[News] With the gradual opening of road test, can autonomous driving be far behind? Not long ago, the country issued the specifications of road test related to intelligent driving, and Shanghai, Fujian, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Changchun, Changsha and other places have also issued relevant road test rules one after another, but only Beijing, Shanghai and Chongqing issued the number plate for road test. Among them, Shanghai was the earliest. On March 1 this year, Shanghai issued a road test number plate to SAIC. Chongqing has the most. On April 18th, Chongqing issued license plates to seven companies: Baidu, Guangzhou Automobile, Geely and Beiqi. Beijing’s latest, during the auto show, Beijing just announced that Weilai won the number plate (Beijing had previously issued a number plate to Baidu). Taking advantage of the east wind, let’s take a look at the progress of these car companies that have obtained number plates in the field of intelligent driving.

Beiqi New Energy: Releasing "Darwin System"

　　BAIC New Energy, which just got the number plate, released the vehicle artificial intelligence system "Darwin" at this auto show. British biologist Darwin’s theory of evolution has a basic view: evolution has no direction and no end. Correspondingly, the Darwin system can also realize continuous self-learning and growth. In the future, BAIC New Energy will carry up to 546 chips on a bicycle to handle data requirements, and upgrade the OTA (over-the-air program) of the whole vehicle.

　　As the pioneering work of "Darwin System", BAIC new energy EU5 was officially listed at Beijing Auto Show. The vehicle model integrates 10 intelligent driving assistance devices and technologies, including lane departure warning, pedestrian collision warning, vehicle collision warning, automatic emergency braking and other auxiliary driving technologies. With EMD 3.0 intelligent electric drive technology, it can accurately monitor driving safety and correct the path in real time.

　　BAIC New Energy mainly cooperates with Baidu, Bosch and Harman in the field of automatic driving to realize the research and development of intelligent driving functions including ADAS intelligent assisted driving system, L3 automatic driving, intelligent cockpit monitoring and parking service. Among them, the intelligent cockpit system with multiple application scenarios will be fully equipped on the models listed in 2018-2020.

　　The road to autonomous driving BAIC New Energy will also rely on the strength of BAIC Group. According to the plan, BAIC Group’s vehicles will be Baidu’s open platform, and L3 self-driving vehicles will be mass-produced around 2019, and L4 self-driving vehicles will be mass-produced around 2021. The driverless plan of BAIC New Energy may also be promoted according to this.

Weilai: the only car company that got the number plates of two places.

　　Consistent with the new energy qualification review, the choice of intelligent driving license plate is also more inclined to traditional car companies at present. Among the eight car companies that have obtained road test license plates in various provinces and cities, only Weilai Automobile is a new car company, and it is also the only passenger car company that has obtained license plates in Beijing and Shanghai.

　　At this auto show, Weilai booth was particularly popular. Apart from the car itself, the on-board artificial intelligence system "NOMI" is also eye-catching. Based on the powerful on-board computing capability and cloud computing platform, it integrates a voice interaction system and an intelligent emotion engine, which can talk with people, automatically adjust the temperature inside the car, automatically purify the air inside the car, and help car owners take selfies.

　　As an emerging car company, Weilai has been committed to intelligent driving research and development. In the ES8, the first model of Weilai released at the end of 2017, the automatic assisted driving system NIO was equipped. In the scheme of perception system, there is a three-eye camera, four panoramic cameras, five millimeter-wave radars, 12 ultrasonic sensors and a driving state detection camera. It can achieve more than 20 core capabilities such as adaptive cruise, high-speed automatic assisted driving, congestion automatic driving, automatic road maintenance, parking assistance, automatic parking, active vehicle call and fatigue warning.

　　Weilai mainly cooperates with leye, NVIDIA and NXP in the field of intelligent driving. At present, a large number of automatic driving function tests have been completed, including simulation tests and closed road tests. At the same time, Weilai launched the open road test plan in California, Beijing, China and Shanghai. According to the plan, Weilai will release vehicles with L4-level automatic driving capability in 2020.

Saic: zebra intelligent system welcomes version 3.0.

　　As a car company that proposed "Internet car" earlier, on the eve of this auto show, the Marvel X, a brand-new pure electric vehicle of SAIC, officially made its debut. It is reported that the car is equipped with AR augmented reality technology, version 3.0 Internet car zebra intelligent system, all-round intelligent welcome system, as well as wireless charging, automatic parking and parking functions.

　　SAIC has a long history in the field of intelligent driving. When it was launched in 2015, it already had intelligent driving assistance function. When the speed is 60-120 kilometers per hour, it can realize automatic cruising, automatic car following, lane keeping, lane changing and autonomous overtaking. In the field of new energy, both Roewe ERX5 and Roewe ERX 5 are equipped with zebra Zhixing system, which can realize the above intelligent driving assistance function. Not long before the auto show, SAIC announced that the upgrade of Zebra Zhixing System 2.0 on Roewe ERX5 will be started, and users can enjoy the OTA upgrade service for free. At that time, users will receive download prompts and updates, including maps, voice and HMI. All interfaces will be updated.

　　In the field of intelligence, SAIC mainly cooperates with Ali. As early as July 2014, the two sides signed a strategic cooperation agreement and formally established Zebra Zhixing Company, which is committed to providing the overall solution of Internet vehicles for the entire automobile industry. At present, it has been applied to a number of SAIC models. At the same time, SAIC also obtained California’s autopilot test license in 2017 to conduct autopilot road test work in the United States.

Chang ‘an: L2 technology will be launched.

　　Since the "Shangri-La" plan was released last year, Changan Automobile has made frequent moves in the fields of electrification and intelligence. At this auto show, Changan presented a new generation of CS75, which is equipped with Changan APA4.0 parking service system, which can realize the functions of active parking search, one-button parking inside the car, remote parking outside the car, etc. In addition, Foreign Minister Anxin CS75 is also equipped with Bosch’s new generation AEB early warning auxiliary braking, LCDA intelligence, LDW lane departure warning and many other intelligent driving assistance functions.

　　At the same time, the CS55-IACC version of Changan Automobile will be launched soon, which is equipped with IACC integrated adaptive cruise technology and has reached the L2 level of automatic driving. IACC adopts multi-sensor integration technology, integrates millimeter-wave radar, multi-function camera and navigation map, perceives the driving road environment, and controls the automatic acceleration, deceleration and steering of the vehicle through power, braking and steering, so as to keep the vehicle in the lane or follow the track of the target vehicle in front.

　　The driverless test of Changan Automobile started two years ago. As early as 2016, Changan driverless car arrived in Beijing safely from Chongqing in five days and completed the 2000km driverless test; In November 2017, Changan Automobile obtained the California road test driverless car test license.

　　In the field of autonomous driving, Changan Automobile currently mainly adopts the form of cooperation with other enterprises, and has signed contracts with many enterprises such as Weilai, Baidu, Intel, Alibaba and Tencent. But at the same time, Changan is also doing independent research and development, which will be gradually applied when the technology is mature.

FAW: At present, no action has been implemented in the field of automatic driving.

　　Among many license plate car companies, the specific implementation of FAW’s automatic driving in the passenger car field is the most mysterious. At the auto show, FAW exhibited FAW, and the official pointed out that its main theme is "Yan value+intelligence" and it will be listed in 2018. But so far, no further details about the field of intelligent driving have been released, except that the car is equipped with 4G network and has HMI platform.

　　As early as April 2015, FAW Group released a complete intelligent interconnection strategy-"Zhitu". According to the plan, by 2020, FAW will gradually carry L3-class automatic driving on a series of products in terms of intelligence; In terms of informatization, combined with the comprehensive application of 5G, a perfect V2X system is established to improve driving safety and traffic efficiency. By 2025, FAW will realize the serialization of L4 self-driving products in terms of intelligence; In terms of informationization, based on the big data of the Internet of Things, we will integrate social travel resources and establish a high-quality mobile travel service ecosystem.

　　In the field of intelligent driving, FAW chose Tencent as its small partner. In April this year, Tencent and FAW formally signed a strategic cooperation framework agreement, and the two sides will build intelligent networked products based on Tencent Car’s "AI in Car" intelligent solution.

Dongfeng: Launching Link3.0 System

　　During the Beijing Auto Show, the eπ concept car, a new energy concept, was launched on the Dongfeng booth. It can obtain the optimal path planning, provide remote medical treatment, interact with family members in real time, assist users to pay attention to hot spots along the way in real time, and provide real-time travel with real-time interconnection positioning and automatic greeting technology between cars and people.

　　In addition to the vehicle model display, it also brought the WindLink3.0 artificial intelligence vehicle system display, which was jointly built by dongfeng fengshen, Baidu and Botai, and realized the functions of one-button navigation, one-button positioning, peripheral search, interest point search, off-line navigation and so on through voice interaction. In addition, it can remotely control the doors, windows, air conditioners and so on through the mobile App, and monitor the vehicle condition in real time. This system will be carried on passenger cars in dongfeng fengshen which will be launched this year, and will cover all product series in the next three years.

　　Dongfeng’s layout in the field of intelligent driving has been started since 2013, and it has been technically equipped on mass-produced vehicles in dongfeng fengshen. It has successively launched A60 intelligent prototype in 2013, AX7 intelligent prototype 1.0 in 2014 and AX7 intelligent driving prototype 2.0 in 2017, and completed the engineering and industrialization of new technologies such as automatic parking and intelligent assisted driving. In the field of driverless driving, Dongfeng plans to mass-produce driverless cars by 2020, but it will be used in special fields and commercial fields first.

Guangzhou Automobile Co., Ltd.: In 2019, L4-class autopilot demonstration operation will be realized.

　　Guangzhou Automobile mainly focuses on new energy in the field of intelligent driving. At this auto show, the first new energy concept car developed for the North American market was released. Although Guangzhou Automobile did not describe this model in the field of automatic driving, its window did not choose traditional glass material, but it can be integrated with the door when it is closed, which means that the window is opaque and the car can’t be seen outside, so it is judged that the main control mode designed for the Enverge concept car is automatic driving.

　　GAC mainly cooperates with Huawei, Tencent, Ali, Cisco China and Didi Chuxing in the field of autonomous driving, and will cooperate in the fields of cloud computing, car networking, intelligent driving, new energy vehicles, big data applications and travel services. According to GAC’s new energy plan, the future is not only to launch new energy vehicles, but more importantly, smart cars. The company plans to realize the demonstration operation of L4-level highly automatic driving in 2019, and gradually upgrade to L5-level fully automatic driving.

Geely: mainly relying on its own strength for research and development.

　　At the Beijing Auto Show in 2018, Geely brought GKUI in-vehicle system, which is a deeply customized in-vehicle system based on Android system, and supports many functions such as car networking, car-machine interconnection, navigation, multimedia, third-party App, etc. The system has been used in Geely’s various models.

　　The use of the above functions is still in the state of car networking. Geely has not yet equipped with intelligent driving including related auxiliary functions, but it has technical reserves. At present, the models on sale have relied on ACC adaptive cruise system and completed the initial prototype of automatic driving. Starting this year, Geely’s models will be equipped with car networking technology, and intelligent driving assistance functions such as automatic parking will be carried one after another.

　　Different from other experts, Geely’s autonomous driving field, like the Internet of Vehicles, mainly relies on its own strength for software and hardware development. It is reported that there are currently 600 teams for hardware development and 400 teams for software development. According to Geely’s plan, it is predicted that L3 system with high automatic driving ability will be realized in 2020, and L4 system with fully intelligent automatic driving will be realized in 2024.

Full text summary:

　　Undoubtedly, intelligent driving must be the future direction. According to the feedback from car companies, more and more vehicles equipped with intelligent driving assistance functions will be launched in the next year or two, mostly with L2 level. At the user level, the biggest experience lies in voice recognition, automatic parking, etc. Most cars with L3/L4 level tend to appear around 2025, while the higher L5 level is still far away from the legal level and car company planning for the time being. But in the long run, multi-screen, driverless, and canceling the steering wheel are the future trends. In addition, from the perspective of cost, according to car companies, with the improvement of automatic driving level in the short term, the cost is still rising, but after reaching an order of magnitude, the cost will decline. (Text/car home Zhang Wei)

Article 22 An invention or utility model for which a patent right is granted shall be novel, creative and practical.
Novelty means that no identical invention or utility model has been published in domestic and foreign publications, used in China or known to the public in other ways before the application date, and no identical invention or utility model has been applied to the patent administration department of the State Council by others and recorded in the patent application documents published after the application date.
Creativity means that compared with the existing technology before the filing date, the invention has outstanding substantive features and remarkable progress, and the utility model has substantive features and progress.
Practicality means that the invention or utility model can be manufactured or used and can produce positive effects.
[Interpretation] This article provides the essential requirements for inventions and utility models for which patents are granted.
1. According to the provisions of this article, inventions and utility models granted patent rights must be novel, creative and practical, which is commonly called the "three characteristics" of patents. This is a norm generally adopted by patent laws in various countries, and it is also a norm confirmed by the Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organization.
Second, the second paragraph of this article defines the meaning of "novelty", that is, no identical invention or utility model has been published in domestic and foreign publications before the filing date, used publicly in China or known to the public in other ways, and no identical invention or utility model has been filed with the patent administration department of the State Council by others and recorded in the patent application documents published after the filing date. Includes three meanings:
1. The time limit for judging whether there is novelty is based on the filing date of the patent application. This is also the standard stipulated in the patent laws of most countries in the world. According to the relevant provisions of this law, the date when the patent administrative department of the State Council receives the patent application documents is the filing date. If the application documents are mailed, the postmark date sent shall be the application date. Where priority is enjoyed, it refers to the priority date. Inventions and utility models for which patents are applied are new technologies, that is, they are novel, as long as they are not available in the prior art or are not known to the public. Existing technology refers to the technical content that the public can know before the application date. The technical content in a confidential state is not known to the public, so it does not belong to the existing technology.
2. To judge whether it is novel, whether the invention or utility model for which the patent is applied has been made public and become known technology shall prevail. Where the same invention or utility model has not been publicly published in domestic and foreign publications, publicly used in China or known to the public in other ways before the filing date, it meets the requirements of novelty. The "same invention or utility model" mentioned here means that the technical fields and purposes are the same, the technical solutions are essentially the same, and the expected effects are the same. The "publicity" mentioned in this article includes: (1) publication publicity. Refers to the fact that the same invention has been recorded in official publications. The geographical scope of publication is the whole world, including both domestic and foreign countries. Before the filing date, as long as any publication in the world has published the same invention and creation, the invention and creation is not novel. Publications include all kinds of patent documents, magazines, books, academic papers, textbooks, technical manuals, etc., as well as all kinds of microfilms, films, photographic negatives, tapes, records, CDs, etc. made by means of electricity, light and photography. Publications are not limited by geographical location, language or acquisition method, nor by age. For some publications marked with the words "internal publications", if confidentiality is required within a specific scope, they are not public publications. (2) Use publicity,It refers to the disclosure of the technology to the public due to the application of this technology, such as the manufacture, sale, use, public display and performance of new products. The scope of public use is limited to China. (3) otherwise known to the public. This mainly refers to other public ways that can be known to the public. Including oral publicity, such as reports, seminars, radio or television broadcasts, etc., which can make the public know the technical content. The scope of this public way is also limited to China.
3. Whether the same invention or utility model has been filed by others and recorded in the patent document, which is customarily called "conflicting application". Since only one patent right can be granted for an invention-creation, if someone else has filed an application for the same invention or utility model with the patent administration department of the State Council before the filing date, and it is recorded in the patent application documents published after the filing date, that is, in case of conflicting application, in order to avoid repeated authorization of the same invention or utility model patent application, the invention or utility model applied for first is regarded as the existing technology of the invention or utility model applied for later, and the latter application is not novel.
Third, the third paragraph of this article stipulates the meaning of "creativity", that is, compared with the existing technology before the filing date, the invention has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress, and the utility model has substantive characteristics and progress. The "existing technology" mentioned here refers to the technology that was publicly published in domestic and foreign publications, publicly used in China or known to the public in other ways before the application date, that is, the existing technology.
1. To judge whether an invention for which a patent is applied meets the criteria of creativity is whether the invention has "outstanding substantive characteristics" and "remarkable progress". The "outstanding substantive features" mentioned here means that the invention has obvious essential differences compared with the prior art, which is not obvious to the ordinary technical personnel in the technical field to which the invention belongs. He cannot directly obtain all the necessary technical features of the invention from the prior art, nor can he obtain them through logical analysis, reasoning or experiment. If the invention can be obtained in the above way, the invention does not have outstanding substantive characteristics. The "remarkable progress" mentioned here means that from the technical effect of the invention, it has made great progress compared with the existing technology. Including: (1) the invention has solved the technical problems that people have been eager to solve, but they have never been successful; (2) The invention overcame the technical prejudice; (3) The invention has achieved unexpected technical effects; (4) The invention was a commercial success.
2. To judge whether a utility model for which a patent is applied meets the creative standards, the requirements are lower than those for invention patents, as long as the utility model has substantial characteristics and progress, and it is not required to be "prominent" or "remarkable".
Four, the fourth paragraph of this article defines the meaning of "practicality", which means that the invention or utility model can be manufactured or used, and can produce positive effects. Includes the following meanings:
1. It can be manufactured. As a technical scheme of invention or utility model, it should be achievable, that is, if the purpose of the invention is to manufacture a product, then the product must be manufactured according to the technical scheme of the invention.
2. be able to use it. As an invention or utility model, the technical scheme must be able to be implemented. If the invention is a technological method, it should be used in industrial production.
3. It can produce positive effects. Compared with the prior art, the economic, technical and social effects of the invention or utility model should be positive and beneficial. Inventions or utility models that are obviously useless, divorced from social needs, seriously pollute the environment, seriously waste energy or resources, and harm personal health are not practical.
4. It must be reproducible. As a technical scheme, the invention or utility model should be realized repeatedly. That is, technicians in the technical field can repeatedly implement the technical scheme adopted in the patent application to achieve its purpose according to the disclosed technical content. If it is a product, it should be able to be manufactured repeatedly; if it is a method, it should be able to be used repeatedly.

Article 23. The design for which the patent right is granted shall be different from or similar to the design that has been publicly published in domestic and foreign publications or publicly used in China before the filing date, and shall not conflict with the legal rights previously obtained by others.
[Interpretation] This article is about the requirements for granting a patent right to a design.
First, the design should be novel. That is, it is different from and not similar to the design that has been published in domestic and foreign publications or used publicly in China before the application date. The scope of its publication is domestic and foreign, and the scope of its public use is domestic. The "public use" mentioned here means that there is no identical physical object for public sale or use before the application date. Therefore, in terms of novelty, it is the same as the standard of invention and utility model.
Second, the design should be creative. That is, it is not the same as or similar to the existing design. "Different" here means different products and different designs. Different products mean that the uses and functions of products are not exactly the same. Different designs mean different shapes, patterns and colors. It should be pointed out that the same design, when used in different products, should not be considered as the same appearance design.
Three, shall not conflict with the legal rights obtained by others in advance. Here, "the legal rights obtained in advance" refers to the legal rights that others have obtained before the designer applies for a patent. This prior right mainly refers to: trademark right, copyright (mainly refers to art works), portrait right and so on. Because design refers to a new design that is aesthetically pleasing to the shape, pattern, color or their combination of products and is suitable for industrial application, it is easy to conflict with trademark rights, copyright and other rights. Therefore, legal provisions shall not conflict with these rights. That is, if someone else has obtained the above legal rights in advance, the applicant for a patent for design shall not obtain a patent right for the design of the product with these trademarks and works of art. This provision is a new addition to this revision of the Patent Law, with the purpose of avoiding conflicts of rights, causing disputes and harming the interests of those who have previously obtained legal rights.

Article 24 An invention-creation applying for a patent shall not lose its novelty in any of the following circumstances within six months before the date of filing:
(1) It was exhibited for the first time at an international exhibition sponsored or recognized by the China Municipal Government;
(2) It was first published at a specified academic or technical conference;
(three) others disclose the contents of the applicant without the consent of the applicant.
[Interpretation] This article is about the exception that the disclosure of inventions and creations does not lose novelty.
1. According to the provisions of Article 22 of this Law on the novelty of inventions and utility models, it is a basic principle that an invention for which a patent is applied will lose its novelty and cannot be patented if it has been made public before the date of application. But this basic principle is not absolute, and there are exceptions. The patent laws of many countries stipulate that the invention-creation can be disclosed without losing novelty within a certain period before the application date, that is, the so-called disclosure without losing novelty. This article is the patent law of our country’s disclosure of not losing novelty.
2. The time limit for publication without loss of novelty shall be within six months before the date of filing. This period is also called grace period, that is, within six months before the date of application, the application will not lose its novelty if the circumstances stipulated in this law occur. If you file a patent application after this time limit, it will no longer be novel and should not be granted a patent right.
Three, no loss of novelty, the provisions of this article are three:
1. It was exhibited for the first time at an international exhibition sponsored or recognized by the government of China. Including two meanings: First, it must be an international exhibition sponsored or recognized by the China government. International exhibitions hosted by the government of China include international exhibitions hosted by various departments in the State Council or the State Council or organized by other organs or local governments with the approval of the State Council. International exhibitions recognized by China government are those held at home and abroad, which are not held by China government, but are recognized by China government. Second, it must be an international exhibition, that is, besides the products of the host country, there should also be exhibits from foreign countries. Inventions and creations exhibited in international exhibitions that are not sponsored by the China government or recognized by the China government will no longer be novel.
2. It was first published at a specified academic conference or technical conference. The "academic conference or technical conference" mentioned here has certain restrictions and must be "prescribed" with a certain scale and specifications. According to the detailed rules for the implementation of the Patent Law, it refers to an academic conference or technical conference organized by the relevant competent authorities in the State Council or national academic organizations. It does not include academic conferences or technical conferences organized by ministries or commissions of the State Council or national societies. Inventions and creations published for the first time at academic conferences or technical conferences that meet the above requirements shall not lose their novelty.
3. Others disclose the contents without the consent of the applicant. That is, the disclosure of others against the applicant’s original intention. The ways for others to disclose the contents of their inventions and creations without the consent of the applicant may include: others disclose the contents of the applicant’s inventions and creations without complying with the express or implied confidentiality obligations; Others use threats, fraud, theft, espionage and other improper means to learn the content of the invention and creation from the inventor or any other person who has been told by him and then make it public. The disclosure of these two cases is against the applicant’s original intention and is illegal.

Article 25 No patent right shall be granted for the following items:
(1) scientific discoveries;
(2) Rules and methods of intellectual activities;
(3) Methods of diagnosis and treatment of diseases;
(4) Species of animals and plants;
(5) substances obtained by nuclear transformation.
A patent right may be granted to the production method of the products listed in Item (4) of the preceding paragraph in accordance with the provisions of this Law.
[Interpretation] This article is about the provisions on the results of intellectual activities that do not grant patent rights.
First, the purpose of establishing a patent system is to protect the achievements of intellectual activities within the legal scope. Inventions and creations that are novel, creative and practical, and meet other conditions stipulated in the patent law, belong to intellectual achievements protected by patents, and can be patented according to law. At the same time, according to the provisions of this article, the achievements of the following kinds of intellectual activities do not belong to the scope of patent protection and no patent right shall be granted:
1. Scientific discovery. It refers to the discovery and understanding of unknown substances, phenomena, changing processes, their characteristics and laws that have objectively existed in nature. These inventions and understandings are not a technical solution in themselves, not inventions in the sense of patent law, and cannot be directly implemented to solve specific technical problems in a certain field, so they cannot be granted patent rights.
2. Rules and methods of intellectual activities. It refers to people’s thinking movement, which is an abstract thing and a means or process for people’s brain to carry out spiritual and intelligent activities. It only guides people to think, judge and remember the information they express, and it does not need to adopt technical means or abide by the laws of nature, and it does not have technical characteristics, so it cannot be granted a patent right. For example, traffic rules, dictionary arrangement methods, information retrieval methods, speed algorithms or formulas, rules and methods of various games and entertainment, and competition rules cannot be patented.
3. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases. It refers to the direct implementation of living human beings or animals for the purpose of treating diseases, which cannot be monopolized by a few people because it involves human health. The "diagnosis method of disease" mentioned here refers to the whole process of identifying, studying and determining the cause or focus state of living human or animal. The "treatment of diseases" mentioned here refers to the process of blocking, alleviating or eliminating the cause or focus in order to restore or obtain health for living human beings or animals. This kind of treatment or diagnosis method cannot be manufactured or used in industry, and it is not practical, so it cannot be patented. For example, ultrasonic diagnosis, acupuncture, anesthesia, massage and other treatment methods, surgical methods and so on. The TRIPS agreement also stipulates that members can exclude diagnostic methods, therapeutic methods and surgical methods for treating humans or animals from patentability.
4. Animal and plant varieties. Animal and plant varieties refer to new varieties of animals and plants cultivated by biological methods. Animals and plants are living objects, naturally generated, products of nature, not created by people, and cannot be produced by industrial methods, so they do not have creativity and usability in the sense of patent law, so they cannot be granted patent rights. However, animal and plant varieties can be protected by laws other than the patent law. In this regard, the TRIPS agreement stipulates that members should protect new plant varieties by patent system or effective special system, or by any combination system. For the protection of new plant varieties, many countries in the world have also formulated corresponding laws and regulations. In 1997, the State Council promulgated the Regulations on the Protection of New Plant Varieties in People’s Republic of China (PRC), which stipulated the definition of new plant varieties, the content and ownership of variety rights, and protected new plant varieties that met the regulations.
5. Substances obtained by nuclear transformation. Mainly refers to the use of accelerators, reactors and other nuclear reaction devices, through nuclear fission, nuclear fusion and other methods to obtain elements or compounds. Because the substances obtained by nuclear transformation are related to the great interests of the country’s economy, national defense, scientific research and public life, and are related to national security, it is not suitable for publicity, and most countries do not grant patents to such substances.
2. Patents may be granted for the production methods of animal and plant varieties in accordance with the provisions of this Law. The "production method" mentioned here refers to non-biological methods, excluding mainly biological methods for producing animals and plants. This kind of method can be granted a patent right because of the intervention of technical elements and the main control or decisive role in the ultimate goal or effect. Patents can be obtained for microorganisms and microbial methods.
        

　

　　　　Mercedes-Benz GL Class is the first full-size suv launched by Mercedes-Benz, and it is also the largest SUV of Mercedes-Benz so far. The domineering shape, exaggerated size, huge displacement and luxurious interior clearly show that it is a model for the American market. However, high-end SUVs also have considerable appeal in China. The launch of this model is a strong challenge for Land Rover Range Rover, Hummer and Lincoln Navigator, and only this "Big Mac" can truly deserve the title of "Big Ben".

　　　　Let’s take the Mercedes-Benz GL550 as an example, and take a look at its annual car cost.

　　　　

　　　　

　　　　The use cost we calculate includes fuel cost, insurance, vehicle and vessel use tax, vehicle inspection fee, maintenance fee, parking fee, beauty decoration fee, traffic fine, etc. Among the above expenses, vehicle and vessel use tax and vehicle inspection fee are fixed, but the difference lies in fuel cost, auto insurance (the types of insurance selected vary from person to person, and the rates of different insurance companies are also different) and maintenance cost. If the owner has been in the 4S shop for regular maintenance, the maintenance fee is basically fixed, and it also includes beauty decoration fee and other unforeseen expenses (such as parking fee, accidental maintenance fee and traffic fine). We can take the following calculation formula:

　　　　Car expense = fuel expense+vehicle use tax+auto insurance+maintenance expense+parking fee+unexpected expenses.

　　　　1. Fuel cost:According to Mercedes-Benz GL550, the official fuel consumption is 15.2L/100km. Of course, because the fuel consumption is closely related to the driving environment and the driver’s operating habits, your fuel consumption in actual use may be different from this. At present, the revised price in Beijing is 6.92 yuan/liter for No.93 gasoline and 7.30 yuan/liter for No.97 gasoline. The fuel label of Mercedes-Benz GL550 is No.97. According to the calculation of driving 20,000 kilometers a year, the fuel cost can be obtained as follows:

　　　　Average annual mileage ÷100× 100 km fuel consumption× fuel price =20000÷100×15.2×7.30=22,192 yuan

　　　　2. Vehicle and vessel use tax:The quota of provinces and cities in China is not consistent, taking 480 yuan/year as an example.

　　　　3. Auto insurance:In terms of auto insurance, the price fluctuates greatly due to different insurance items and companies. Take China Ping An Insurance as an example, the eight risks of new cars, including compulsory insurance, third-party liability insurance, vehicle loss insurance, vehicle theft insurance, glass breakage insurance, spontaneous combustion loss insurance, vehicle personnel liability insurance, excluding deductible loss insurance, and the premium of vehicles is 44,040.85 yuan.

　　　　4. Maintenance fee:In terms of maintenance, according to the sales staff in the store, the warranty period of Mercedes-Benz GL-class vehicles is two years and unlimited kilometers, and the daily maintenance cycle is 10,000 kilometers. The price of materials and working hours for minor maintenance (oil filter replacement, etc.) is about 2,000 yuan, and the general cost for major maintenance is about 3,000 yuan. The maintenance cost of Mercedes GL class is still very expensive. According to the calculation of driving 20,000 kilometers per year, the average annual maintenance cost is about 7,000 yuan.

　　　　

　　　　Note: There will be corresponding discounts on insurance fees. Car owners need to "shop around" when taking out insurance, and choose insurance companies with favorable prices and adequate services.

　　　　Description:Because the standard of working hours varies from place to place, and the price of spare parts will be different, the maintenance fee will be different in different regions.

　　　　5. Parking fee:The parking fee is calculated according to the monthly 100 yuan, which is 1,200 yuan in December. This expense is not small!

　　　　6. Unexpected expenses:This part is usually unpredictable, such as fines paid for violating traffic regulations, highway tolls, claims not covered by insurance and other unpredictable expenses. This part varies from person to person, so let’s call it 500 yuan for the time being.

　　　　Comprehensive above expensesThe annual car cost of Mercedes-Benz GL550 is:

　　　　Fuel cost+auto insurance+vehicle and vessel use tax+maintenance cost+parking fee+unexpected expenses = 22192+480+44040.85+7000+1200+500 =75412.85Yuan.

　　　　Then, the monthly car cost of Mercedes-Benz GL500 is: 22113÷12=6284.40 yuan

Important notice

Notice of the Office of Ordos Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Plan for ETC Development and Application of Ordos Toll Road

Efuban Power Generation [2019] No.12

People’s governments in various flag areas, departments of the Municipal People’s Government, directly affiliated units and major enterprises and institutions:

With the consent of the Municipal People’s Government, we hereby print and distribute the Implementation Plan for ETC Development and Application of Ordos Toll Road to you, please earnestly organize and implement it according to the actual situation.

Ordos Municipal People’s Government Office

September 27, 2019

Implementation scheme of ETC development and application of toll roads in Ordos City

According to the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Transportation Department, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Development and Reform Commission, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Finance Department, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Public Security Department, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Organs Administration Bureau, China People’s Bank Hohhot Central Sub-branch, Notice on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Plan for ETC Development and Application of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Expressway (No.403 [2019]), Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Plan for Deepening the Reform of Toll Road System and Cancelling Provincial Toll Stations of Expressway (Guo Ban Fa [2019] No.23), Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Transport on Vigorously Promoting the Development and Application of Expressway ETC (Assigned by Highway Mingdian [2019] No.45) and Notice of the General Office of the People’s Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Plan for Deepening the Reform of Toll Road System and Cancelling Provincial Toll Stations of Expressway (Internal Affairs Office Word)

<收费公路车辆通行费车型分类>Notice on Relevant Issues of Industry Standard (JT/T489-2019) (Assigned Highway [2019] No.65) and combined with the actual situation of our city, this plan is formulated.

I. General requirements

Conscientiously implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, fully mobilize resources from all sides, vigorously promote the application and service of ETC (Electronic Non-stop Toll Collection System) on toll roads, and strive to realize the full use of ETC (Electronic Non-stop Toll Collection System) at toll roads by the end of the year in accordance with the principles of optimizing services, canceling stored value, using at a discount and passing quickly, and the general requirements that people’s governments at all levels are the main players, people’s banks at all levels are the main players, the transportation departments are the leading players, commercial banks are the main players, and relevant units should take

Second, the objectives and tasks

The ETC installation rate of vehicles in our city is not less than 90%, and the ETC installation rate of vehicles passing through expressways is over 90%, and expressways basically realize fast charging without stopping. Ordos Central Sub-branch of the People’s Bank of China made overall arrangements with all units, organized and implemented jointly with major banks, introduced multi-party issuers, and strengthened self-operated outlets and online distribution. All issuers should expand the distribution scale, complete the flag area tasks broken down by each city bank, and ensure that 398,000 ETC users will be added before the end of the year (the city has 615,000 vehicles, 95,000 vehicles have been installed as of August 8, and the remaining distribution tasks are 398,000 vehicles).

Third, specific work measures

(A) to speed up the construction and improvement of toll road toll system.

1. The expressway shall strictly implement the unified technical scheme, engineering construction scheme, operation and service rules and network security protection system of the Transportation Department of the autonomous region, and complete the transformation task as scheduled according to the unified standards and design documents. (Responsible unit: Municipal Transportation Bureau)

2. Organize the city’s operating toll road enterprises to hold an ETC channel construction promotion meeting, requiring each toll station of the city’s toll roads to have an ETC dedicated channel, and strive to complete the transformation before December 31. (Responsible unit: Municipal Transportation Bureau)

(B) to speed up the promotion and application of ETC

1. Strictly control the product quality. ETC cards and OBU (on-board units) are purchased by banks and installed online or offline free of charge. The Ordos Central Sub-branch of the People’s Bank of China and commercial banks ensure that the issuing service agencies are responsible for product quality, ensure after-sales service and ensure that the ETC equipment installed by car owners can be used normally. (Responsible units: Ordos Central Sub-branch of the People’s Bank of China and commercial banks)

2. Increase installation service outlets. The government service halls at all levels set up application ETC windows; All bank issuing cooperation institutions should cover all grass-roots outlets, and organize issuing units to carry out Internet issuance, appointment installation, door-to-door installation, etc. Rely on commercial bank outlets, expressway service areas and toll station entrance plazas to increase installation outlets, which is convenient for the public to install nearby and free of charge. (Responsible units: Ordos Central Sub-branch of the People’s Bank of China, transportation bureaus in various flag areas, and distribution cooperation agencies)

3. Give full play to the advantages of Internet distribution. Introduce Internet third-party platforms such as Tencent, Alipay and UnionPay, broaden Internet distribution channels and expand the scale of users. Encourage all distribution partners to carry out online distribution and provide convenient services for customers. (Responsible unit: Ordos Central Sub-branch of the People’s Bank of China, and various issuing cooperative institutions)

4. Build ETC multi-scene applications, expand service functions, encourage ETC to be applied in car-related fields such as parking lots, basically achieve full coverage of ETC services in parking scenes of large traffic stations such as airports, railway stations and passenger stations by the end of the year, and promote the application of ETC in parking lots such as residential areas and tourist attractions. (Responsible unit: Municipal Development and Reform Commission)

5. Promote the vehicle installation of party and government organs, enterprises and institutions. All official vehicles, state-owned enterprise vehicles, ambulances, fire engines, police cars and other special vehicles in the city should be equipped with ETC equipment by the end of October; Other private enterprises except state-owned enterprises’ official vehicles and their employees’ vehicles, and other administrative institutions’ official and staff private cars are all equipped with ETC equipment before the end of December; The trucks of food and drug production and sales enterprises, coal-related enterprises and non-coal mine enterprises should be installed from the source, and all units should implement them strictly according to the requirements. (Responsible units: people’s governments in various flag areas, municipal organs administration, municipal state-owned assets supervision and administration commission, municipal tax bureau, municipal energy bureau, municipal natural resources bureau, municipal health and wellness commission, and relevant units directly under the municipal government)

6. Promote the installation of operating vehicles. Before the end of December, the Municipal Road Transport Administration is responsible for organizing the completion of the installation of ETC for passenger vehicles, operating trucks, taxis and other operating vehicles. (Responsible unit: Municipal Road Transportation Administration)

7. Increase the preferential treatment for ETC vehicles. From July 1, 2019, the tolls of ETC passengers and trucks will be charged at a 15% discount. (Responsible units: Municipal Transportation Bureau, Development and Reform Commission, Finance Bureau)

8. Realize the sharing of motor vehicle registration information. Before the end of September 2019, realize the sharing of motor vehicle registration information between the transportation department and the public security organs, facilitate the issuance of ETC, strengthen the management of real-name system, and strictly guard against "big cars and small labels" to ensure "one car, one card and one label". (Responsible unit: Municipal Transportation Bureau and Public Security Bureau)

9. dmv will include the installation of ETC in the necessary process, and require the installation of ETC equipment for new households and the installation of annual inspection vehicles without ETC equipment; Major banks negotiate and cooperate to set up "one-stop" handling points in dmv and various car inspection points; The Traffic Management Detachment of the Municipal Public Security Bureau cooperated with the completion of reminding car owners to install ETC at major intersections. Road law enforcement officers should be familiar with the online application process of major banks for installing ETC equipment, and conduct on-site publicity to facilitate car owners to handle ETC. Encourage online application, reduce the input of manpower and material resources, and save the time of passing car owners. (Responsible units: Municipal Public Security Bureau and Municipal Transportation Bureau)

10. All other ETC installation activities that serve the masses shall be coordinated by the relevant units. (Responsible unit: Municipal Urban Management Comprehensive Law Enforcement Bureau and other administrative institutions)

11. The people’s governments in various flag areas shall promote the installation of ETC according to the requirements of the same caliber and scale at the municipal level, and take the initiative to connect with major banks to give play to the main role of banks; Multi-sector cooperation, the deployment of personnel from various departments, such as public security, traffic police, urban management, transportation management and other personnel to form a promotion group, and the flag area needs to be promoted in rural areas in conjunction with Sumu Township to carry out this work to the end. (Responsible unit: the people’s governments of various flag areas are responsible)

Fourth, safeguard measures

(1) Strengthen the publicity on the use of ETC. All units are responsible for actively coordinating new media at all levels and promoting them through TV, radio, newspapers, internet, WeChat group and other media; Using the publicity resources of various industries, the issuing banks went deep into residential areas and villages, organized publicity activities with the theme of "installing ETC, making roads smooth", vigorously publicized the advantages of "installing ETC at no cost, using it more cheaply, and traveling more conveniently and environmentally friendly", as well as the preferential toll discount policies, so as to guide all sectors of society to pay attention to and support the popularization and application of ETC and attract people to install and use ETC; Give play to the role of LED (Light Emitting Diode) electronic display screen, and play or post publicity slogans in public places such as stations, toll stations, service areas and business halls; Circularly scroll related slogans on the taxi LED screen, and set up corresponding publicity columns in communities, bus shelters and taxi parking spots; The highway management enterprises posted a warning slogan at the toll stations: "Since January 1, 2020, except as otherwise provided by the State Council, all kinds of preferential policies such as toll reduction and exemption are realized by relying on ETC system". (Responsible units: people’s governments at all levels, transportation departments, issuing banks and toll road enterprises)

(2) Improve the issuance efficiency. Electronic tag equipment can be issued automatically in batches at one time, which improves the efficiency of label making and business card printing. The staff can issue ETC through the mobile phone terminal, and customers can choose their own products and services, register themselves and install themselves. (Responsible units: Ordos Central Sub-branch of the People’s Bank of China and all issuing banks)

(3) Strengthen the issuance supervision. Strictly abide by the technical requirements and standards of ETC issuance, insist on who issues and who is responsible, and resolutely put an end to illegal issuance. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen inspection and severely crack down on illegal acts such as evading tolls. (Responsible units: Ordos Central Sub-branch of the People’s Bank of China and all issuing banks)

(4) Strengthen supervision and implementation. The Municipal People’s government supervision room in accordance with the relevant requirements of supervision and inspection, and depending on the situation informed inspection. All units should attach great importance to the installation task, clarify the working organization, set up specific contacts, make overall arrangements, make careful arrangements and make every effort to promote it.

Source of information: released by Ordos Municipal People’s Government.

Overall review | Wen Weimin

Editor on duty | Chen Ke

Pay attention to Ping ‘an Ordos and browse more exciting content.

CCTV News:Today (June 22nd), the Dragon Boat Festival holiday officially opened in 2023. According to the monitoring of the Ministry of Commerce, in 2023, the Dragon Boat Festival will increase consumption activities, residents’ willingness to travel and vacation will increase, and the holiday consumption atmosphere will be strong.

The number of tourists during the Dragon Boat Festival holiday this year is expected to exceed the level of the same period in 2019, reaching 100 million. Beijing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Chengdu and Qingdao will become popular destinations in China. Experts predict that the Dragon Boat Festival travel will bring 37 billion yuan of tourism consumption, which may be 30%&mdash; An increase of 40%. A "three-hour golden tourism circle" will be formed around major tourist cities, and the popularity of Zhou Bianyou and short-distance tours will increase.

Dragon Boat Festival holiday ushered in the peak of travel

Today is the first day of the Dragon Boat Festival holiday. Visiting relatives, traveling and student flow are superimposed, which ushered in the peak of holiday travel.

Dragon Boat Festival holiday transportation started on June 21st. From June 21st to 25th, the national railways are expected to send 71 million passengers. On June 22nd, the national railways are expected to send 16.2 million passengers and run 10,868 passenger trains. In terms of civil aviation, during the Dragon Boat Festival holiday, 16,110 flights were planned daily, an increase of 1.7% over the same period in 2019; The average daily transportation of passengers is expected to reach 1.98 million, an increase of 11.5% over the same period in 2019.

How to spend the Dragon Boat Festival holiday? What to eat? Where to play? Find the answer in big data

Leisure travel, catering and other consumption are heating up. According to the data of the travel booking platform, during the three days of the Dragon Boat Festival holiday, the booking volume of hotels, homestays and scenic spots has nearly doubled compared with that during the Dragon Boat Festival in 2019. According to the business data of UnionPay, the consumption of catering in the past week has increased by more than 20% year-on-year.

According to business big data monitoring, the national edible agricultural products market was fully supplied last week, the prices of grain, edible oil, aquatic products and fruits were basically the same as those of a week ago, the wholesale price of vegetables rose by 0.7%, and the prices of meat and eggs declined slightly.

Up to now, the online sales of Dragon Boat Festival bouquets have increased by 170 times year-on-year, and the number of e-commerce sales has increased by 344% year-on-year. Bouquet styles are dazzling, especially rich, with a year-on-year increase of 678%.

Statistics from online retail platforms show that egg yolk zongzi has become the "explosive" zongzi of this year’s Dragon Boat Festival.

Looking at Hot Topics of Dragon Boat Festival through Big Data

According to the big data analysis of China Mobile’s Wutong, the top hot topics in the week before the festival include: Zongqing Dragon Boat Festival, short-distance tour, salty and sweet Zongzi, meeting the Dragon Boat Festival in the college entrance examination, dragon boat race, the hottest Dragon Boat Festival in five years, and dragon boat economy.

Twenty-three departments jointly issued nineteen measures.
Accelerate the release of demand and expand residents’ consumption

With the consent of the State Council, 23 departments, including the National Development and Reform Commission, the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China and the Ministry of Finance, jointly issued the Implementation Opinions on Promoting Consumption Expansion, Upgrading and Accelerating the Formation of a Strong Domestic Market (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions). The Opinions put forward 19 measures to promote consumption expansion and quality improvement from six aspects: market supply, consumption upgrading, consumption network, consumption ecology, consumption capacity and consumption environment, and help form a strong domestic market.

Expanding consumption is an important focus to hedge the impact of the epidemic.

The COVID-19 epidemic has had an impact on China’s consumption at present and even in the future, especially in the fields of shopping, catering, tourism, culture, education and entertainment.

"Releasing the suppressed and frozen consumer demand, cultivating and growing the new consumption and upgraded consumption that were born in the prevention and control of the epidemic, and making the physical consumption and service consumption be replenished, is one of the important points to hedge the impact of the epidemic." Chang Tiewei, deputy director of the Employment Income Distribution and Consumption Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that it is of great significance to promote consumption expansion and quality improvement while doing a good job in epidemic prevention and control.

Since last year, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have deployed a series of policies to promote consumption, and various localities have successively introduced a number of targeted measures, such as Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and other places to build a new platform for consumption upgrading by cultivating night economy.

"The Opinions are the inheritance and development of previous policies." Chang Tiewei said that it not only inherited the previous policy orientations such as updating consumption and cultural tourism consumption, but also integrated into the new models, new formats and new industries in the current new consumption development.

To expand consumption, the key is to conform to the upgrading trend of residents’ consumption, break through the "blocking point" and "pain point" in the consumption field, break down the institutional and institutional obstacles that restrict consumption, and improve the governance capacity in the consumption field. The "Opinions" adhere to the structural reform of the supply side as the main line, seize the most potential consumption areas and focus on improving supply, constantly improve consumption policies, optimize the consumption environment, and stabilize consumption expectations.

Chang Tiewei introduced that the Opinions pay more attention to service consumption in terms of consumption types; Highlight holiday and night consumption in terms of consumption time; Accelerate the cultivation of new models such as online and offline integration in terms of consumption patterns; Focus on launching the county consumption engine in the consumption area; In terms of consumer groups, we will focus on enhancing the consumption power of low-and middle-income groups, and urge the vast number of urban and rural residents to consume, be willing to consume, and dare to consume.

Accelerate the construction of information infrastructure and build a "smart+"consumption ecosystem.

Cloud fitness, cloud shopping, cloud shopping, cloud reading … Since the outbreak, "cloud business" has developed rapidly. "Mobile phone ordering and delivery to home" has become the first choice for people to buy fresh food, medicines and other necessities during their stay at home.

"The new consumption formats and new models represented by online shopping have shown strong development potential in this epidemic." Chang Tiewei said that in 2019, the online retail sales of physical goods in China accounted for 20.70% of the total retail sales of consumer goods, which was about 8.52 trillion yuan. It is expected that the online retail sales of physical goods will exceed 10 trillion yuan this year.

"With the gradual control of the epidemic, China’s consumer market will usher in a new round of rapid development opportunities." Wei Wang, director of the Institute of Market Economy of the State Council Development Research Center, said that innovative online service models, especially in the fields of entertainment, education and medical care, have been recognized and accepted by consumers, which will greatly promote the further improvement of new formats and new models and drive more online service consumption.

The "Opinions" put forward four specific measures to cultivate new consumption formats and new models, and accelerate the construction of a "smart+"consumption ecosystem.

Accelerate the construction of a new generation of information infrastructure. Accelerate the construction and commercialization of information infrastructure such as 5G networks.

Encourage the development of new consumption patterns such as online and offline integration. Improve the "internet plus" consumption ecosystem, and promote online and offline interaction and business travel style coordination.

Encourage consumers to use green smart products. Encourage enterprises to use the Internet of Things, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and other technologies to promote the intelligent upgrade of various electronic products, and accelerate the development of new information products such as virtual reality and wearable devices.

Vigorously develop the consumption pattern of "internet plus Social Service". All departments will promote the online and offline integration of education and training, medical care, aged care services, infant care, sports events and other service consumption.

"The Opinions proposes to build a’ smart+’consumption ecosystem to adapt to the development trend of smart and online consumption at this stage. While promoting consumption expansion and quality improvement, we will better lead the industry to intelligent and green development and promote the dual upgrading of industry and consumption. " Wang Yun, a researcher at China Macroeconomic Research Institute, said.

Continuously improve consumption capacity and build a consumption network integrating urban and rural areas.

The consumption pattern is wired online and offline, and there are cities and towns in the consumption space. To improve the quality and expand the consumption, it is necessary to realize the coordinated and interactive development of the urban and rural markets. What other "hard bones" are there to break through urban and rural consumption and expand grassroots and rural consumption?

"There is still a’ stuck neck’ link in the current consumer infrastructure." Chang Tiewei said, for example, the service consumption infrastructure is not perfect, the shortcomings of consumption facilities in some emerging urban areas and rural areas are prominent, and the distribution of urban commercial facilities is unreasonable.

Wei Wang said that in order to build a consumption network integrating urban and rural areas, on the one hand, we should promote the construction and development of consumption center cities, accelerate the development of middle and high-end consumption and service consumption markets, and form a group of international consumption center cities with large consumption scale, strong consumption radiation driving effect, outstanding consumption innovation leading ability and international influence, and become a leading demonstration base for China’s consumption upgrading and expansion.

The "Opinions" propose to further improve the tax-free industry policy and improve the supply of imported goods. We will support central cities to strengthen the "first-store economy" and "first-time economy", encourage internationally renowned brands to launch or simultaneously list new products in the China market, and adjust and optimize the collection links of some consumption tax items.

"On the other hand, we should speed up the sinking of the consumer market, build a platform for cooperation and exchange between Internet companies and poverty-stricken areas, promote the two-way circulation of industrial products to the countryside and agricultural products to the city, boost the sales of agricultural products with characteristics and advantages in rural areas, especially in deep poverty-stricken areas, and better meet the consumer demand in rural markets and carry out consumption poverty alleviation in depth." Wei Wang said.

The income level of residents is directly related to their consumption ability, and the expansion and upgrading of consumption cannot be separated from the improvement of consumption ability.

"To improve the consumption power of residents, we should pay attention to improving the income capacity of middle-income groups and enhancing basic security, and promote the reform of the income distribution system." Wei Wang said, smooth the upward flow channels for low-income groups, steadily expand middle-income groups, strive to narrow the income gap among residents, and accelerate the improvement of the income incentive mechanism for knowledge-based, skilled and innovative workers. (Reporter Li Xinping)

Jing Hanqing’s name was registered as a trademark.

　　The cybersquatting company first exposed the verbal threat and then showed weakness for peace.

　　On August 5, the reporter met Jing Hanqing. In the past few days, he was overwhelmed by the cybersquatting of his name, and even stopped the short video update.

　　Jing Hanqing introduced that on July 30th, he received an email from "Zhiqiao Electronic Products Sales Department in Jinghu District". The other party claimed that he was the holder of the registered trademark of Jing Hanqing, and said that WeChat official account, a platform operated by Jing Hanqing, had infringed their exclusive right to use the registered trademark.

　　In this regard, Jing Hanqing is puzzled. Then he released a video telling fans that the name he had used for 22 years could not be used.

　　Unexpectedly, a few days later, the other party sent another provocative email: "I wanted to deal with it gently. To tell you the truth, the trademark has been changed several times. If you don’t understand, hire a lawyer early, hire a good team, and don’t fool around all day &hellip; &hellip;”

　　Seeing this email, Jing Hanqing realized the seriousness of the matter. Not only that, Jing Hanqing also received an infringement complaint when he logged into his self-media account. "They may want to blackmail me with trademarks and let me buy them back." Jing Hanqing said.

　　After Jing Hanqing’s experience was exposed, it immediately attracted the attention of many netizens and the solidarity of other bloggers and lawyers. Perhaps for fear that things would get worse, on August 5th, the company sent a third email to Jing Hanqing, and the tone was obviously softened: There is no point in tossing it over again. Leave a contact information to check with our agent. Next, we will give up sending you the trademark.

　　Online celebrity trademarks are frequently registered, and some companies specialize in malicious registration.

　　Jing Hanqing did not expect that his "positive" relationship with this company attracted many people in the same boat. After this incident, many talented people in online celebrity have come forward to speak out and said that they have encountered similar incidents.

　　The game blogger "Falling Star Commentary" has the same experience. This account has been in operation for 5 years, and has released short videos on multiple platforms, with 3 million fans.

　　Recently, "Falling Star Commentary" suddenly received a message from a company saying that its account has been registered as a trademark. What’s even more amazing is that the company that registered this trademark is the one that holds the "Jing Hanqing" trademark. In fact, this company has registered 103 trademarks in less than two years, most of which are online celebrity bloggers’ accounts.

　　The reporter sent an email interview to this company on August 4, and as of press time, he did not receive a reply from the other party.

　　In addition to Jing Hanqing and "Explanation of Falling Stars", many online celebrity, who has millions of fans, have also come forward to say that their accounts have been registered by different companies. In a WeChat group established by Jing Hanqing, more than 40 group members have the same experience, and more than one cybersquatting company is involved.

　　A blogger who asked not to be named said that he had been "blackmailed" into paying 350,000 yuan as a trademark transfer fee.

　　In fact, malicious cybersquatting has existed for many years, but in the past, it was mostly aimed at movie stars, enterprises and websites, and now such companies have turned their targets to online celebrity bloggers on various platforms.

　　The reporter inquired on China Trademark Network that the name "Jing Hanqing" has been applied for registration as a trademark by seven companies, and the earliest time can be traced back to May 2018, followed by May, June and August of 2018, and February, April and May of 2019, respectively. It was applied for registration by different companies.

　　Lawyer’s point of view: malicious cybersquatting can be invalid.

　　Wang Jingtao, a senior partner of Sichuan Sino-French Law Firm, said that at present, there are companies on the market that are looking for popular IP and rushing to register trademarks. After successful cybersquatting, these companies will launch "rights protection" to the cybersquatters, with the ultimate goal of benefiting from it.

　　Wang Jingtao said that he has taken over many similar complaints. "At present, the public’s understanding of the trademark market is not enough, and the trademark awareness is relatively lacking, which has led to some companies with ulterior motives taking advantage of it."

　　So, how to solve this kind of thing? Wang Jingtao suggested that it can be solved through legal channels. "If it can be judged that it is a malicious cybersquatting, you can apply for the trademark to be invalid."

　　However, in practice, safeguarding rights is not easy. There have been many cases before, in which the parties were registered for trademarks, and they chose to compromise because the cost of rights protection was too high.

　　Wang Jingtao reminded that everyone also needs to raise awareness of trademark registration. When registering platform accounts, it is necessary to register brand trademarks in advance to avoid such incidents from the source. (Reporter Shen Mengyu)

Author: Lin Mei

Editor: Bai Ze

Source: Mozi Salon

The century puzzle left by Einstein and Bohr to future generations

In the early days of the establishment of quantum mechanics, the phenomenon of "entanglement" aroused the curiosity of all physicists, and Einstein called it "strange interaction between distant places."The so-called entanglement in quantum mechanics is a phenomenon: two particles in an entangled state can maintain a special correlation state, and the state of both particles is unknown, but as long as one particle is measured, the state of the other particle can be known immediately, even if they are far apart.. In the past half century, the essence behind this phenomenon has been deeply puzzling scientists.

In the last century, the views on entanglement divided physicists into two factions: the Copenhagen school, represented by Bohr, believed that the so-called "reality" was meaningful only when it was connected with observation methods; But scientists such as Einstein can’t accept this view. They think that quantum mechanics is incomplete, and the measurement result must be predetermined by some kind of "hidden variable", but we can’t detect it. In 1935, Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen published an article entitled Can Quantum Mechanics Description of Physical Reality Be Considered Complete, demonstrating the incompleteness of quantum mechanics. Usually, people call their argument EPR Paradox or Einstein Localized Realism.

Bohr and Einstein argued about this for 50 years, and the problem was not solved until their final death, which has always attracted future generations to verify it.

How to verify it?

mentionLocalized realismIn fact, it contains two meanings:First, physical realism.Any observable physical quantity must exist objectively in a definite way, and if there is no external disturbance, the observable physical quantity should have a definite value;Second, localized causality.If the four-dimensional space-time between two events is space-like, there is no causal relationship between the two events. Based on this understanding, in 1964, the Irish physicist Bell put forward the famous "Bell Inequality", which established a strict limit on the possible correlation degree of the results when two separated particles were measured at the same time [1]. If Bell inequality is not established in the experiment, it means that the expectation based on localized realism does not conform to the theory of quantum mechanics, that is,The quantum world itself is probabilistic.

All along, people have designed various experimental schemes to verify whether Bell’s inequality is correct or not, and one after another, the results of some experimental groups tend to support the destruction of Bell’s inequality-that is, to prove the correctness of quantum mechanics. The first truly definitive experiment was made by Spector, a French physicist. Three experiments they made in the 1970s gave a clear conclusion about the nonlocality of quantum mechanics, but there were still loopholes in the initial verification of these experiments. In recent years, experimental groups in different countries have tried to gradually close local vulnerabilities, free choice vulnerabilities and detection efficiency vulnerabilities in their experiments.All the experimental results support the conclusion of quantum mechanics and prove that localized realism is wrong.

Bell inequality goes out of the laboratory and flies further.

The destruction of Bell inequality has been verified in the laboratory, so what about the situation on a larger scale? If people can verify the existence of quantum entanglement at a longer distance, it means verifying the correctness of quantum mechanics at a larger spatial scale. Therefore, people want to fly farther with Bell inequality. However, there is a stumbling block-attenuation when conducting experiments on a larger scale. What does this mean? In the actual experimentPeople often use an experiment called "quantum entanglement distribution" to verify Bell inequality, which is to send two prepared entangled particles (usually photons) to two points far apart, and to verify whether quantum mechanics and localized realism are right or wrong by observing whether the measurement results of the two points conform to Bell inequality.Because pairs of single photons are prepared and sent, the signal of single photon is not amplified because of the non-replicability of quantum, and the inherent photon loss of optical fiber makes it difficult to expand the optical quantum transmission to a longer distance. On the surface of the earth, the quantum entanglement distribution of 100 kilometers is almost the limit.

What should we do? There are two schemes,One is to use quantum relay.One relay station is a bit like an ancient relay station, transmitting photons one by one, but at present, the research of quantum relay is still limited by the time and efficiency of quantum storage;Another scheme is to realize quantum entanglement distribution by satellite.The vacuum environment in outer space has almost no attenuation and decoherence effects on light transmission. The free space channel loss between the satellite and the earth is small, and even in theory, scientists can establish a quantum channel between any two points on the earth by using satellites, and it is possible to realize quantum entanglement distribution at a long distance on a global scale.

On December 9, 2016, at the Ali Observatory in Tibet, researchers were doing experiments.

Fortunately, in this respect, Chinese is at the forefront of the world.

As early as 2003, China’s Pan Jianwei team put forward a scheme to realize long-distance quantum entanglement distribution by satellite, and started preliminary verification. The team’s researchers believe that in order to prove that it is feasible for satellites to realize quantum entanglement distribution, it is necessary to prove that photons can remain coherent after penetrating the atmosphere, so they began to do experiments in Dashu Mountain, Hefei. In this experiment, the sender is in Dashu Mountain, and the two receiving points are in Feixi farmer’s home and the west campus of Chinese University of Science and Technology, which are several kilometers away. It is the first time in the world to realize the two-way quantum entanglement distribution in free space with a horizontal distance of 13 kilometers (the vertical thickness of the atmosphere is about 5-10 kilometers), which proves that the entangled state can still "survive" after long-distance atmospheric channel transmission. On the other hand, this transmission distance exceeds the equivalent thickness of the atmosphere, which proves the feasibility of long-distance free space quantum communication.

Two-way quantum entanglement distribution in free space with a horizontal distance of 13 kilometers in 2005

In 2010, the team realized the 16 km quantum teleportation based on quantum entanglement distribution for the first time in the world. Based on the preliminary key technical preparations, at the end of 2011, the strategic pilot science and technology project "Quantum Science Experimental Satellite" of Chinese Academy of Sciences was formally established. In 2012, the joint research team of Chinese Academy of Sciences led by Pan Jianwei realized the first quantum entanglement distribution experiment of more than 102km in Qinghai Lake. In the experiment, the maximum attenuation is 80dB. On the one hand, it is verified that the entanglement characteristics still survive through the atmospheric channel on a larger scale, on the other hand, it is verified that the entanglement characteristics can be maintained under the condition of very large attenuation, which further verifies the feasibility of satellite-ground entanglement distribution.

In the following years, the team worked hard to overcome various difficulties and finally developed the "Mozi" quantum science experimental satellite. In the eyes of hundreds of millions of people, the Mozi was successfully put into orbit on August 16, 2016. After four months of on-orbit testing, it was officially delivered to carry out scientific experiments on January 18, 2017.

Mozi quantum science experimental satellite

As one of the three scientific experimental tasks of Mozi satellite, satellite-ground quantum entanglement distribution is the first quantum entanglement distribution experiment on the spatial scale in the world.

There are three optical payloads on the Mozi quantum science experimental satellite. Pairs of entangled photons are prepared by the quantum entangled light source and sent by two optical antennas. When the satellite transits the border, two telescopes point to Delingha and Lijiang ground stations respectively. The receiving systems of the two ground stations, according to the angular velocity of the satellite, make the satellite establish quantum channels with the two ground stations at the same time and send entangled photons to the ground stations.Then the ground station carries out entanglement measurement of photons, and if there are enough statistics, the Bell inequality can be verified.

In this experiment, the distance between the two ground stations is 1200 kilometers, the total distance from the satellite to the two ground stations is 2000 kilometers on average, the tracking accuracy of the ground station reaches 0.4 urad, and the receiving efficiency of the ground station system is more than 20%. The entanglement source on the satellite can generate 8 million entangled photon pairs per second, and the establishment of optical link can establish quantum entanglement between two stations over 1200 kilometers on the ground at the speed of 1 pair per second, so that a large number of statistical data can be obtained in a short time. If photons are transmitted by optical fiber over such a long distance, even if ultra-low loss optical fiber is selected, it will take 30 thousand years to distribute a pair of photons.

In the experiment, the two photons are pulled apart by a large enough distance, and at the same time, the high-precision experimental technology ensures that the independent measurement time interval between the two places is small enough, which meets the measurement requirements of "space-like interval" in Bell inequality measurement and closes the localization vulnerability and measurement selection vulnerability.The experimental results show that the standard deviation of 4 times violates Bell inequality, that is, the correctness of quantum mechanics is verified at a distance of thousands of kilometers with a confidence of over 99.9%.The nonlocality test of quantum mechanics which strictly satisfies Einstein’s localization condition is realized. This important achievement has laid a reliable technical foundation for the future experimental study of large-scale quantum networks and quantum communication, as well as the experimental examination of the basic principles of physics such as general relativity and quantum gravity in outer space.

Related achievements were published in the international authoritative academic journal Science in the form of cover papers.. In addition to the quantum entanglement distribution experiment, other important scientific experimental tasks of Mozi quantum science experimental satellite, including high-speed satellite-ground quantum key distribution, satellite-ground quantum teleportation and so on, are also under intense and smooth progress. It is expected that more scientific achievements will be released to the public one after another this year.

On November 28, 2016, at the Xinglong Observatory in Hebei Province, the "Mozi" quantum science experimental satellite transited.

Note:

[1]Bell inequality has many famous generalizations. Considering the practical factors of the experiment, five years after Bell inequality was put forward, John Clauser, Michael Horne, Abner Shimony and Richard A. Holt put forward a CHSH inequality, and the experiment of Bell inequality in later experiments was mainly to verify CHSH inequality.

[2] Space-like separation means that the space-time interval of two events satisfies that "it is impossible to communicate between two events with information below the speed of light.

Thanks to Associate Research Fellows Zhang Wenzhuo, Zou Mi and Li Dongdong of Hefei Microscale Laboratory of China University of Science and Technology for their help in writing this article.

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　　BEIJING, Nov. 28 (Xinhua) According to the Korean National Daily, the South Korean government held a meeting on the 27th. In 2024, the number of foreign workers who entered Korea under the employment permit system was determined to be 165,000, a record high.

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