasing my figure. Of course, the so-called hunters can’t hurt me at all. At most, they shoot my majestic posture and record the data when I pass by.

Tim samaras, a famous American tornado hunter, has his own chasing team. When a tornado comes, everyone else is hiding, and only their car runs in the opposite direction. Tim is a professional tornado hunter. The car is loaded with meteorological instruments, collecting data such as wind speed and air pressure, and monitoring my movements in real time with radar charts. But on May 31, 2013, when he was tracking a tornado in Oklahoma, the tornado suddenly turned, and Tim was thrown 800 meters away and died. I really hope that Tim’s unexpected death can alert other fans, to fear nature, and not to be too close to me. You can never predict whether you will catch up with me or I will catch up with you in the next second.

As you may have seen, my figure appears all over the world, and it is not easy to catch me if the so-called dragon sees the tail without the head. Scientists have also explored some of my haunting laws through a lot of data research. I mainly hang out in mid-latitude areas, and I visit North America, Europe, Russian, China, Japanese and Australian every year. Among them, the United States is called the "Tornado Kingdom", which is the country I visit the most, with an average of 1,141 punch cards per year (average from 2000 to 2020).

I have left my trail in most parts of central and eastern China, among which I often go to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Among my favorite provinces, Jiangsu ranks first, and the northern part of Jiangsu is in the climate transition zone between subtropical and warm temperate zones, which is easy to accumulate unstable energy. In addition, the local topography is low and flat, and rivers and lakes are intertwined, which is conducive to my development and growth.

Guangdong is also a province where I often punch in, especially in western Guangdong, where I often appear with typhoons. When the typhoon landed in western Guangdong, the vertical wind shear was often stronger and the water vapor transport was sufficient, which provided a favorable atmospheric environment for my birth. The terrain here was flat and suitable for my growth. In addition, the conditions in Hubei and Anhui are also good, and I will go there twice a year or so.

My favorite playing time is spring and summer, especially from April to August, in which July is the most, accounting for about 28% of the whole year, followed by April. During the day, I prefer to hang out in the afternoon to the evening, because after the solar radiation during the day, the atmospheric stratification is unstable during this period, which is the most prone period for strong convective weather, including me.

Because of my destructive power and elusive unruly personality, there have been various rumors about me in the Jianghu for many years. Today, I will give you a bottom. Don’t be too shocked. Some rumors are really true.

One day, there was a sudden thunder and lightning and dark clouds on the calm water, and then a water column like a dragon suddenly jumped out and soared into the sky, as if to suck up the water on the ground. The legendary dragon absorbs water, which is actually my appearance above the water surface, also known as waterspout. When the dragon absorbs water, my upper end is connected with thunderstorm clouds, and my lower end extends to the water surface, forming a shocking scene of water and sky connecting.

As for letting the sky rain Yu Yu and frogs, this skill is too simple for me. When the waterspout happens, the strong suction may involve fish, frogs and other animals in the water, and then it will be carried to other places by strong wind, which can cause the wonders of animal rain in your eyes.

Can tornadoes "travel" people? I must have seen too many fairy tales to ask this question, but I still have to answer you seriously. It is possible. There was a record that someone was involved in me and was later found hundreds of meters or kilometers away. However, this so-called "trip" is very scary. People involved will face huge wind speed and air pressure, and they will experience dizziness, suffocation, hypothermia, trauma and even tearing. It is definitely a miracle to survive.

So I’m here to remind you that if you meet me unexpectedly, you must stay away as soon as possible and hide in the basement or a solid building. Don’t just focus on making friends and miss the escape time. It is still the peak season of my appearance, and there will be reports of my presence from time to time in various places, so we must not take it lightly.

Source | China Weather Network
Editor | Liang Zeming

Since the winter of last year, affected by many factors, such as abnormal climate, the global animal avian influenza epidemic has been on the rise, affecting nearly 40 countries and regions in Asia, Europe and the Middle East. Our reporter learned from the National Health and Family Planning Commission that the number of cases of H7N9 epidemic (human avian influenza) in China has increased, and most of them are distributed in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions. Contact with infected poultry or exposure to the live poultry market is an important risk factor for human infection. There is evidence that the virus can’t spread widely among people. From February 6 to 12, 2017, 69 cases of H7N9 were reported nationwide, with 8 deaths. At present, the number of new cases is on the decline. Experts predict that there will still be sporadic case reports in mainland China in the near future. Regarding H7N9, the National Health and Family Planning Commission summarized the following knowledge points:

1. What is the H7N9 epidemic?

The H7N9 epidemic is caused by H7N9 virus. Since the first case of human infection with H7N9 was discovered in East China in 2013, seasonal epidemics have occurred in winter and spring every year.

2. What are the main clinical manifestations of 2.H7N9 cases?

The incubation period is usually less than 7 days, or as long as 10 days. Pneumonia is the main clinical manifestation. Patients often have fever, cough and expectoration, which may be accompanied by symptoms such as headache, muscle aches, diarrhea or vomiting. Severe patients’ condition develops rapidly, and severe pneumonia occurs in 3~7 days after onset. Most of them have a temperature above 39℃, and they have difficulty breathing, which may be accompanied by hemoptysis and phlegm. It often progresses rapidly to acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. A small number of patients can be mild, only showing symptoms of fever with upper respiratory tract infection. The early onset of H7N9 cases has no specific manifestations, and it is difficult to diagnose and treat early. The treatment effect of severe cases in the later stage is poor and the mortality rate is high. At present, the overall mortality rate of reported cases is about 40%.

3. How does the 3.H7N9 virus spread?

The most important risk factor for human infection with H7N9 virus is direct or indirect exposure to the environment polluted by infected live birds or infected birds. There is no evidence that H7N9 virus can be transmitted to humans through properly handled poultry or eggs. In addition, eating cooked food will not infect H7N9 virus. There is no evidence that H7N9 virus can continue to be "human-to-human".

4. Who are the high-risk people infected with H7N9 virus?

Mainly retirees, housework and unemployed people, rural people; Mostly middle-aged and elderly people; Most cases have basic diseases; The vast majority of cases had contact with live poultry before onset or had been to markets where live poultry were sold. People engaged in non-scale and non-standardized poultry breeding, selling and slaughtering have more opportunities to be exposed to infected poultry, and the risk of infection is higher.

5. Is there a vaccine to prevent the disease? Can seasonal influenza vaccine prevent H7N9?

There is currently no vaccine available to prevent H7N9 virus infection. Seasonal influenza vaccine does not prevent H7N9 influenza.

6. How can we reduce the occurrence of severe cases and deaths of H7N9?

The use of antiviral drugs, such as oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu), has the best effect as soon as possible after onset. The clinic of comprehensive patients by medical staff

Bed manifestations and suspicious exposure history, suspected of being infected with H7N9 virus, antiviral drugs should be used as soon as possible, without waiting for the results of pathogen detection, so as to reduce the possibility of patients progressing to severe disease.

7. Will the epidemic get worse?

According to the epidemic law in the past, the number of cases will decrease obviously after the Spring Festival every year, and it will be at a low level until the end of April. At present, the upward trend of the epidemic has been contained.

8. Can poultry be eaten at present?

Birds such as chickens and ducks can be bought and eaten, but they must be eaten safely. First, we should pay attention to avoid direct purchase of live birds, direct contact with live birds and self-slaughter of live birds; Second, don’t buy live birds from mobile vendors; The third is to remind the elderly, especially those with basic diseases and poor physical fitness, to avoid or reduce contact with live birds as much as possible.

9. What preventive suggestions do experts have?

Try to avoid contact with live birds, let alone dead birds, and do personal protection. You can choose to buy chilled and chilled poultry products. Pay attention to separate raw and cooked food when cooking, and cook it thoroughly. If you have symptoms such as fever, headache, stuffy nose, cough and general malaise, you should wear a mask, see a doctor as soon as possible, and take the initiative to tell the doctor whether you have been in contact with poultry. Maintain a healthy lifestyle. ▲

△ Hundreds of thousands of Jiujiang citizens who stayed up all night went out before dawn, waiting on both sides of the street, tearfully bidding farewell to their soldiers who struggled with Hong Mo for more than 50 days!

△ The citizens rushed to throw gifts at the car.

△ The child holding the sign is called Zhao Boxi, one of the children rescued by the soldiers when Jiang Xinzhou burst its bank late at night on August 5.

△ "Brother Bing, I really can’t bear to let you go!" A young woman got up the courage to rush nearby and threw a cigarette into the car.

Wave. Shake hands. The tearful soldiers sang "Our Soldiers" and "Say the Truth" over and over again.

△ When I arrived at Jiujiang Transportation Building, Hu Minli, a 30-year-old employee, ran back to the factory in a hurry, climbed to the heights with the national flag and danced wildly.

△8: 45, there are still 5 minutes before the train starts. Liu Heping, a 54-year-old worker of Jiujiang Cement Factory, and more than 50 women suddenly squeezed out of the boiling crowd and blew the flute. People sang "Farewell" and "Beijing has a golden sun" loudly.

Delta figure in the middle of this one is the commander in chief general Dong Wanrui. He said: "I am proud to have soldiers who are so loved by the people!" "

98 flood control-six months later …

△ After half a year of fighting the flood, the people who fled in the photo came back.

△ On New Year’s Day, employees of China Railway Bridge Bureau on the construction site of Jiujiang Bridge. They fought continuously to get back the construction period delayed by the 98 flood.

△ On the New Year’s Day, in the new home for the New Year, setting off firecrackers is to relax.

△ I can finally be happy once.

△ A glass of wine full of ups and downs.

△ The new house is built on the basis of disaster relief.

△ His couplet: Unforgettable bumpy road in 1998, and create brilliant days in the future. Horizontal batch is "from scratch".

△ The child in the middle of the picture is called Cai Baoyin, and his parents are on both sides. He is the child who got food for the first time in the flood control record of 1998 (I).

△ This girl (right) is the child in the 98 flood control wall chart behind.

Jiujiang city cried …

September 15th. The soldiers are gone. Jiujiang city cried.

Hundreds of thousands of Jiujiang citizens, who stayed up all night, went out before dawn, waiting on both sides of the street, tearfully bidding farewell to their life and death, and their soldiers who fought against the flood for more than 50 days triumphed.

Jiujiang people said: In the days when the dike burst, it was the soldiers who blocked the surging flood with their chests, and it was the soldiers who exchanged their lives for our lives!

It is these soldiers who cleaned the streets of Jiujiang before leaving. I quietly transported the saved 314,500 kilograms of rice and 90,000 pieces of clothes to the levee for the victims, and squeezed out 1,629,600 yuan from my only tens of yuan allowance and low salary to the disaster area …

For fear that the troops would leave at night, the citizens spontaneously organized themselves and took turns to "be on duty" at the gate of the army camp from September 10: we can’t let the soldiers leave quietly!

At 5 o’clock this morning, the military vehicle came out. But when the car just left the door, it couldn’t move any more. Thousands of Jiujiang people rushed to throw gifts such as apples and eggs into military vehicles.

At this moment, the soldiers all raised their hands to the brim-salute!

At this moment, the soldiers and citizens’ chests are ups and downs, with tears in their eyes.

The saluting soldiers are like statues. 　

The citizens are still rushing to throw gifts at the car.

In the crowd, a teenager was holding a slogan in his hand. It was written in crooked Chinese characters: "I want to be a soldier when I grow up." His name is Zhao Boxi, and he is one of the children who were rescued by the soldiers when Jiang Xinzhou burst its banks late at night on August 5.

A group of female students from Jiujiang Teachers College have already discussed it these days. When the military vehicles passed by, they rushed out of the school gate and raised their slogan: "Brother Bing, I really can’t bear to let you go!" " A young woman in a sundress got up the courage to rush nearby and threw a cigarette into the car.

When he arrived at Jiujiang Traffic Building, Hu Minli, a 30-year-old employee, ran back to the factory in a hurry, climbed high with the national flag and danced wildly.

At the Arc de Triomphe erected by the citizens, there was a sea of people. Flowers, colorful flags, slogans, the sound of cars, songs and firecrackers all converge into one piece: "Goodbye, soldier brother!" "Long live the People’s Liberation Army!"　　

Wave. Shake hands. The tearful soldiers sang "Our Soldiers" and "Say the Truth" over and over again.

A 20-year-old young woman surnamed Yao shouted to the two soldiers in the car: "Da Li, Dajiang. Do you still know me when you come to Jiujiang in the future? "

Through the telephoto lens, the reporter saw that the tears of the two soldiers had hung on their cheeks.

At 8: 30, the first military vehicle arrived at Jiujiang West Station. Less than 5 kilometers, I walked for three and a half hours!

At 8: 45, there are five minutes before the train leaves. Liu Heping, a 54-year-old worker of Jiujiang Cement Factory, and more than 50 women suddenly squeezed out of the boiling crowd and blew the flute. People sang "Farewell" and "Beijing has a golden sun" loudly.

Lieutenant General Dong Wanrui, a group army soldier who stood by and said goodbye to the soldiers, choked: "I am proud to have soldiers who are so loved by the people." Tears ran down the general’s face.

At 8: 50, the train started. There was a cry on the platform.

(Newspaper, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, September 15th)

(September 16, 1998 was originally published in the headline of the Workers’ Daily)

△ "Jiujiang City Crys" won the second prize of the ninth China News Award.

△ Published in Workers’ Daily, August 11th, 1998, 1st edition.

△ The author’s 16 interview logs were published in the original text.

This issue was originally published in "Yiding Vision"

take a photograph | Yu Wenguo　 　edit | Wu Fan

　　　 According to comprehensive foreign news reports, every year, thousands of people around the world leave their homes to make a living in other countries in order to avoid war, hunger and poverty, and a considerable number of them are illegal immigrants. However, what awaits them is not an imaginary paradise. Recently, an American magazine published an article revealing several important smuggling routes in the world and the tragic fate of most illegal immigrants.

　　South American stowaways become victims of drug traffickers

　　It takes many passes to enter the United States

　　Mexico has always been the main source of illegal immigrants to the United States, and it is also regarded as the best passage for illegal immigrants from many countries to enter the United States. Every year, about 75,000 Guatemalans cross the dangerous Mexican border and come to Mexico. However, local smuggling activities are controlled by drug trafficking groups. Sometimes, drug trafficking groups will deliberately let border guards find illegal immigrants to divert their attention from drug trafficking activities. In recent years, because the United States has stepped up its crackdown, many illegal immigrants have been forced to move from Texas and California to Arizona.

　　South Americans choose to smuggle mainly because of economic considerations. Many people smuggle into the United States to find a job and earn more money to send home. In addition, the rampant violence in some countries in South America is also an important reason for some people to flee abroad.

　　People who want to sneak into the United States face a severe blow. Border patrol, national guard, militia, activists against illegal immigration and so on are all powerful opponents they have to face.

　　Eastern Europe becomes a pornographic smuggling channel

　　Marriage and employment is the best bait.

　　In recent years, the number of people smuggling into the EU countries through Eastern Europe has surged, which has led to the rapid development of the smuggling market in this region. According to the statistics of relevant EU institutions, the annual transaction volume is more than 12 billion US dollars. The sources of people smuggling through this route are complicated. Some people enter Western Europe from Central Asia via Russia, and then via Ukraine, Slovakia, Czech Republic and other countries. Others pass through Iran and Turkey and then turn to the Balkans. Recently, the Romanian port of constanza has become an important transit point, and it has recently become a transit point for American planes to go to Iraq.

　　Most of the illegal immigrants here are women who want to get rid of poverty and unemployment. In many Central Asian and Eastern European countries, the unemployment rate of women is much higher than that of men. Therefore, when traffickers take marriage and employment as bait, many women in these countries will fall for it.

　　Those lucky few illegal immigrants can get poor jobs through some informal means, while most people, especially women, will be detained by their so-called employers as soon as they arrive at their destination, and they will be forced to engage in pornography. Some people can finally return to their hometown with the rescue and help of the local government, but the trauma of their hearts may never be healed.

　　Cross the Sahara and land in Europe

　　Death at any time during a dangerous journey

　　In recent years, more and more people from central and southern Africa choose to sneak out of the country. In 2006, at least 26,000 Africans landed in the Canary Islands of Spain, five times that of 2005. But more people didn’t flee so far. They came to Egypt, Libya, Algeria and other countries in the Middle East and North Africa. The smuggling trip from Africa to the European continent is very dangerous. They first have to cross the Sahara to the southern coast of Morocco, and then many people crowded on small motorboats to cross the sea to Spain. In the first 10 months of 2006, 3,000 people were killed while crossing the sea.

　　The continuous wars and economic deterioration in West Africa and other regions are the important reasons why people choose to leave. On the other hand, the thirst for a large number of cheap labor in European and North African countries also makes these places the first choice for stowaways.

　　In order to crack down on smuggling activities, port cities such as Ceuta and Melilla in Morocco have built barbed wire, the Strait of Gibraltar is also equipped with an early warning surveillance radar system, and European countries have also provided helicopters and other equipment to North African governments. The "success rate" of smuggling activities is getting lower and lower.

　　Iraqi refugees are all over the Middle East.

　　European and American countries are also not easy to treat.

　　In the past 20 years, about 200,000 people came from South Asia to the oil-producing countries in the Middle East. However, in recent years, the main force of immigrants and smugglers in the Middle East has become Iraqis. In Syria, Jordan and other countries, a large number of Iraqi refugees poured in, some Iraqis simply fled to the United States, and some routes were more complicated, from Iraq to Sweden via Turkey, Italy and Central European countries.

　　The sectarian conflict and the deteriorating domestic situation in Iraq are the main reasons for the large number of Iraqis fleeing, and some people are looking for a better job.

　　The refugees who escaped from Iraq also had a hard time. The indifference of the people in other Gulf countries, the high unemployment rate in neighboring Syria, and the strict censorship in Sweden and the United States all gave them a headache.

(Editor: Wang Huimian)

1905 movie network news The film was released today, featuring powerful actors Dong Liu Hu, Cheng Yuanyuan, Li Zixiong, Ai Liya, etc., and presenting the current entrepreneurial story to the audience. The seven highlights of the film, from the theme, lineup and quality to the social significance conveyed by the film, comprehensively analyze the arduous road of starting a business in Wechat business.

Aspect 1: Focusing on the theme of Wechat business’s entrepreneurial story for the first time is expected.

The first cinema film "Big Wechat business" focusing on the theme of Wechat business tells the story of Liang Tian, an entrepreneurial youth, who is determined to forge ahead and transform from e-commerce to Wechat business through self-employment. From the perspective of ordinary entrepreneurs, the film interprets Eliza’s unusual entrepreneurial experience and shows the growth trajectory of Wechat business’s individuals in a panoramic view. After several ups and downs, Eliza still adhered to his faith and the principle of doing business in good faith, personally guided Wechat business entrepreneurs to establish a correct outlook on life and values, inspired Wechat business groups to make progress and bravely pursue their dreams, and paid tribute to the strugglers in the new era.

Aspect 2: mass entrepreneurship and innovation "entrepreneurship" has become a hot spot on the screen.

After the reform and opening up, the Internet industry in China has developed rapidly and has far-reaching influence. With the advent of the era of national entrepreneurship, the theme of entrepreneurship has also become the darling of film and television creation. Wechat business chose Wechat business as the breakthrough point, and used focus plane to show the arduous road of starting a business from the real economy to e-commerce and then transforming Wechat business. It can not only reflect the changing reality of e-commerce entrepreneurship, but also respond to the call of the times of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation".

Aspect 3: Old drama bones Li Zixiong and Ai Liya joined in to help "Great Wechat business"

In "Big Wechat business", Li Zixiong plays Eliza’s "Bole" boss. Ai Liya, a veteran actor, plays Eliza’s mother-in-law. In the filming process, the two opera bones not only set high standards for themselves, but also "preached and dispelled doubts" for the young actors in the group and shared valuable experiences. It is expected that a group of powerful actors will compete on the same stage.

Li Zixiong has created many classic characters, such as "Big Brother Cheng" and "Xi Rong". At the age of 27, he won the Best New Actor Award at the Hong Kong Film Awards for "The True Color of Heroes" and became one of the representatives of classic Hong Kong film villains. He has also been nominated for the Best Supporting Actor Award at the Hong Kong Film Awards and the Best Supporting Actor Award at the Taiwan Golden Horse Awards. In The Great Wechat business, Li Zixiong took off the label of "villain" and became a good boss of China, which was a surprise.

Ai Liya, the winner of the Golden Rooster Award and the China Watch Award, has successfully portrayed the roles of Bai Yufen in "The Big House Gate" and Mrs. Lou in "The Punisher of the Great Song Dynasty". I believe that the addition of Lao Xigu will add color to the film.

　

Aspect 4: Powerful actors Dong Liu Hu and Cheng Yuanyuan show empathy.

In the film "Big Wechat business", Dong Liu Hu plays Eliza, an entrepreneurial youth, and Cheng Yuanyuan plays Meng Rou, Eliza’s wife. She is a supporter of Eliza’s cause and a guide.

Dong Liu Hu, a powerful actor, was deeply loved by the audience for his roles in the self-made solo drama "Ugly Woman Invincible" by Hunan Satellite TV and the dynasty in "Young Bao Qingtian II". Eliza, the male actor in this film, is a promising young man. Determined to make progress, he wholeheartedly led the villagers to get rich together and finally realized his dream. Cheng Yuanyuan, an acting actor, was nominated as the best actor in Changchun International Film Festival for her role of Gu Qianqian in the new version of A Dream of Red Mansions. This time, their joint performance of the movie "Big Wechat business" has attracted a lot of discussion and attention.

Aspect 5: A team of thousands of people waded through the mountains just to restore the most authentic Wechat business.

The film "Big Wechat business" was filmed and produced by Hunan Film Channel, and the behind-the-scenes team crossed four provinces of Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangdong and Guangxi, trekking 5,000 kilometers. The 95-minute film works include the hard work of the creative team, including more than 120 professional photographers and 976 group performers, day and night. The attitude of striving for perfection behind filming is the basic attitude of entrepreneurs in this era and the attitude of every micro-businessman. Just like the theme expressed in the film, the industrious spirit of contemporary entrepreneurs, which is the same day and night, will deeply impress the audience.

Aspect 6: Wechat business’s inclusion in the e-commerce law "Greater Wechat business" responds to the call of the times

With the implementation of the "Electronic Commerce Law of the People’s Republic of China" on January 1st this year, more and more people began to pay attention to the industries in Wechat business. The film "Big Wechat business" was released under such an opportunity, which not only showed the audience the micro-businessmen with positive energy values, but also set a benchmark for young entrepreneurs in combination with the background of the implementation of national legislation, tore off the label of "three noes" for Wechat business, and made the rights and interests of consumers more secure. As the film’s release approaches, it is believed that it will surely lead Wechat business forward, encourage entrepreneurs to pursue their dreams bravely, and lead every ordinary person to contribute to the realization of the Chinese dream.

Aspect 7: "Great Wechat business" triggered a heated discussion in society to promote the positive energy of the Chinese dream "We are all dream catchers"

In the tide of the times when the country advocates "mass entrepreneurship and innovation", countless ordinary people realize their own values and spiritual pursuits through Wechat business’s entrepreneurship. As soon as The Great Wechat business was released, it triggered a heated discussion in the society, presenting the audience with the real road to entrepreneurship of contemporary youth through a unique perspective. The positive energy values exported by the film will also lead Wechat business to keep advancing, encourage entrepreneurs to bravely pursue their dreams, and become a bright light to illuminate young entrepreneurs. As Eliza said in the film: "We have the responsibility to make the 50 million micro-businessmen have a more sense of mission and positive energy, and realize our Chinese dream together."

The movie "Big Wechat business" has landed in the national cinema today.

Since its launch last month, Zhiji LS6 has gained extensive attention in the industry due to its leading edge in high-end intelligence. On October 20th, we were fortunate to test drive this peak masterpiece in Nanjing Ginkgo Lake Park. This Zhiji LS6 "smart driving" experience can be described as textbook level. With the blessing of Zhiji’s "Future Smart Cabin" series of leading intelligent technologies, Zhiji LS6 focuses on the pain points of urban commuting scenes to create "Super Smart Driving 6th Space". With unprecedented immersive scene-based intelligent test driving space and tailor-made challenges, we set up "smarter ‘6’ AI smart driving maze experience area", "high-performance ‘6’ performance driving control experience area", and in-depth experience of Zhiji LS6 "Future Smart Cabin", "Quasi-900V Super Performance Platform" and "International Fan Design".

The most intelligent test drive in history

At a time when traditional SUV performance tests are cookie-cutter, how can the test drive activities be innovative? As the "strongest 6 series in history", for the Zhiji LS6, the performance test is only the basic operation, and the intelligent peak experience is the core competitiveness of the Zhiji LS6.

In order to deeply experience the high-level intelligence of Zhiji LS6, Zhiji LS6 has created a super smart driving sixth space, pioneered the new gameplay of "AI smart driving maze", simulated the typical road conditions, traffic and people flow in big cities, and deeply experienced the future smart cabin in the commuter meta-universe. It has the ultimate performance experience and comprehensive driving control experience. It comprehensively tests the strength of the "strongest 6 series in history" and sets the industry benchmark with the "most intelligent and fun test drive in history". People have to be amazed by the all-round caring ability of this future smart cabin.

The big screen can understand

Can you imagine that a car can still drive normally when the front and rear glass, windows and rearview mirrors are all black? The Zhiji LS6 easily passes the test in the "Ultimate Blindfold Challenge" in the dynamic test drive. With the blessing of the "Global Digital Vision Blindfold" function, the Zhiji LS6 can easily pass in narrow and complex road conditions in the state of full blindness, with the powerful assistance of Zhiji’s original global digital vision blinding and traditional 360 panoramic images.

When you are driving in the city streets and encounter sudden heavy rain, don’t worry, the rainy night mode of Zhiji LS6 is ready to escort you in the scene of extremely poor visibility. Whether it is the safety blind spot or the fog blocking of the rearview mirror, you can use Zhiji’s global digital vision to make up for the blindness, as if one eye is lit in the dark, so that you can drive with confidence and boldness.

Super practical one-click AI driving

In the dynamic test drive, complex parking spaces, narrow alleys and other areas were set up on the test drive site to comprehensively test the practicality of Zhiji LS6’s one-button parking, one-button escape, one-button welt, and one-button tracking functions.

When you drive into a congested street, the only parking space is narrow, and the distance between the front and rear cars is limited, it can’t help but make people feel anxious. At this time, Zhiji LS6 is the best intimate little assistant. The functions of "one-click parking" and "one-click escape" can let you relax your hands, feet and mood, and leave all the problems to it to complete. When you accidentally get into a dead end and can’t turn around, "one-click tracking" will let you no longer worry. Zhiji LS6 has the strongest brain and can automatically remember the path of 50m distance, take you out of trouble smoothly, and return to the spacious and safe road surface to continue flying.

How about it, this is the absolute advantage of Zhiji LS6! When many new energy manufacturers are still thinking about "what a really easy-to-use smart car should look like in the state of human-machine co-driving", Zhiji LS6 has taken the lead in proofing – with "serving the driver" as the core, through intelligent technologies such as global digital vision blinding and one-click AI driving, it not only easily solves the road’s right-turn blind spot to rush out of electric vehicles, blurred rearview mirrors on rainy nights, stickers that are too difficult to worry about scratching, and narrow parking spaces that cannot be driven out. "Open the eyes of the left hand, and get the last meter of the road with the right hand", but also bring fresh and interesting AI interactive experiences such as SHUA and Zhiji generative large models. No matter the present or the future, the LS6 will be a smart car that is easy to use, easy to drive, fun, and worth closing your eyes to.

Source: Correspondent, Feng Yue

Editor: Ding Yi

Proofreading: Xiong Xiangning

Review: Cang Shujun

Legend of Xuanyuan Huangdi

Representative projects of municipal intangible cultural heritage

The legend of Xuanyuan Huangdi is a legend about Xuanyuan Huangdi, the "ancestor of humanity" in China, which is widely spread in Pinggu area based on the tomb hill of Shandong Zhuang village in Shandong Zhuang town and its nearby Xuanyuan Temple. Typical legends include The Legend of Hanquan War and The Story of the Dragon Lying.

The legend of the Yellow Emperor in Xuanyuan is not only a long and rich witness in Beijing, but also expresses the memory and reverence of the descendants of the Yellow Emperor for their ancestors.

Renyi Hutong Legend

Representative projects of municipal intangible cultural heritage

The legend of Renyi Hutong is based on Renyi Hutong in Heping Street Village, Pinggu Town, Pinggu District. The story originated in the Ming Dynasty, when the Jin family and Ni family separated by a wall had a dispute because of the collapse of the courtyard wall after the rain. In the end, each family gave way to a wall to form a five-foot wide alley, which provided convenience for pedestrians.

The spirit of humility and comity contained in the legend of Renyi Hutong has been widely circulated among the people and has influenced it to this day.

Beixinzhuang village stilt yangko

Representative projects of municipal intangible cultural heritage

The stilt yangko in Beixinzhuang Village is a folk flower show in Beixinzhuang Village, Wangxinzhuang Town, Pinggu District. It was founded in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and it is an art form that combines traditional dances and folk songs in northern rural areas. Twelve stilt performers play different roles, hold different props, and perform different dance moves because of their different characters. The folk name is "Twelve demon fairy", which shows the life of Yu Qiao.

The stilt yangko music in Beixinzhuang village has some Buddhist music rhythms in the local yangko tunes, which has the characteristics of ancient style and rhyme. His representative works include heavenly god blesses the people and Five Ha Ha.

　 　Since its launch in 2020, Haval Big Dog has opened up a new category of SUV with "3/4 scale" and "light off-road" in the market. The two "locks" of the four-wheel drive model are composed of a central limited slip differential and a rear axle electronically controlled mechanical jaw differential lock, which can realize 100% torque output between wheels on both sides of the rear axle.

　Intelligent electronic control 4-drive system can operate at -40℃— In the extreme environment of 120℃, millisecond torque distribution response, intelligent and dynamic torque distribution characteristics, instantaneous response with the change of vehicle working conditions, and improvement of vehicle driving comfort and flexibility. In 2024, Haval Big Dog was upgraded to eight driving modes, adding grass/gravel and concave-convex road modes, which allowed driving to cover multiple scenes and easily cross complex road conditions such as country roads, rugged mountain roads and river valleys and streams.　　

　 　 　 On the basis of continuing the classic square shape of Harvard Big Dog in design, the 2024 Harvard Big Dog is optimized in details to inject a more agile atmosphere into the new car. The newly designed "Eye of the Earth" round LED headlights give people a deeper impression. The newly designed "Sky Light" penetrating rear taillight has a more integrated design. "Shield of the Rock" through air intake grille takes the rock as the core, and cooperates with the brand-new standard, and the middle net and headlights are integrated.

　 　 　The 2024 Haval Big Dog is still equipped with two power combinations for consumers to choose from. The latest generation of 2.0T engine is matched with the 9DCT wet dual-clutch gearbox developed by Great Wall. The maximum power is increased to 175kW and the maximum torque is increased to 385 N m.

　　The 1.5T version of the 2024 Haval Dog adopts the power combination of 1.5GDIT engine and 7 DCT wet powershift. The maximum power of the 1.5T engine is 135kW, and the peak torque of generate is 275N·m at 1500rpm. 7DCT wet powershift controls more smoothly and shifts more quickly.

　 The 2024 Harvard Big Dog has also been improved in its intelligent configuration. The newly added driving mode memory function can keep the driving mode before the vehicle is turned off after starting the vehicle. The multifunctional exterior rearview mirror has the functions of heating, automatic folding and lighting, which is more convenient to operate. Optional HWA high-speed driving assistance function, with intelligent cruise, changing lanes by shifting lever, overtaking (changing lanes by pressing speed), intelligent assistance package and other functional highlights.