On June 9, 2023, the State Administration of Market Supervision (State Anti-monopoly Bureau) issued the Annual Report on Anti-monopoly Enforcement in China (2022) (hereinafter referred to as the Report). The data shows that in 2022, China closed 187 monopoly cases in accordance with the law, with a fine of 784 million yuan, and concluded 794 cases of concentrated operators, of which 5 cases were approved with additional restrictive conditions.

　　Since 2019, the State Administration of Markets has compiled and published the Annual Report on Anti-monopoly Enforcement in China for four consecutive years.

　　According to the Report, on June 24, 2022, the 35th meeting of the 13th the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) passed a decision on amending the anti-monopoly law, completing the first systematic revision of the law in the past 15 years.

　　The "Report" pointed out that China’s Internet platform anti-monopoly normalization supervision and law enforcement situation has basically taken shape. In May, 2022, the State Administration of Market Supervision filed an investigation into the alleged abuse of market dominance by HowNet, and imposed a fine of 5% of the previous year’s sales on illegal acts such as unfair high prices and restricted transactions by HowNet, totaling 87.6 million yuan, requiring HowNet to make comprehensive rectification around lifting exclusive cooperation, reducing users’ burden and strengthening internal compliance management, so as to promote the standardized, healthy and innovative development of the industry.

　　At the same time, the State Administration of Market Supervision has given full play to the guiding and warning role of the monopoly case of HowNet, strengthened the administrative guidance for the operators of academic resource platforms such as HowNet, Wanfang, Weipu and Superstar, and guided the upstream and downstream operators to consciously safeguard the good ecology and comprehensively standardize the competition order in the industry. Industry operators are required to operate in compliance with the law and shall not engage in exclusive cooperation.

　　According to the Report, in 2022, anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies investigated and handled one case of abuse of market dominance in the Internet industry and six cases of abuse of administrative power to exclude and restrict competition; 24 cases of concentration of operators in the field of Internet platforms were concluded, and 27 cases of illegal implementation of concentration of operators in the field of Internet platforms were publicly punished. The amount of fines and confiscations in the above cases totaled 104.1 million yuan.

　　The abuse of administrative power to exclude and restrict competition in bike-sharing and other fields has become increasingly prominent. According to the Report, cases involving abuse of administrative power to exclude and restrict competition in the Internet industry are mainly concentrated in bike-sharing. In order to standardize the operation and management of bike-sharing, some local industry authorities abuse their administrative power to improperly restrict a single or a few bike-sharing-operated enterprises from entering the local market, prevent other qualified enterprises from entering the market, and exclude and restrict market competition. From the implementation of the main body, mainly for the city, county (district) level urban management departments, transportation departments, comprehensive administrative law enforcement departments.

　　In the field of online games, the Report believes that there is a risk that some operators will reach a vertical monopoly agreement or realize a hub-and-spoke agreement with the help of vertical relations in the online game market. In terms of concentration of operators, the horizontal integration in the game R&D and live broadcast markets is more likely to have the consequences of eliminating and restricting competition. For example, the merger of Huya and Betta will further strengthen Tencent’s dominant position in the live broadcast market, enabling Tencent to implement closed-loop management and two-way vertical blockade in the upstream and downstream markets, which has or may have the effect of eliminating and restricting competition, which is not conducive to fair competition in the market, may impair the interests of consumers, and is not conducive to the standardized, healthy and sustainable development of online games and live broadcast markets.

　　In view of the online video industry, the Report said that the high-risk competitive behavior in this industry is mainly reflected in two aspects: suspected monopoly agreement and abuse of market dominance. At present, the growth of user scale in online video industry is slowing down, and the user penetration of video platforms is close to saturation. Among them, the users of long video platforms have a negative growth trend, and their operations are under great pressure. In 2021, the market share of short video platform surpassed that of long video platform for the first time, and it became one of the fastest growing segments of Internet platform in China. However, the growth rate of users of short video platform also declined, and the risk of copyright infringement increased.

　　"At present, the competition order in the field of Internet platforms continues to improve. Internet platforms generally strengthen anti-monopoly compliance training, actively regulate their own business practices, and continuously improve the level of compliance management. At the same time, with the continuous progress of digital technology and the innovative development of business models, the problem of monopoly risk in the field of Internet platforms has also presented new features. The concealment and complexity of monopoly behavior are getting stronger and stronger, and the problem of infringing on the interests of operators and consumers in the platform still exists. It is necessary to further strengthen supervision and law enforcement. " The "Report" said.

　　Focusing on the people’s "urgent difficulties and worries", the national anti-monopoly law enforcement has continued to strengthen supervision and law enforcement in the fields of medicine, public utilities and building materials, investigated and dealt with major typical cases such as Shaanxi cement monopoly case, Zhejiang civil explosion monopoly case and Beijing Stroman monopoly case, examined and approved five cases of Chaowei’s acquisition of Xilinx, a new joint venture between Shanghai Airport and China Eastern Airlines Logistics, and strengthened cases with additional restrictions such as Ukrainian potassium merger and Xie Potassium acquisition and NVIDIA’s acquisition of Milos.

　　Specifically, in 2022, China’s anti-monopoly law enforcement filed 18 new cases to investigate monopoly agreements, and 16 cases were settled, with a total amount of fines and confiscations of 569 million yuan. From the perspective of industry distribution, it was mainly concentrated in industries such as medicine, education and training, building materials and motor vehicle testing. A total of 13 cases of abuse of market dominance were investigated and dealt with nationwide, and the amount of fines was 166 million yuan. From the perspective of industry distribution, there were 9 cases in public areas such as water supply and gas supply, and 1 case in Internet platform, wholesale and retail, logistics, ports and other fields. From the perspective of illegal subjects, administrative penalties were imposed on 14 enterprises, including 10 state-owned enterprises and 4 private enterprises.

　　According to the Report, people’s livelihood accounts for more than 73% of cases of abusing administrative power to exclude and restrict competition, among which urban management, medical and health care, engineering construction, education and people’s livelihood account for about 19%, 16%, 16%, 15% and 7% respectively.

　　Cases in the field of urban management mainly involve bike-sharing, construction waste removal, liquefied petroleum gas distribution and other industries. Specific actions include limiting the operation of enterprises in bike-sharing, setting an unreasonable list of garbage transport enterprises, and designating liquefied petroleum gas distribution enterprises. Cases in the field of medical and health care mainly involve medical procurement, medical material distribution, medical insurance, health examination and other industries, and the most typical one is to restrict or restrict transactions in disguise. Cases in the field of engineering and construction mainly involve construction, engineering supervision, housing safety appraisal and other industries, with the most typical behavior of restricting transactions and excluding and restricting foreign enterprises from participating in bidding. Cases in the field of education mainly involve campus security services, students’ clothing, training institutions and other industries. Specific actions include designating security service companies, designating students’ clothing suppliers, and designating centralized training institutions.

Special feature of 1905 film network The summer file just closed, becoming the biggest winner with 2.9 billion box office.By combining science fiction with comedy, Mahua FunAge not only achieved his own breakthrough, but also expanded the genre dimension of China’s science fiction films in terms of content and production.

For modeling director Liang Tingting, Moon Man’s creative process is undoubtedly a pioneering journey from scratch, from 0 to 1.How to integrate comedy elements into traditional sci-fi modeling, how to give consideration to science and aesthetics in design, and how does the beloved King Kong mouse put on a customized spacesuit?

Behind the scenes of this issue, let’s follow Liang Tingting, explore Moon Man’s clothing library together, and understand the story behind "Minions".

"Minions"

Convey a sense of joy and comedy with warm colors.

Deep blue quiet universe, gray moon surface, white space suit … When it comes to science fiction films, most of the cool colors that come to mind are full of futuristic and technological sense.

However, in Moon Man, the most impressive thing is the bright yellow, full of cheerful vitality and vitality, which coincides with the comedy style of the film.

Liang Tingting said frankly that his original spacesuit was dominated by "conventional" white, and "yellow" was the director’s insistence.

"His goal is very clear, and he wants the feeling of a happy Minions on the moon. Warm colors are more matched with comedy elements."

In order to enhance the aesthetics, Liang Tingting not only uses yellow with different lightness and saturation to increase the layering, but also skillfully adds elements such as white, sapphire blue and red to embellish, creating an unexpected "advanced" texture.

This design also makes Moon Man’s clothes stand out among the sci-fi films, which is unforgettable.

The "traditional" white spacesuit is applied to the dresses of other astronauts such as Ma Lanxing and glasses, which is in sharp contrast with Du Guyue and Gangzi, and it is also a visual adjustment.

"Tailor-made"

Details highlight the characteristics of people.

The service-oriented design of movies should not only pay attention to aesthetics, but also serve the characters and performances, and so should Moon Man.

Take the actor Du Guyue as an example. In the movie, he has eight sets of clothes, among which there are dozens of T-shirts with different patterns such as short sleeves and long sleeves, plus jackets, vests, suspenders and other equipment, which are countless.

In the specific design, in order to highlight the decadent state of the characters guarding the moon alone, the costume team seized a key word — — "greasy"

"He thought he was the only human being left, so at first he was in a state of ruin. We also made the clothes old and greasy, and the size was looser than normal, which highlighted the feeling of untidiness," Liang Tingting said.

At the same time, according to his status as a maintenance worker, the team also added a lot of clever ideas to the details, such as many pockets on the pants of work clothes and many small holes in the belt, which is convenient for carrying maintenance tools and so on.

With the development of the story and the change of Duguyue’s mentality, there are also different makeup and hairstyles to match it.

At the beginning, the "rotten" stage was unkempt and unshaven. After resuming contact with the earth, the appearance was immediately renewed and full of energy. Bags under the eyes, dark circles and decrees are obviously different from before.

If these are just routine operations, the hilarious "female kangaroo" shape is definitely a stroke of genius.When designing, Liang Tingting also started from the story itself: "What tools can Du Guyue use alone in the cabin? What kind of female kangaroo suit can you make? "

Finally, she chose to use hand-painted graffiti combined with Du Guyue’s casual clothes to create a "cartoon version" of the female kangaroo, which is full of childlike interest and joy, and has become one of the important burdens of the film.

Looking back to the earth, because we have just experienced a disaster, the overall dress style of human beings on earth is mainly simple.

The uniforms of base personnel such as Ma Lanxing are dominated by dark colors, all of which have been polished, and the design of uniforms is also based on simplicity, highlighting the capable and cool side of characters.

Among the post-disaster group images, the "No.1 Star" played is the most special, and the subversive bald hairstyle is full of laughter.

Liang Tingting was also deeply impressed by this: "Z.TAO played a star who was trapped in the subway by a disaster. In the end, there was no star burden and appearance concern at all. This bald shape is very helpful for him to show the inner state of the characters. "

"technology flow"

The design of spacesuit contains Gankun.

What’s it like to run and jump with Weiya on your back? This is the daily life of Shen Teng and the actor who plays King Kong Mouse on the set.

Liang Tingting revealed that the real spacesuit is even heavier than 40 kg, and its volume is even larger. When wearing it, actors can hardly make large-scale body movements such as turning their heads, reaching out and lifting their feet.

Therefore, the first step in the design is to "slim down" and "reduce the weight" of the spacesuit. First, the overall size is reduced, which is more suitable for human wear. Secondly, 3D printing is selected as the material, which effectively reduces the total weight.

According to the action requirements of different scenes, spacesuits will also be "ever-changing".

"The appearance looks the same, but the amount of relaxation is actually different. For example, if he wants to raise his hand or fight, he will relax more in his armpits, neck, back and other parts," Liang Tingting explained. "Such a person needs to prepare many sets of clothes, all of which add up to nearly 50 spacesuits. In this science fiction film, the amount of clothing is very large. "

Although the size and weight have been reduced, the modeling team insists that the basic functions and structure of the spacesuit cannot be changed, such as the closed structure in a vacuum environment, and the rigor of these details cannot be relaxed at all.

In addition to the basic design of the spacesuit, the screen on the chest of the arm, the life support system on the back and the helmet on the head also contain Gan Kun.The arm screen is not only decorative, but also as big as buttons and small as light bulbs. Most of them can be operated in real life. Strictly speaking, it belongs to the field of industrial design, which is a big challenge for the Liang Tingting team.

"The circuits and batteries inside are real. We can say that we have experienced the whole process of electronic products from design to production, and also broadened my design field."

Compared with Dugu Yue, it is undoubtedly more difficult to make King Kong mice wear spacesuits. Liang Tingting and his team have repeatedly studied and tested how to approach kangaroos infinitely in appearance and make actors move more easily.

They first studied the joint position and muscle direction of the kangaroo, and designed a "filler" to transform the actor’s figure into a kangaroo.

At the same time, in order to make the actors move more freely, the modeling team also designed several sets of King Kong mouse spacesuits to adapt to different postures such as squatting, jumping and sitting.

The most distinctive thing is the design of kangaroo’s "claws". Are the five fingers separated or put on gloves as a whole? Liang Tingting finally chose to combine realism with artistic processing, and his fingers can be opened and closed, especially in the scene of saying goodbye to Duguyue, where Gangzi kept scratching the hatch with gloves, which was both lovely and touching and impressive.

In this issue of "Behind the scenes" recording, the host also personally went into battle and experienced the feeling of becoming an "astronaut". Unexpectedly, the process of wearing a spacesuit only requires three people to help, which is very complicated and complicated. The life support system behind it is also quite heavy, which puts a lot of pressure on the spine.

After some practical experience, we can’t help but pay tribute to the actors and the behind-the-scenes team. Wearing a 40-kilogram spacesuit, you can imagine the efforts you have made to complete all kinds of actions under the condition that every move is very difficult.

Just as Hao Han, the actor who plays King Kong Mouse, has been preparing for a "faceless" role for 11 months without complaining, Liang Tingting and the modeling team are also "unsung heroes" behind Moon Man’s 2.9 billion box office.

Adding a touch of bright color to the film with costume modeling, Liang Tingting and Moon Man jointly completed a breakthrough and innovation of domestic science fiction.

CCTV News:The General Administration of Customs announced on March 7 that in the first two months of this year, China’s import and export of goods increased by 8.7% year-on-year, and exports reached double-digit growth, making foreign trade a "good start".

In the first two months of this year, the total import and export value of China’s goods trade was 6.61 trillion yuan, up 8.7% year-on-year. Among them, the export was 3.75 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10.3%; Imports reached 2.86 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 6.7%.

Behind the good start, China’s export growth performance is bright and its competitive advantage is consolidated. Exports of superior products such as automobiles, household appliances and ships increased by 15.8%, 24.3% and 180.6% respectively.

Diversified trading partners and vigorous private economy.

According to the data released by the General Administration of Customs, in the first two months of this year, the import and export of foreign trade between China and its major trading partners maintained a growth momentum, and the international market layout with close regional cooperation and diversified progress continued to be optimized.

Customs statistics show that in the first two months of this year, China imported and exported 3.13 trillion yuan to countries that jointly built the Belt and Road Initiative, up 9% year-on-year, accounting for 47.3% of China’s total import and export value. Among them, the import and export to ASEAN was 993.24 billion yuan, an increase of 8.1%; Imports and exports to five Central Asian countries reached 95.09 billion yuan, an increase of 26%. In the same period, the import and export to other RCEP member countries was 1.94 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.5%; Imports and exports to Latin America reached 587.48 billion yuan, up by 17.3%; Imports and exports to Africa reached 338.94 billion yuan, up by 17.3%.

After the Spring Festival, in Taizhou, the country’s largest private shipbuilding base and national ship export base, various ship companies are busy. In this dock, 14 ocean-going ships are being built at the same time.

At present, Jiangsu Taizhou has been successfully selected into the national advanced manufacturing cluster by virtue of its advantageous industries such as offshore equipment and high-tech ships. High-end ship types such as oil tankers, LNG dual-fuel power ships and super-large container ships are favored by the international market and become the "trump card" products for enterprises to attract international orders.

Develop new products, cultivate new formats, apply new technologies, and optimize market layout. Since the beginning of 2024, various departments and foreign trade entities in various regions have faced difficulties and taken measures simultaneously to seize new market opportunities and create new competitive advantages in innovation and change.

Customs statistics show that in the first two months of this year, the import and export of private enterprises in China was 3.61 trillion yuan, up 17.7% year-on-year, accounting for 54.6% of the total import and export value, up 4.2 percentage points from the same period last year.

"Going out to sea" service continues to increase, and enterprises seize the "spring economy"

At present, the "spring economy" has ushered in the peak of consumption. In overseas consumer markets, outdoor leisure products such as tents, beach chairs and travel bags are also popular among consumers. During this period, Ningbo Customs actively docked the enterprises exporting outdoor leisure products in its jurisdiction, sorted out the export difficulties and pain points of enterprises, and formulated a personalized supervision and protection plan to help enterprises seize the "spring economy".

Early in the morning, Ningbo Customs staff came to the company to give guidance on shipping, customs clearance, inspection and other issues in the export business of enterprises. The surge of orders and the extended shipping time compared with previous years have brought a lot of pressure to enterprises.

In March, the peak season of hiking and outing is coming, and outdoor leisure products will also usher in the peak season of sales. Ningbo Customs has further improved its overall supervision efficiency by implementing measures such as "reporting and checking immediately" and "booking customs clearance". At the same time, we will open up the whole chain of delivery policies and fully guarantee the timely delivery of corporate orders.

In 2024, it is planned to issue 1 trillion yuan of ultra-long-term special government bonds.

This year’s "Government Work Report" proposes that from this year, it is planned to issue ultra-long-term special government bonds for several consecutive years, specifically for the implementation of major national strategies and the building of security capabilities in key areas, with an initial issuance of 1 trillion yuan this year. Why do you want to issue "ultra-long-term special government bonds" this year? What is the significance of issuing ultra-long-term special government bonds?

National debt is a kind of government bond issued by the state to raise financial funds, which has the highest credit and is recognized as the safest investment tool. In the bond market, it is generally considered that interest rate bonds with a maturity of more than 10 years are "ultra-long-term bonds". The so-called "special" refers to the national debt issued for a specific goal with a clear purpose, and the funds need to be earmarked.

This year, China’s proactive fiscal policy should be "moderately strengthened", mainly by making good use of fiscal policy space, combining various policy tools, maintaining an appropriate expenditure scale, and promoting a sustained economic recovery.

Experts said that the ultra-long-term special national debt is aimed at two aspects, one is the implementation of major national strategies, and the other is the construction of security capacity in key areas. These areas are aimed at the long term and are closely combined with the task of Chinese modernization.

Wu Sa, deputy director of the Economic Research Institute of China Macroeconomic Research Institute, said that, for example, new urbanization, rural revitalization, rejuvenating the country through science and education, food security, energy security, etc., these areas are in urgent need of some medium-and long-term investments, and these investments will be issued through ultra-long-term special government bonds, because the issuance period of government bonds is longer, and the economic and social benefits in these areas are also longer, and they match each other and can better play the special pulling role of ultra-long-term government bonds.

China has tried visa-free policies for six countries including Switzerland since March 14th.

The Department of Consular Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced on March 7 that in order to further promote the exchange of Chinese and foreign personnel, China decided to expand the scope of visa-free countries and try out visa-free policies for ordinary passport holders in Switzerland, Ireland, Hungary, Austria, Belgium and Luxembourg. During the period from March 14th to November 30th, 2024, people with ordinary passports from the above-mentioned countries may come to China for business, sightseeing, visiting relatives and friends and transit for less than 15 days, and may enter China without a visa. Those who do not meet the visa-free conditions in the above countries still need to complete their visas to China before entering the country.

In February, the global manufacturing purchasing managers index was 49.1%.

China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing released on March 6th that the global purchasing managers’ index of manufacturing industry was 49.1% in February, down 0.2 percentage points from last month, and remained above 49% for two consecutive months. The recovery of global manufacturing industry is relatively stable, but it still maintains a low growth pattern. In February, the purchasing managers’ index of Asian manufacturing industry was 50.3%, which remained above 50% for two consecutive months.

For the first time, China telecom enterprises obtained the international telecom code number resources of satellite communication services.

The reporter learned from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology that China Telecom Group Co., Ltd. has been approved by the international telecommunications department recently, and obtained the user dialing number and network identification number of Tiantong satellite service. This is the first time that China telecom enterprises have obtained international telecom code number resources for satellite communication services.

The "Silk Road Shipping" route has exceeded 14,000 times.

According to Xiamen Customs, by the end of February, the "Silk Road Shipping" route had operated more than 14,000 times, and the container throughput exceeded 16.6 million TEUs, reaching 106 ports in 37 countries and regions jointly building the "Belt and Road".

The two departments issued opinions to minimize the inconvenience of litigation for disabled people.

On March 6th, the Supreme People’s Court and China Disabled Persons’ Federation jointly issued their opinions, and for the first time made specific specifications for the barrier-free environment construction of litigation service places of people’s courts. Encourage qualified courts to make special marks on cases involving disabled persons, so as to realize priority in filing, trial and execution. For the disabled who can’t handle litigation matters independently on the spot, arrange special personnel to provide agency and deputy services.

Haixi, Qinghai: Red deer, a national second-class protected animal, appears in wetland park.

A few days ago, a photographer took a moving picture of the national second-class protected animal red deer in Buha River Wetland Park, Tianjun County, Haixi Prefecture, Qinghai Province. There are dozens of red deer in this group. They take a leisurely walk in the wetland park, stop and watch from time to time, and then queue up to cross the river ice. In recent years, with the improvement of local ecological environment, more and more wild animals thrive here.

　　[News] is a company that never lacks exposure. Any sound about Tesla is the focus of the automotive media, and even occupies the headline position from time to time. In the first half of 2018, Tesla’s exposure seems to have been raised to a higher level, and unfortunately, most of them are bad news. News about mass production bottlenecks, crazy money burning, executives leaving, and massive layoffs is endless. Some analysts even predict that Tesla will not survive this year.

　　Fortunately, at the beginning of the second half of 2018, Tesla finally ushered in two good news. On July 1, Tesla announced that it had delivered 5,000 vehicles per week, reaching the previous planning goal. On July 10th, Tesla signed an investment agreement with Shanghai Lingang Management Committee and Lingang Group for the pure electric vehicle project, planning to invest in the construction of a super factory with an annual production capacity of 500,000 vehicles, which means that Tesla’s localized production in China has gone further.

　　Can solving the delivery dilemma and realizing local production in China help Tesla get out of the predicament? This article will combine Tesla’s current situation to do one or two interpretations.

Read the full text in 30 seconds:

1. Tesla, which has been negative since the first half of 2018, urgently needs to boost investor confidence by realizing profitability. Musk is ensuring Tesla to achieve profitability in the third quarter of this year by solving the delivery dilemma and mass layoffs.

2. Realizing the landing of China factory is the most important card in Musk’s hand, and now this card is playing a positive role. However, China’s new management policy on investment in the automobile industry has not yet been finalized, and the tension caused by the Sino-US trade war makes it uncertain when Tesla can truly localize production.

3. In addition to the delivery dilemma, burning money crazily and the uncertainty of China’s localized production, Tesla is currently facing multi-dimensional challenges, including the departure of the core senior management team, the challenges of traditional and new car companies, and the substantial increase of import tariffs on Tesla China under the background of Sino-US trade war.

　　■ Profitability is Tesla’s most urgent thing at present.

　　Tesla was founded in 2003, and in the development history of nearly 15 years, it only achieved profitability in two quarters. In 2017, Tesla lost as much as $2.2 billion, setting the highest annual loss. Crazy burning of money and sustained losses are becoming one of the main reasons why airdrop organizations look down on Tesla.

　　The key to the profitability of automobile enterprises lies in large-scale production, so as to amortize the previous research and development costs, production equipment costs and staff costs. It is generally believed in the industry that a car with a production quantity of more than 100,000 vehicles is considered as large-scale production and can achieve profitability. Up to now, Tesla has sold four models:,, and Model 3. In 2017, Tesla delivered a total of 103,181 products, of which Roadster stopped selling in 2012 and delivered the remaining three models. It can be seen that Tesla’s average annual sales of each model is less than 35,000 units, which is still far from achieving profitability.

　　Model 3 is Tesla’s most profitable model. According to the official news of Tesla, as of the end of the second quarter of this year, Tesla delivered 28,386 Model 3s, and the remaining number of reservations was about 420,000. Tesla had planned to mass-produce 5,000 Model 3 vehicles per week by the end of 2017. At this speed, Model 3 will achieve the annual delivery target of 260,000 vehicles. If these products can be successfully delivered, Tesla will turn losses into profits in one fell swoop.

　　However, the ideal is full, but the reality is skinny. The mass production planning of Model 3 was not as smooth as expected, and the goal of 5000 vehicles/week dived more than once, which was delayed until the end of June this year. On July 1st, Musk announced on Twitter that he had achieved a production of 7,000 vehicles/week, including 5,031 Model 3s.

　　However, some analysts pointed out that Tesla’s output of 7,000 vehicles/week was unsustainable, which was barely completed by forcing employees to work overtime for 6*12 hours and setting up a temporary production line in tents. Tesla did not fundamentally solve the mass production capacity of Model 3. More foreign media accused Tesla of meeting the delivery target at the expense of product quality, saying that it omitted the "braking and rolling" test link of Model 3.

　　Whether the delivery target can be achieved is closely related to Tesla’s profit. At present, Musk is taking this goal very seriously. In addition to nervously pushing the delivery target, Musk also decided to lay off about 9% of employees and strive to achieve profitability in the third quarter of this year.

　　Musk has repeatedly stressed that Tesla has no further financing needs, so why is this year’s profit so important? According to Bloomberg analysis, Tesla is losing money at a rate of $6,500 per minute. Without a new round of financing, Tesla will go bankrupt at the end of August this year. Goldman Sachs also predicts that by 2020, Tesla will need to raise $10 billion to continue its development. Tesla is not without financing needs, but Musk needs to refinance at a high premium.

　　Long-term losses have also put Musk’s own situation in jeopardy. According to foreign media reports on April 27, Tesla’s shareholders have proposed that the board of directors nominate an independent chairman to replace Musk. It can be seen that it is very important for Tesla and Musk to achieve profitability within this year.

　　■ The establishment of a factory in China brings benefits and uncertainties.

　　China is the country with the largest automobile market and the largest driving force for new energy vehicles, which is undoubtedly an "ideal city" for Tesla’s global development. Tesla has always had the idea of building an independent factory in China. However, due to the previous management policy of China’s automobile industry, the shareholding ratio of foreign-funded factories in China should not be higher than 50%, and Tesla’s plan to land in China has been delayed so far. On June 28 this year, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Commerce officially promulgated the Special Administrative Measures for Foreign Investment Access (Negative List) (2018 Edition), announcing that new energy automobile joint ventures will no longer limit the share ratio from this year.

　　The relaxation of the policy has brought opportunities to Tesla’s demand for wholly-owned factories in China. On June 6th, Musk announced at Tesla’s 2018 shareholders’ meeting that Tesla will build a factory in Shanghai, China, with the name Dreadnought, which will produce power batteries and assemble complete vehicles at the same time. Dreadnought will be Tesla’s first factory outside the United States.

　　Negative-ridden Tesla urgently needs some "positive energy" to boost investor confidence. On July 10th, Musk personally visited Shanghai and signed an investment agreement with relevant departments in Shanghai to promote the localized production of Tesla China. According to the plan, Tesla’s annual output of 500,000 pure electric vehicles will land in Shanghai Lingang District, which is the largest foreign-funded manufacturing project in Shanghai and the first wholly foreign-owned car-making project in China, which is undoubtedly good news for Tesla.

　　However, this does not mean that Tesla has landed in China. According to informed sources, the two sides signed only a memorandum of cooperation, and the specific details have not yet been finalized. This is only the first step for Tesla to establish a factory in China and realize local production. After that, Tesla will also apply for the approval of car-making projects like China’s new car-making enterprises, and then formally apply for the qualification of car-making.

　　At present, the management of electric vehicle qualification examination and approval in China is becoming stricter, and the relevant policies are still in the stage of soliciting opinions. At the same time, the local new car-making enterprises in China have long queued up. Take the cars that have also built factories in Shanghai as an example. At present, our production is based on automobile qualification, and Weilai Automobile also hopes to solve the qualification problem by building factories in Shanghai. Whether there is a conflict between Tesla and Weilai in obtaining qualifications, and how the Shanghai municipal government will choose, is still unknown. As far as the progress of obtaining qualifications is concerned, it may take some time for Tesla, and it may be after 2020 when the factory is officially put into production.

　　This time, Tesla plans to build a car-making project with an annual production capacity of 500,000 vehicles, and the production capacity planning has surpassed that of all new car-making enterprises in China. In the new draft of the investment policy for the automobile industry, it is required that the project construction scale should be above the bottom line of 100,000 vehicles per year, without setting an upper limit. However, under the background of the country’s overall control of automobile production capacity and prevention of overcapacity, it seems that there is little hope to approve the production capacity of 500,000 vehicles to Tesla at one time. From Tesla’s own point of view, Tesla delivered just over 100,000 vehicles in 2017. In contrast, the annual production capacity planning of 500,000 vehicles is more like a long-term goal.

　　■ Tesla also faces multidimensional challenges.

　　Brain drain

　　Mass production and profitability are the core issues facing Tesla. In addition, the frequent departure of executives is also a bad sign for Tesla. In the first half of this year, nearly 10 executives have left Tesla, including the chief financial officer, global sales and service, and vice president of autonomous driving.

　　The employees of an enterprise are often the people who know the living conditions of the enterprise best, and the sharp brain drain means that the employees are anxious and distrustful of the development prospects of the enterprise. In addition, talent is often the core competitiveness of an enterprise. Tesla is facing the loss of executives in many fields. Even if the mass production problem is solved in the future, the absence of core management will cast a shadow over Tesla’s future development.

　　Competition in electric vehicle market intensifies.

　　In addition to the internal challenges, Tesla’s pressure also comes from the transformation of traditional car companies and the rise of new car companies. Just at the beginning of the month, when Musk showed off 7,000 weekly mass production results on twitter, Steven Armstrong, CEO of Europe, sneered that it only took Ford four hours to produce 7,000 products.

　　In the field of electric vehicles, Tesla is undoubtedly a brave pioneer, because it doesn’t have a huge and heavy business system like traditional car companies, and there is no burden of sweet profit cakes for fuel vehicles. Tesla travels lightly and simply, breaking the high barriers of the traditional automobile industry and entering the vision of traditional automobile giants as an intruder.

　　Although Tesla has made some achievements in the field of electric vehicles, traditional car companies are not convinced. Traditional car companies believe that Tesla is not lost in technology and production, but it has not yet been laid out. Subject to the huge scale system, traditional car companies should be cautious every time they turn around and make every decision. However, driven by the transformation of automobile electrification represented by China market, it is the general trend to develop more energy-saving automobile products, otherwise it will face severe administrative, fiscal and taxation penalties.

　　In this context, traditional car companies at home and abroad have begun to lay out electric vehicle products in succession, covering almost all high, medium and low strains. In the long run, Tesla’s unique situation in the field of electric vehicles will be ended.

　　Internationally, almost all traditional car companies, such as,, and so on, have started to market electric vehicle products one after another. Audi’s first pure electric Audi e-tron production version is expected to be officially released in August this year, with a price of $96,000, which is against the Tesla Model X P100D. As early as February 2011, BMW put forward the I series brand strategy, which represents the layout of BMW Group in the field of electric vehicles, and has mass-produced two products and. Mercedes-Benz also launched the electric vehicle sub-brand EQ in 2016.

　　China brand electric vehicles start from the low end, which is not at the level of competition with Tesla. However, China brand has also begun to explore the upward development path of the brand. In April 2018, SAIC launched the Marvel X, an electric supercar, with the intention of benchmarking Tesla. In addition, Geely’s and its brands have launched plug-in models, and plans to launch high-performance electric vehicles in the future. At the same time, new car-making enterprises such as Weilai and Baiteng have appeared in the China market, and these enterprises take Tesla as an example, hoping to build electric smart cars that can compete with Tesla.

　　Import tariff increase

　　China is Tesla’s second largest market. In 2017, Tesla’s total revenue was $11.76 billion, and China’s market revenue was $2.03 billion. According to the average selling price, Tesla should sell more than 20,000 electric vehicles in the China market in 2017, accounting for about 20% of the annual sales.

　　In the context of the Sino-US trade war, on June 16th, the State Council Customs Tariff Commission issued an announcement, deciding to impose a 25% tariff on 659 imported goods originating in the United States, of which the tariff adjustment on automobiles will be implemented from July 6th, 2018. This means that Tesla’s import tariff has been raised from the initial 15% to 40% since July 6. The prices of all Tesla products have increased, with the largest increase exceeding 260,000 yuan.

　　Full text summary:Although Tesla has been negative recently, it is still the most potential enterprise and the most promising enterprise among Chinese and foreign emerging car-making enterprises. The problems encountered by Tesla are difficult for all emerging car manufacturers to completely avoid. Intelligent electric vehicles represented by Tesla are bound to be the development trend of automobile products in the future. Whether mass production can be successfully solved, profitability can be realized, and whether local production can be successfully realized in China are the most critical steps for Tesla. Solving many problems will win more time and capital for Tesla. (Text/car home Xiao Ying)

"What I care about most is the most precious thing left by Chinese civilization through vicissitudes. Our culture continues to flow and then pass on, and these treasures left behind must be taken care of and cherished by all means. " Not long ago, when visiting the Central General Hall of China National Edition Pavilion, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said earnestly.

Treasures are collected in museums, written in ancient books and displayed on the vast land. For these cultural relics and cultural heritages bearing the genes and blood of the Chinese nation, the Supreme Leader General Secretary cherishes them.

From the inheritance of cultural heritage to the protection of natural heritage, from strengthening the protection and utilization of material cultural heritage to stimulating the innovation vitality of intangible cultural heritage … … The general secretary cares about and promotes the protection of cultural and natural heritage from the strategic height of retaining cultural roots and keeping the soul of the nation.

June 10th this year is Cultural and Natural Heritage Day. Let’s follow the supreme leader’s "cultural footprint" and realize his earnest expectations for inheriting and protecting historical and cultural heritage and natural heritage and promoting the rejuvenation of Chinese civilization.

Pay attention to a mountain — — Message "This article should be done well"

The purpose of applying for the World Heritage is to better protect and utilize it. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has given important instructions to "carefully protect the cultural heritage left by our ancestors so that the historical context can be better passed down".

On the evening of December 1, 1999, Wuyishan City, Fujian Province was in a festive and lively atmosphere.

At the 23rd World Heritage Conference held in Morocco, Wuyishan was listed in the World Heritage List, which became the fourth double heritage of world culture and nature in China, and also achieved a breakthrough of zero world heritage in Fujian Province.

The next day, the supreme leader of the then acting governor sent a letter to the Wuyishan Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, congratulating the success of the application.

“‘ World cultural and natural heritage ’ This intangible value is immeasurable, and it has far-reaching significance for the future development of Wuyishan tourism, and it will soon bring a tourism boom. " Half a month later, the supreme leader went to Nanping for investigation, spoke highly of Wuyishan’s "Double World Heritage" and encouraged "this article should be done well".

At the end of 1990s, Wuyishan, which is "a wonder in the southeast", began to declare the World Heritage. At that time, the deputy secretary of the provincial party Committee and the supreme leader paid close attention to the progress of the declaration and actively coordinated and promoted the relevant work.

△ On March 22, 2021, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader was in Zhu Xi Garden, Wuyishan, Nanping, Fujian, to learn about Zhu Xi’s life and neo-Confucianism.

At that time, many people thought that Wuyi Mountain’s application for the World Heritage might be to obtain natural heritage, and it might not be able to get the cultural heritage in the vast cultural ocean of the world.

The site of Seoul, a city village with a heavy history, is an important part of the application for the World Heritage. It can be said that it is precisely because of the ancient Seoul that Wuyishan’s "Double World Heritage" was created. In the process of applying for the World Heritage, the Fujian Provincial Department of Culture began to build the Fujian-Vietnam Wangcheng Museum to undertake the protection and management of the Seoul ruins in Chengcun. The Fujian Provincial Party Committee Organizational Committee, headed by the Supreme Leader, actively supported it.

△ Minyue Wangcheng Museum. The site of Seoul has a history of more than 2,200 years, and it is the largest and best-preserved city site of the Han Dynasty found in southern China so far.

With the concerted efforts of all parties concerned, the site of Chengcun Seoul passed the inspection and was praised as "Pompeii City of China" by the UNESCO World Heritage Delegation.

World heritage should not only be used, but also protected. The supreme leader is very concerned about the protection of Wuyi Mountain’s "Double World Heritage". In December, 2001, he made a special trip to inspect the ruins of Seoul, Wuyishan City Village, and told him that "ancient Seoul is a cultural national treasure, which should be carefully studied and rationally developed" and that "development should follow scientific laws and form a research trend of sustainable development".

Based on this, the archaeological excavation of Seoul site has been continuously increased. In December 2013, Chengcun Seoul Archaeological Site Park was included in the second batch of national archaeological site parks. At the end of last year, the park was successfully selected into the list of national archaeological sites parks.

Listen to an epic poem — — Encourage to "carry forward the excellent traditional culture of all ethnic groups"

Manas, handed down from generation to generation, is one of the three major epics of China’s ethnic minorities, which are equally famous as Gesar and Jianger, and it is a classic to praise heroes.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader mentioned this heroic epic many times. During his trip to Xinjiang in July 2022, the Supreme Leader watched the rap show of Manas in the Museum of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.

△ On July 13th, 2022, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader was in the Museum of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, together with the inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage of Manas.

"How long can you sing?" The general secretary asked with a smile.

"I can’t finish singing all day and all night." Jiang Nur, the inheritor and herder of Manas, replied.

"I can only sing for 60 minutes." The 14-year-old apprentice who had been studying art since he was 3 years old was ashamed.

"It’s not easy!" The general secretary said to the teenagers, "The younger generation should be well trained, and the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage should be better strengthened to carry forward the excellent traditional culture of all ethnic groups."

"Have you encountered any difficulties?"

"I want the whole world to know about Manas." Jiang Nur’s eyes are full of longing.

"Is to spread to the world. They are not only ethnic minorities, but also precious wealth in the treasure house of Chinese culture. Chinese culture should better communicate and learn from other cultures. The CPC Central Committee attaches importance to and supports this work. " The general secretary said affirmatively after listening.

Because China has been making continuous efforts to protect intangible cultural heritage, Manas, which once faced the crisis of loss, has revived. In recent years, Manas has not only been translated into many languages and widely published, but also operas based on it have been staged many times. This heroic epic has entered a broader cultural field.

When visiting ethnic minority areas, the Supreme Leader General Secretary often pays attention to the protection and inheritance of ethnic minority cultures — — Learn about the texture of Tibetan carpets in Qinghai, ring Wa wooden drums in Yunnan, and attend a blessing ceremony in Inner Mongolia.

△ On January 27th, 2014, at the winter "Five Livestock Blessing" ceremony in Nadam, Baoligen Sumu (township), Xilinhot City, Inner Mongolia, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader dipped his ring finger in fresh milk in a silver bowl and played it three times in accordance with Mongolian customs, wishing good weather, prosperity of five animals and happiness and well-being of the people in the coming year.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "Chinese civilization is profound and has a long history, and it is formed by the confluence of excellent cultures of all ethnic groups."

It is the fertile soil of multi-ethnic culture rooted in harmony but different that has contributed to the everlasting Chinese culture. This is the important wisdom that Chinese civilization has become the only civilization in the world that has not been interrupted and has developed to this day.

Investigating a Temple — — Admonish "to strengthen cultural self-confidence"

"A father and son three-word guest, four people through the ages." In Meishan city, the streets and lanes are full of profound cultural atmosphere because of the three Soviet fathers and sons.

On June 8 last year, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader who visited Sichuan walked into Sansu Temple.

Front hall, dining hall, Qixian Hall, Laifengxuan … … The general secretary walked all the way to think.

△ Sansu Temple

"A drop of water can see the sun, and a Sansu Temple can see the profoundness of our Chinese culture. We say that we should strengthen our cultural self-confidence, and China has ‘ Sansu ’ This is an important example. " The general secretary said with emotion.

From cultural self-confidence to road self-confidence, he said: "The Chinese nation has a long history of civilization of more than 5,000 years, and we are leading the people along the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must be good at learning the ideas and thinking of governing the country from the excellent traditional Chinese culture, and learn from all the outstanding achievements of civilization in the world. We must not be closed and rigid, and we must not take foreign things as the standard. "

The road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics came out under the guidance of Marxism, and it also came out from the history of Chinese civilization for more than 5,000 years.

At the recent symposium on cultural inheritance and development, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clearly pointed out: "Why is our socialism different? Why can it be full of vitality? The key lies in the characteristics of China, and the key to the characteristics of China lies in ‘ Two combinations ’ 。” “‘ The second combination ’ It is another ideological emancipation that allows us to make full use of the valuable resources of Chinese excellent traditional culture in a broader cultural space and explore future-oriented theoretical and institutional innovations. "

△ Interior of "Wenhan Pavilion" in the Central General Pavilion of China National Edition Pavilion. On the dome of the starry sky is an astronomical map of stone carvings in the Song Dynasty, which conveys the meaning of "Wenhan Pavilion": Chinese civilization is as vast and bright as the starry sky.

Chinese civilization endows Chinese-style modernization with profound connotation, and Chinese-style modernization endows Chinese civilization with modern strength.

In the decade of the new era, with the attention and guidance of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, China’s cultural and natural heritage protection has been developing continuously — —

China has 56 world heritages, ranking second in the world in total.

Up to now, China has identified more than 100,000 non-legacy representative projects at all levels. Forty-three projects are listed on the UNESCO Intangible Heritage List, ranking first in the world.

By the end of 2021, more than 2.7 million copies of ancient books had been registered, more than 3.85 million pieces of ancient books had been restored, and 17 national and industrial standards for the protection of ancient books had been formulated and promulgated.

At present, China has announced 140 national historical and cultural cities and 6,819 traditional villages in China; There are more than 36,000 immovable revolutionary cultural relics in China, and more than 1 million movable revolutionary cultural relics in state-owned collections.

Only by not forgetting the original can we create the future.

As the general secretary said: "The best inheritance of history is to create a new history; The greatest respect for human civilization is to create a new form of human civilization. "

On the new journey, the sons and daughters of China will strengthen their cultural self-confidence, take on the mission and work hard to create a new culture belonging to our time and build a modern civilization of the Chinese nation.

Producer: Geng Zhimin

Producer Xing Lai

Editor-in-Chief Ning Lili

Write Zhang Yanan.

Visual sense Jiang yuhang

In Renaissance painters, a flowing long blond hair always made the characters shine with divine brilliance. Whether it’s Venus, the goddess of love rising from the sea in Sandro Botticelli’s works, or Flora, the goddess of flowers surrounded by flowers, there is a warmth of love between the gossamers. However, long blond hair is not the patent of the goddess, and there are also many men who are in the wind and fog. For example, in Diu Lei’s self-portrait in 1500, the thick and curly long dark golden hair almost falls symmetrically from the painter’s head, which makes people feel unreal.

Details of "Flower God" in Botticelli’s Spring (1482)

The deepest line about "hair" in German poetry in the 20th century is undoubtedly Death fugue (TodesfugeThe last two sentences in) are right. In this poem, words take the place of notes, accumulating strength continuously, and finally pouring down:

Margaret with your golden hair,

Your book girl with ashes-like hair.

Paul Celan didn’t use the "blond" which usually describes the blue-eyed blonde of German beauty, but chose the "golden" which makes "Margaret" more divine. This word is in sharp contrast with the word "aschen" that describes the Jewish beauty "Shulamier", which is obviously reminiscent of the crematorium in the context of Holocaust literature. So we read the initial shallow opposition between these two sentences: on the one hand, a fierce abuser, and on the other hand, a weak Jewish victim, separated by a precipice.

Albrecht Diu Lei’s Self-Portrait in a Fur Coat (1500)

However, the expression "Margaret with golden hair" still hides a more profound symbolic meaning, which requires tracing back to two famous female images in the history of German literature.

Lorelei with "golden hair"

The first image is Loreley, a witch in German folklore. Clemens Brentano, a romantic writer, wrote in his novel Godfrey (GodwiAfter telling this story in the form of narrative poem, the cliff stone with a height of 132 meters at the big bend in the middle reaches of the Rhine River was covered with a mysterious veil. Since then, this beautiful but cruel witch has also appeared in eichendorff’s narrative poem "Question and Answer in the Woods" (Waldgespr?ch), but what really makes this story a household name is Heinrich Heine’s lyric poem Lorelei in 1824 (Lorelei), especially coupled with romantic composer Friedrich Silcher’s melancholy and sentimental composition, makes Heine’s poetry almost equal to this legend (for the misunderstanding of Heine’s poetry caused by Schecher’s composition, please refer to the author’s musical interpretation of Lorelei. See The Art of German Music Poetry, East China Normal University Press, 2021). Like "Margaret with golden hair", Heine’s witches also have a heady "golden hair", and the third and fourth paragraphs of the poem write:

The most beautiful girl,

Sitting upright on high places,

The gold ornaments sparkled with youth,

She combed her golden hair.

The gold comb is light and the hair is trimmed.

And sing a song,

The tune of this ballad,

There are attractive secrets.

(translated by Jiang Linjing)

Although dressed in a simple coat, a careful reading reveals that Heine’s poem describing witches is very strange: he repeated the word "golden" three times in three consecutive lines, describing Lorelei’s jewelry, hair and comb respectively. What is displayed in front of the readers is a girl who is not particularly touching except for the golden light shining all over her body, which makes it difficult for people to love. So the boatman who yearned for Lorelei described in the fourth paragraph could only sigh:

A boatman in a canoe

Suddenly I was sad,

He didn’t look at the reef,

He only looks high.

(translated by Jiang Linjing)

However, this doomed tragedy is by no means the return of the romantic party to the medieval tradition of "elegant love". The sadness caused by unattainable love only floats on the surface of words, and romantic irony is surging in the muscles below. Is this witch shining with golden light really worth dying for? The witch sitting on the high cliff is like a mirror image of the banshee of Sai Ren in ancient Greece, who charms the boatmen coming and going with songs. Her long hair is the secret weapon of "femme fatale", which grinds the wounds of love to the core.

John William Waterhouse’s The Banshee of Sai Ren (1900)

In fact, girls with long hair often indicate the impending death in medieval paintings. In a painting entitled "Three Years of Life and Death" by Hans Baldung, a painter who is good at depicting "death and the maiden" (Die drei Lebensalter und der Tod) in the oil painting, both the baby and the old woman show fear in the face of death, and only the fair-skinned blonde girl is intoxicated with her beauty in the mirror, completely unaware of the death at hand. Holding high the torch of youth, who can pay attention to the hourglass of death? In the spectacular tapestry of Revelation (Tenture de l’Apocalypse), the Babylonian whore is also portrayed as a long-haired beauty who combs her hair with one hand and looks at herself in the mirror with the other.

Carl Joseph Beggs’s Lorelei (1835)

Attentive readers can indeed find faint clues alluding to Lorelei in Death Fugue. When the image of "Margaret" first appeared in the sixth line of the poem ("He wrote a letter to Margaret with golden hair in Germany"), Celan chose the same word as Heine used to describe the background of the legend of "Lorelei": "Esdunkelt"-a time to step into darkness and lead to tragedy.

In the second year of writing this poem, Heine was quietly baptized and became a Protestant, but the relationship between this Jewish poet and Protestantism was actually extremely ambiguous. The boatman who was attracted by the dazzling sound of Lorelei’s phantom and looked up to the heights was an allusion to the poet’s Jewish identity. The witch with "golden hair" represents "Germany" in the poet’s eyes in a sense-as high as a goddess sitting on a cliff stone, beyond reach. Although the poet did see his own shadow in the boatman who was infatuated with Lorelei, he finally let "I" jump out of the Rhine legend in the last paragraph and look at the doomed fate of this man who suffered from love trauma and racial discrimination with lament and self-mockery:

I guess the waves finally swallowed up.

The boatman and the boat;

Lorelena’s song,

Make it all happen.

(translated by Jiang Linjing)

As a Jewish poet who also wrote in German, Celan’s feelings for Germany are more complicated than Heine’s: Germany is obviously the "master of death" and the executioner who killed his parents, but German is also the poet’s cultural language and creative language. His poems are nourished by both Jewish and German water sources, just as he wrote in an untitled poem in his later years: "I drink from two cups". Heine saw his own shadow in the boatman who looked up at the blonde witch, and Celan used the double mirror image in "Margaret with golden hair" to reflect her love and hate for Germany.

"Margaret" with Long Hair and "Eternal Woman"

The second literary image is Margarete, the heroine in the first tragedy of Goethe’s Faust, also known as Gretchen. Faust, who became a charming teenager after making a pact with the devil, fell in love with Margaret, a girl who was like a white jade. The girl was tempted, gave birth to an illegitimate child with Faust despite the opposition of her family, and drowned the baby in despair. In the last scene of the first tragedy, Faust, with the help of the devil, went to prison to rescue Gan Qingqing, but he could not convince her. Gan Qingqing in prison thinks that she should be punished for her crime, but firmly believes that God will save her penitent soul.

Henrik Frans Safr’s Faust and Sweet Tears (1863)

There is a scene in the play that depicts Margaret combing her hair in the boudoir and discovering the jewels that Faust was lured by the devil and quietly left in the wardrobe, so she dressed up carefully and lamented that the exquisite jewels made the mirror more radiant. The image of a tearful girl who combs her hair in a mirror is reminiscent of the girl in death and the maiden. This scene has indeed become a turning point in the fate of Gan Qingqing, and the girl has since fallen into the abyss of perdition and moved closer to death step by step. Faust has aroused great concern in European literary circles, and Margaret (Gan Tears Qing) has also become the representative of "German women" in world literature, and many painters have described her as a typical German beauty with "blonde hair and blue eyes".

Schnoor Carrolsfield’s Faust and Gan Tears in Prison (1833)

Let’s turn our attention to the last scene of the whole poetic drama. In front of the mysterious finale chorus "das Ewig-Weibliche", three penitent women’s solos appeared, in which we can explore the strange deformation of Margaret’s image.

The first appearance is the "sinful woman" (Magna peccatrix). This "sinful woman" can be said to be the most famous repentant female image in Christianity: once a prostitute, she wept bitterly at Jesus’ feet and used her hair to dry Jesus’ feet wet with tears. Although her name is not specified in the Gospels, the Catholic tradition generally equates her with Maria Magdalena. In the history of art, painters like to describe her as a peerless beauty with long hair shawls, with a jade bottle filled with perfume beside her, and her eyes will never stop at the glitz of the world. Georges de la Tour, a French painter, asked her head to turn to the deep place, and the long-haired beauty who was immersed in meditation ignored the jewelry discarded on the table and put her hands together on the skeleton symbolizing "people will die". Tiziano Vecellio made her look up at the sky devoutly, and her long curly hair became the only cover for her naked body.

The last appearance in the mysterious chorus is "Maria Aegyptiaca". According to The Golden Legend (Legenda aurea) records, she worked as a prostitute in Alexandria for seventeen years. One day, she met some sailors who wanted to go to Jerusalem and begged them to take her with her. When she arrived in Jerusalem, she seemed to be blocked by an invisible force and could not cross the threshold of the temple. So she confessed and repented, vowed to renounce the world and finally entered the temple. After walking out of the temple, Mary of Egypt immediately took three loaves of bread into the desert for seclusion. For forty-seven years, her clothes were tattered and she covered herself with long hair. When she was hungry, she used bread that was as hard as stone, but never stopped. In traditional icon paintings and sculptures, long hair and three loaves of bread are the symbols of this "desert hermit".

Georges De La Tour’s Mary Magdalene in Candlelight (about 1625-1650)

At the end of Faust’s tragedy, Mary Magdalene, Mary of Egypt and "Mulier Samaritana" formed a strange "Mary Group", begging for Margaret and asking God to forgive her sins.

Like Margaret, the tragic heroine of Faust, the three penitent saints all committed the so-called adultery and were rejected by their neighbors. They were all lonely marginal people, but their hearts were open, and they did not stubbornly refuse the sacred love or avoid the suffering they deserved. Just like flowing long hair, it can be as gentle as velvet or as tough as sandalwood root. The long hair that falls freely can be an open temptation or a sheltered holiness. Daniel Arasse, a French art critic, also mentioned the contradiction behind the virgin’s excessively thick hair in "We See Nothing". If the beautiful long hair symbolizes the once dirty life, and the painter wants to show their holiness after repentance, why not just let them abandon their long hair and show their true abstinence? Why highlight their hair so exaggeratedly? Because long hair contains the temptation and danger of sensuality, but it also contains the strength of softness and weakness. It is a transition, a transition from a once pure white girl to a polluted Margaret, and a transition from a tragic Margaret in the first part to a bright virgin Margaret in the second part. Margaret, who rejected the earthly "salvation" and chose eternal "redemption" in the first tragedy, finally joined this "Mary group" and begged for Faust’s soul. Make Faust’s soul follow the "eternal woman" to a higher level.

These "eternal women" are different from the men who "clench their fists" represented by Faust (in German, "Faust" means "fist") and never stop trying to climb. Their strength comes from love. In the second part of the tragedy, Faust’s own behavior is becoming more and more noble and pure. However, Goethe believes that it is not enough to have his own efforts, and he has to rely on "help" to obtain the highest happiness, and that help is "eternal love". These three penitent saints, like Gan Tears Qing, all symbolize the process from "broken" to "perfect". They are "perfect" because they accept their own "broken". It is these seemingly negative and weak eternal women who finally guide Prometheus-style strong men to rise.

Anseur Keefer’s Margaret with Your Golden Hair (1980)

Let’s go back to the end of Death Fugue. "Margaret with your golden hair" and "the girl with your ashes-like hair" are obviously the peaks of many parody fugues in this century’s poem (for the interpretation of "musicality" in Death Fugue, please refer to my humble article, see The Art of German Musical Poetry, East China Normal University Press, 2021). The opposition of "German-Jewish women" in Celan’s poems is not completely hostile in essence. Lorelei, the witch, the sweet tears in Faust, and the "eternal woman", these traditional images originated from German folk, German classic literature and Christianity are gathered together by Celan in an unconventional way, which constitutes a unique metaphorical cluster of "Margaret with golden hair". When we finally put this deep cluster together with the "ash-like hair girl of Shulami", we will find that this opposition is extremely sad, but there is no hatred. Brutal killing and romantic melancholy, dangerous temptation and eternal love overlap in "Margaret with golden hair" She embodies the ultimate contradiction of Germany, just as Friedrich Nietzsche called Richard Wagner’s Tristan and isolde (Tristan und Isolde) shows "the same horror and sweetness", just like the title of the poem "Death fugue": Germany produced a cruel massacre and also gave birth to accurate fugue counterpoint.

Beauty is pain, lust is torture, and compassion comes from trauma. Poetry touched Celan’s wound, but it was difficult to heal him. His poems stagnated between the inextricable connection between Germany and Judaism and the irreconcilable pain, and his body finally sank to the bottom of the icy Seine River. But who knows, when he falls in the water, when the moment of his final sleep comes, when the lines of his flesh are full of fear of death, whether his heart has been filled with eternal love, whether his soul has been as white and frank as Faust, and has been led by those "eternal women" who have appeared in his life and poems, and has risen to the starry sky?

This article first appeared in Book City (June, 2022), and was published by The Paper under the authorization of Book City.

　　　 Special feature of 1905 film network Since last year’s film and September this year’s film, another "Youth Movie" has appeared on the big screen in China on October 28th. From the box office point of view, the film’s performance is not bad. Since its release in North America on September 19, it has received $11.25 million from 3,604 cinemas and easily won the one-day championship. And its premiere weekend accounted for 32.5 million US dollars, and easily won the weekend championship; By the end of September, the global cumulative box office has reached 149 million US dollars, and it has topped the box office charts in more than ten countries/regions.

　　　 However, although the film is excellent in production and the lineup of Cass is also Starlight Glimmer, it is not difficult to see that many viewers have many doubts about the content of the film from the comments since its release. Many viewers who haven’t read the original novel have repeatedly complained that many plots of the film are inexplicable and some characters are far-fetched and rough. Let’s combine the comments of fans to sort out several controversial points in this film:

The original paper version of james dashner’s moving maze trilogy adds up to more than 1000 pages.

The original volume is huge: the adaptation is hard to hide, far-fetched and rough

　　　 The Maze Runner is adapted from the first book of the trilogy of dystopian science fiction with the same name written by James Dashner, and the last two parts are called The Scorch Trials and The Death Cure respectively. The plot and characters of the trilogy are consistent from beginning to end, and each trilogy has its own system. Once published, the novel won several American youth literature awards and sold well in the world. According to the fans who have read the original, The Moving Maze, which has been adapted into a movie, is basically loyal to the original, and the film’s box office quickly put the sequel on the agenda.

　　　 Then the question is coming. Since we are going to shoot a trilogy, it is particularly important to explain the world view of the whole story in the first part. However, the film’s ambition to fit all the characters in the original book into the film makes some important people too rough and abrupt. For example, Albini, the leader of forest land, died in a hurry after being injured twice; The villain Gally stiffly attempted to seize power and stiffly appeared at the exit of the maze; Chuck, a young boy, is a cheap sensational tool … … The result of trying to keep the whole picture of the original characters is a serious sense of plot rupture, and the above-mentioned people have already got the lunch in the first film. Obviously, the possibility of flashback in the sequel is not great, so I have to say that this adaptation is too sloppy and far-fetched.

The heroine who has no sense of existence (right) is accused of "recreating" Kristen Stewart (left)

The heroine of "chicken ribs": there is no bright spot in a vain shot.

　　　 After shailene woodley, the heroine, was accused of being a fake "big cousin" Jennifer Lawrence, kaya scodelario, the heroine of "Moving Labyrinth", was referred to as the "replica version" of Kristen Stewart. Strangely, this gloomy woman, who had played many roles in the controversial popular English drama Skin, was in such an awkward position in the Moving Maze — — When Teresa, played by Ka Ya, was sent up by the elevator, the note in his hand was written in black and white "She’ S the last one ever "(she was the last one), which made people think that it would be a role that played an important role in promoting the plot. As a result, she didn’t have anything to do until the end of the film, which could not help but make the audience cry.

　　　 Another big point about Teresa is that most of the woodland residents in the film are young men between the ages of eleven and seventeen (they are hot-blooded and peak-like). Many people haven’t seen girls for two or three years, but they are so calm in the face of this beautiful young Teresa. The serious unreasonable plot makes people wonder if the director wants to hide the "spark of love" in the sequel.

In order to make this monster, the special effects team went to a lot of trouble.

Alien monster "Grievers": more horrible and ferocious than the original.

　　　 The maze monster "Grievers" in the film (translated as Ghost Fire Beast and Confessor) is still a bright spot from the enthusiastic response of the audience after it was released in North America, although its appearance time is not much. This monster with a special-shaped face, a scorpion tail and slobbering everywhere consumes a lot of brain cells of the special effects team Method Studios. Sue Rowe, director of special effects, said that it took a lot of trouble to make "Grievers" not only reasonable in biological structure, but also conform to the laws of physical movement — — At first, the team specially made the skeleton system, then filled the muscles and added mechanical limbs, and finally made the characters more authentic through dynamic simulation.

　　　 However, although the horror index of "Grievers" in the film is not low, it has still been vomited by some "original parties" — — The "Grievers" in the original work is similar to a slug, and it moves in a rolling way. It can even be said that there is a little bit of "stupidity" in addition to ferocity and nausea. In the movie, the mechanical legs of "Grievers" with metal texture make it look more like a large agile spider.

The model in the movie is just a pile of drawings in the original work.

Maze walker’s "white lie": Asian actors no longer play soy sauce

　　　 The literal translation of the film title "The Maze Runner" should be "Labyrinthine Walker". This seemingly puzzling setting is the core of the film "Moving Maze". The "maze walker" in the film is composed of a large group of woodland members. Their duty is to enter the maze every day to explore the terrain and draw their findings into a map. The "Walker" base in the original work is full of hand-drawn maps accumulated day by day. In the movie, it is treated as a huge maze model. Migneau, the eldest brother of the "walkers", has already memorized every Minho of land and every change cycle of the maze. He enters the maze on time every day and pretends to explore the terrain just to keep everyone hopeful of escaping from the maze.

　　　 It is worth mentioning that in this standard American blockbuster, Asian actors are finally no longer just walk-on roles. Migneau is played by Asian actor Ki Hong Lee. "What? Ki Hong Lee? I only know Li Hongji "… … Ok, forgive you — — Compared with the famous Li Hongji, Ki Hong Lee, also from South Korea, is really unknown. Ki Hong Lee has played some unforgettable small roles in many American TV series (2009, 2010, 2011 and The Witch’s Nine Lives), and these series have little influence. Although the role of Migneau was played in many scenes, it was unfortunate that Li Hongji’s performance was accused by some fans of being too immature.

Conclusion:

　　　 It is said that the sequel will be filmed at the end of October this year and will be released on September 18, 2015. As far as the concept map exposed at present is concerned, the handwriting of the sequel will not be small, and even aidan gillen, who plays "Little Finger" in the sequel, will join in with all his strength. However, according to the reaction of the original readers, the trend of the second character is even more complicated and has a stronger sense of "overhead", which is common in juvenile literature. How to balance the fluency of film works and the integrity of literary works will obviously be the primary problem that the sequel director will face.

　Every sacrifice is immortal ―― On Urumqi’s "1? 2 "Fire Fighting Hero"

　　　 This is the banner of "Heroes Go All the Way" by Urumqi citizens (photo taken on January 7). On January 7, in Urumqi, Xinjiang, "1? 2 "The memorial service for three fire officers and soldiers who died in the fire in Dehui International Plaza was held in Urumqi, and the relatives of three martyrs and nearly 10,000 people from all walks of life in Xinjiang attended the memorial service. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhao Geshe　
　　　

　　　 Xinhuanet Urumqi, January 8 th (Reporter Yan Huang, Gao Fan)At the beginning of the new year in 2008, a raging fire that raged for more than 60 hours swept away the New Year atmosphere in the north and south of Tianshan Mountain. In the process of putting out this fire, three names will live forever in the fire.

　　　 "Assembly" blew and rushed into the sea of fire.

　　　 At 20 o’clock on the evening of January 2, an emergency fire alarm interrupted the New Year meeting of the First Squadron of Urumqi Fire Brigade. The 33 soldiers of the whole team set off in an instant and rushed to the scene of the fire.

　　　 That night, Zhu Xiaolei, the deputy squadron leader who was on vacation at home, learned of the fire, bid farewell to his parents at home and went straight to the fire. The on-site command center quickly dispatched Zhu Xiaolei, Zhang Yu and Gao Feng to form a rescue commando. At the last moment of rushing into the fire, Zhu Xiaolei did not forget to call his father: "Dad, I signed up for the death squad … I rushed in!" "

　　　 At 22: 20 that night, three people successfully rescued three trapped people from the building. When informed by the headquarters that there were still trapped people in the building, the three men rushed into the building completely covered by black smoke, high temperature and toxic gas for the fourth time.

　　　 The visibility in the building was less than 50 cm, and the three people lost their way. The on-site commander immediately organized rescue after receiving Zhu Xiaolei’s distress signal, but when his comrades found Zhu Xiaolei and Zhang Yu on the sixth floor, they were already unconscious on the ground.

　　　 "Zhu Xiaolei was panting at the time, but he could only exhale and could not inhale. I slapped Zhang Yu’s face to stimulate him to regain consciousness, but he never responded. " Wang Li, a rescuer, said with a trembling voice.

　　　 After Zhu Xiaolei and Zhang Yu were carried out of the building, the passage of the building was completely blocked by fireworks in an instant. In order to avoid more casualties, the on-site command center decided to stop the search and rescue peak.

　　　 When Zhu Xiaolei and Zhang Yu were sent to the ambulance, the comrades wiped their tears with dark hands and put their heads on the window, because they knew in their hearts that this look was probably a farewell.

　　　 On the morning of the 4th, Xinjiang Fire Corps announced that Zhu Xiaolei, the deputy squadron leader of Special Service No.1 Squadron, and Zhang Yu, the trainee platoon leader, were all rescued by the medical department, and died heroically because of smoke poisoning. Gao Feng’s body was also found on the east side of the 6th floor at 14: 00 on the 4th.

　　　 The "post-80s" heroes moved tens of thousands of people in border towns to mourn spontaneously.

　　　 Zhu Xiaolei, Zhang Yu and Gao Feng, three fire-fighting heroes, were all born in the 1980s. Their feats shook the border town in winter. In the past few days, tens of thousands of people of all ethnic groups have spontaneously mourned the heroes of fire fighting.

　　　　On the morning of January 4, thousands of Urumqi citizens spontaneously came to the mourning hall set up in the Second Squadron of the Special Service of the Municipal Fire Brigade to pay their respects at "1? 3 heroes who died in the fire. The mourning hall has been filled with wreaths, and civil servants, taxi drivers, personnel from enterprises and institutions, and affected merchants from Dehui International Plaza have come from Urumqi and nearby cities to mourn the firefighting hero.

　　　 On the morning of the 7th, the cold wind blew in Urumqi, and painful sorrows resounded through the border town. Tens of thousands of people from all ethnic groups gathered in Yanerwo funeral home in Urumqi to bid farewell to the heroes. The main streets of Urumqi, such as Guangming Road and Xinhua Road, are full of sadness and music. Hundreds of cars are wearing white flowers and carrying wreaths and slowly heading for Yanerwo funeral home in the southern suburbs. On both sides of the street, the mourners watched in tears.

　　　 On the square outside Yan ‘erwo Funeral Parlour, the warning lights of fire engines kept flashing, and private cars and taxis of all sizes turned on their lights. Tens of thousands of people stood neatly in the open space of the square, holding up the words "Heroes have a good trip!" "The loveliest people are you!" Waiting for the banner of the eulogy.

　　　 Alamuti, an old man who runs a baking cake shop, wiped his tears and said, "I saw the hearse pass in front of my shop, so I closed the door and rode over." If nothing else, I just want to see the three heroes’ Balangzi’. " After donating 100 yuan to the families of the martyrs, a poorly dressed car mechanic said, "I don’t know what to say. When the heroes are gone, I just want to donate some money to their families to express my heart."

　　　 In Baidu Post Bar, netizens initiated "Let the hero’s spirit be with Tianshan Mountain, and let the hero’s spirit live with the desert forever!" The network martyr memorial service. The spirit of martyrs is spreading, and the love of the people is passing on. People from all walks of life not only spontaneously mourn the martyrs who died, but also donate money and materials to the families of martyrs through various channels. At the memorial service on the 4th and 7th, nearly 10,000 people, including the affected merchants in Dehui International Plaza, donated money to the families of martyrs in various ways.

　　　 Hero, did not leave.

　　　 On the morning of January 3, the fire in Dehui International Plaza in Urumqi was still spreading. Although after more than 10 hours of fighting, the fire in the wholesale market of Lutehui International Plaza in Qiantang River in Urumqi is still spreading, and some floors of Dehui Hotel connected to it have also started to catch fire, and all the people in the hotel have been evacuated safely. At 20 o’clock on the evening of January 2, a fire broke out in Dehui International Plaza in Urumqi. At present, the fire continues to spread, and firefighters at the scene are still struggling to rescue. Xinhua News Agency reporter Faye Wong photo

　　　 On January 5, the first squadron of the special service to which the three martyrs belonged lost their usual atmosphere, and the soldiers all looked dignified. Speaking of the sacrificed comrades, instructor Jiang Shaojie choked several times, and Zheng Jie, a little soldier who just turned 18, burst into tears.

　　　 In the dormitory of three martyrs, their quilts were folded like tofu as usual. The comrades-in-arms pulled the flat sheets again and again. Wang Li, who had been regretting that he could not save the peak, touched the cotton cap of the peak and was silent.

　　　 "Brother is gone, I’ll take the top!" Zhang Shuai, Zhangyu’s younger brother, learned that his brother died in the fire fighting, and vowed with tears to carry on his brother’s legacy and become a fire fighter.

　　　 Lan Can, a political commissar, still clearly remembers Zhu Xiaolei’s meeting on the day he came home from vacation. "I told him to find a daughter-in-law quickly and stop dangling in front of me. He said,’ I will definitely finish the task for you in 2008!’ "Lancan suddenly hid his face and wept:" Did I say something wrong? Tell him to stop dangling … "

　　　 Like the three martyrs, most of the fire officers and soldiers of the first squadron of the Secret Service have no girlfriends. "Can’t, we basically don’t go out, always on standby. Besides, which girl wants to associate with a man who lives and dies almost every day. " A soldier said.

　　　 The dead are gone, and the living still have a long way to go. Wang Li said: "They are lying down, and we will continue to work. Our task has not been completed."

　　　 After saying his word, a shrill alarm suddenly sounded, and Wang Li bounced off the stool like a reflex and rushed out of the door, but the reporters who had not recovered looked at each other. In an instant, the fire truck has rushed out of the gate.

Editor: Feng Ye

　　Huaxi Dushi Bao reporter Li Xiujiang

　　Photography Zhang Lei Someone asked our company to call your number for three months in a row. If you need to cancel it for a fee, please contact the staff and send a red envelope on WeChat … …

　　At noon on August 11th, Master Huang, who was running a taxi in Jiuzhaigou, suddenly received such a short message. He thought it was a scam message and didn’t care. As a result, after half an hour, the sound of the mobile phone never stopped.

　　In the meantime, Master Huang, who was unbearable to be harassed, turned the 100 yuan WeChat red envelope according to the other party’s prompt. Unexpectedly, the mobile phone was quiet for only half an hour and started ringing off the hook, and the other party asked for 200 yuan again. Worried that it was a bottomless pit, as a last resort, Master Huang turned to the operator where the mobile phone number was located and the police for help, and the answer was that there was no way to completely solve the problem.

　　On the one hand, there is endless noise, and on the other hand, there is nothing the supervision can do. In fact, Master Huang’s experience is not a case. Enter the keyword "Call you to death" on the Internet, and there are at least hundreds of similar news reports. The ultimate solution for these victims can only rely on themselves — — Block all strange calls or simply turn it off.

　　Behind this dilemma, there is a hidden status quo: software such as "call you to death" can be downloaded at will on the Internet, and even specialized companies use this kind of software to make profits by helping people "call you to death".

　　A

　　event

　　The brother who received the text message asking for a red envelope ignored it and was entangled in "calling you to death"

　　Master Huang has been running a taxi in Jiuzhaigou for several years, and this is the first time he has encountered such a thing: at noon on the 11th, he just received a guest who wanted to go from Jiuzhaigou to Chengdu. Not long after the car drove, he received a short message from a mobile phone number with a display area of Changsha, Hunan: "Someone asked our company to call your number for three consecutive months. If you need to cancel it for a fee, please contact the staff and send a red envelope on WeChat … …” At the end of the message, there are two WeChat numbers attached.

　　Master Huang thought it was a scam message and didn’t care. Unexpectedly, half an hour later, strange numbers began to call in. Some are strange numbers from other places, while others are unknown. They all hang up after ringing one or two times. Call back, the phone is either unanswered or the number is empty.

　　Master Huang was not too entangled in this because he was in a hurry to drive away. However, on the way from Jiuzhaigou to Chengdu, his mobile phone never stopped, ringing every 2 minutes, and the frequency was very uniform.

　　After 6 o’clock that night, the unbearable Master Huang could only "beg for mercy". He added the other party’s micro-signal according to the SMS prompt. "Who are you? Why do you want to do this? " For Master Huang’s inquiry, the other party did not answer, only said that he would help 100 yuan cancel the call if he wanted a red envelope.

　　After some bargaining, Master Huang first gave the other party a 50 yuan WeChat red envelope, but I didn’t expect the other party to have no room for negotiation at all. In desperation, Master Huang had to turn to 50 yuan again.

　　I thought this problem would be solved, but after half an hour of silence, Master Huang’s cell phone started ringing again. This time, the other person opened his mouth to 200 yuan, and said that no bargaining was allowed, otherwise he would "call you to death" for three consecutive months.

　　In the face of help and alarm

　　Both operators and police feel "headache"

　　Worried that it is a bottomless pit, Master Huang dare not remit money easily. Unbearable, he chose to ask for help from the operator who provided telecommunications services. The staff said that they would give feedback to the technical department, handle it in the background and give a reply within 24 hours. But after 24 hours, Master Huang failed to wait for the other party’s reply.

　　The harassing phone call still didn’t stop. Master Huang contacted the operator again, and the other party told him that there was nothing they could do to harass multiple strange phone numbers or display unknown numbers. The staff suggested that he download some interception software to stop it.

　　But this can’t solve the problem at all. Huang Shi Fu Shuo drives a taxi himself, and there are often strange calls for him, so it’s even more impossible to turn it off. Can continuously harass the phone, so that he can’t drive normally to attract customers.

　　As a last resort, Master Huang chose to call the police. The local police told him that he had received many such reports and had to register first.

　　As of press time, the number of harassing calls on Master Huang’s mobile phone has reached hundreds, and it has not stopped, and the time has exceeded 48 hours.

　　B

　　statement

　　The means to prevent "calling you to death" harassment are limited and it is difficult to intercept it comprehensively.

　　In fact, Master Huang’s experience is not a case. In the past two years, there have been seven or eight readers who have reported similar situations to this newspaper. Enter the keyword "call you to death" on the Internet, and at least hundreds of similar news reports will be searched out. The reporter combed the local media reports and found that in the case of "calling you to death", almost all the answers the victims got from the operators were: the problem could not be completely solved.

　　Mr. Cheng, a technical developer of an information technology company in Chengdu High-tech Zone, told reporters that "calling you to death" is actually an arbitrary dialing software that keeps repeating numbers. In the set time, keep dialing the number of the callee, so that the callee’s phone is busy, and other numbers cannot be dialed until the phone is turned off. Mr. Cheng said, "The incoming number of this kind of software is constantly changing. At present, mobile phones and fixed telephones should be guarded against ‘ Call you to death ’ The software means are extremely limited and cannot be completely intercepted. "

　　Mr. Cheng said that coupled with its concealment and variability, it is difficult for relevant departments to track down the perpetrators.

　　Earlier, some media reported that some experts in information engineering said that in case of "calling you to death" bombing, you can download mobile phone interception software. General interception software can mark harassing calls through big data, which can identify harassing calls faster than manual work and shorten the call time, but it can’t fundamentally prevent incoming calls.

　　C

　　survey

　　"Call you to death" software can be downloaded up to one million times online.

　　Why are more and more users being harassed by "calling you to death"? The reporter launched an investigation.

　　Enter the keyword "Call you to death" on the Internet, and there are many related messages. What is even more unexpected is that this software can be downloaded at will on the Internet, and some of them are accompanied by detailed installation and use instructions.

　　The reporter randomly clicked on the download page of a computer website and found a software called "Fast Phone Call You 2.8". At the bottom of the download link, there is a software introduction: calling your software to death requires the support of networked computers, and you can call numbers such as mobile phones or fixed telephones continuously until the power supply of the other number is exhausted, or it is always busy, so that other lines can’t call in unless the user turns it off by himself. The software also claims to be "the ultimate software for managing small advertisements".

　　After the reporter downloads, he can set the information such as call frequency and duration in the setting column, enter the mobile phone number or fixed phone number at will, and click the "Start Call" button, and the other party’s mobile phone or fixed phone will be continuously bombed. Incredibly, the downloads of this kind of software are amazing. By 5 pm on August 13th, this software had been downloaded more than 30,000 times on this website. According to CCTV’s previous report, the download volume of a software that "calls you to death" is as high as 1.25 million times, and the "praise" is as high as tens of thousands.

　　Corresponding to the download volume, it is a miserable victim. According to Anhui Business Daily, Mr. Xing, a citizen of Hefei, didn’t care when he received a strange text message. He actually received 4003 non-calling numbers in one day, and was called once every 21.6 seconds on average!

　　"Call you to death" is clearly marked online, and only 50 yuan can call for 3 days.

　　In fact, "calling you to death" has already become a complete interest chain. On the Internet, online stores and businesses that provide "call you to death" services can be easily found, and some businesses even openly price their services.

　　The reporter found a WeChat WeChat official account selling such services on the Internet, and the price offered by the other party was not high — — You only need 50 yuan to call any number for 3 days, and 100 yuan for 5 days.

　　After several days of investigation, the reporter found that in addition to free downloads, there are also some websites that sell such software publicly. Enter the words "Call you to death" on the Internet at will, turn over a few pages, and click to enter a computer website, which clearly indicates the price of the purchased product. A set of "call you to death" software, from purchase to activation and upgrade, is all guided online. The price of this kind of software varies according to the length of use. For example, the January version of 100 yuan, the half-year version of 280 yuan, and the lifetime version cost more than 2,200 yuan.

　　D

　　Support

　　Stopping the service of non-real-name telephone or VoIP may solve the problem.

　　Previously, the staff of telecom operators said that it was difficult to intercept "calling you to death", and some information technology experts said that downloading mobile phone interception software could not fundamentally prevent incoming calls. So, how to solve this problem?

　　Lawyer Huang Lei of Beijing Anbo (Chengdu) Law Firm has some research on this kind of cases. He said that in fact, operators can make a difference, and it is not difficult for him to solve this problem. "Telecom operators should strictly implement the real-name registration system, stop the service of non-real-name telephones or networks, so that they can’t call in or call out, which can effectively prevent others from using non-real-name registration system telephones or networks to commit criminal acts." Huang Lei said that once the real-name registration system is strictly implemented, it will be much easier to investigate and deal with it. At the same time, Huang Lei suggested that the telecommunications authorities should strengthen technical research and restrict these network violations from ports.

　　Lawyer’s statement/

　　"Call you to death" operator suspected of extortion

　　The "call you to death" operator’s behavior of asking Master Huang to "give money to eliminate the disaster" through SMS threats has been suspected of extortion. Lawyer Huang Lei said, from texting to voice asking for a red envelope, it is obvious that the operator’s behavior belongs to telephone harassment and forced asking for a red envelope. According to the Criminal Law and other relevant laws and regulations, for the purpose of illegal possession, the victim is forced to ask for public or private property by threatening or threatening. If the amount is large or repeatedly extorted, it is suspected to constitute extortion. The harassed person can report the crime of extortion and be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

　　Some lawyers believe that the act of "calling you to death" for private use infringes on others’ right to freedom of communication. Although there is no clear regulation on the use of "calling you to death" software at present, according to Article 42 of the Law on Public Security Administration Punishment, "sending obscene, insulting, threatening or other information for many times to interfere with others’ normal life", if the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than five days and less than ten days, and may also be fined less than 500 yuan.

Text/Zhou Daoxu Director of Financial Security Research Center of Tsinghua University Wudaokou Finance College

Capital market is essentially an information market, and enterprise value is continuously priced in information interaction. When the crisis of public opinion occurs, the sudden change of information environment will trigger the market to re-evaluate the fundamentals of enterprises.

First, the financial transmission mechanism of public opinion shock

The surge in the cost of information verification is the primary transmission channel. When an enterprise is caught in a crisis of public opinion, the market will doubt the authenticity of its information disclosure, and investors need to invest additional resources for due diligence, including consulting financial statements, analyzing industry data, and referring to third-party audit opinions. This extra verification cost will reduce market liquidity and may lead some investors to choose to withdraw from the market because of information asymmetry. At the same time, institutional investors may adjust their investment portfolio to reduce the risk exposure related to the enterprise, thus triggering a further decline in the stock price.

In addition, the intensification of information asymmetry will lead to an increase in the market’s risk premium requirements for enterprises. When faced with information uncertainty, investors often demand higher risk compensation to make up for potential losses. The rise of this risk premium will not only be directly reflected in the decline of the company’s share price, but also affect the financing cost of the company, which will challenge its refinancing ability in the capital market. In extreme cases, enterprises may fall into a liquidity crisis due to the loss of market trust, and even go bankrupt and reorganize.

The dynamic adjustment of credit rating forms the second pressure. In the face of major public opinion crisis, rating agencies usually quickly adjust their credit ratings to reflect the latest market awareness of corporate credit status. However, the adjustment of rating agencies is often characterized by "over-revision", that is, a large downward adjustment in a short period of time to avoid their own reputation risks. This rating adjustment not only affects the debt financing cost of enterprises, but also may trigger a chain reaction in the bond market, leading to sharp fluctuations in bond prices.

The downgrade of credit rating may also trigger the "cross-default" clause in the financial market, that is, some loan or debt agreements of enterprises may stipulate that once the credit rating falls below a certain level, enterprises need to repay debts in advance or provide additional guarantees. This means that enterprises may face sudden cash flow pressure after the public opinion crisis, further aggravating the deterioration of their financial situation. This chain reaction will amplify the market’s concerns about the fundamentals of enterprises, and may even lead enterprises to enter debt restructuring or bankruptcy procedures.

Second, the empirical analysis of typical cases

In April 2020, Luckin Coffee’s self-disclosure of financial fraud caused widespread market panic, which spread to CAR Inc., which belongs to the "Shenzhou Family". Affected by the crisis of investor confidence, CAR Inc.’s share price plummeted by 17.11% on April 8th. The market’s doubts about CAR Inc. focus on the expansion model similar to that of Ruixing, the authenticity of financial data and the joint liability of the major shareholder Lu Zhengyao. At the same time, international rating agencies Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s quickly downgraded CAR Inc.’s credit rating, which further aggravated investors’ panic. This incident shows that in the capital market, the financial transparency and governance structure of enterprises are very important. Once the trust crisis breaks out, it will not only increase the cost of information verification, but also trigger a series of chain reactions such as stock price crash, financing difficulties and credit rating downgrade.

Third, the impact of public opinion risk on different financing channels

1. Bond market

In the bond market, the impact of public opinion risk on credit bonds is particularly significant. For bond investors, the credit status of enterprises is one of the key factors in their decision-making. Negative public opinion events may cause investors to worry about the solvency of enterprises, which in turn will lead to the decline of bond prices and the expansion of credit spreads. For example, after the public opinion of financial fraud or poor management of some enterprises spreads, the credit rating of their bonds may be lowered, which will not only increase the financing cost of enterprises, but also make it more difficult to issue bonds. In addition, public opinion events may also trigger a chain reaction in the bond market, affecting the performance of credit bonds in the whole industry, and even impacting the stability of the bond market.

2. Equity market

In the equity market, public opinion risk will also have a significant impact on the stock price and equity financing cost of enterprises. Investors’ confidence in the enterprise is an important support for the stock price, and negative public opinion may weaken investors’ confidence and lead to a decline in the stock price. At the same time, the cost of equity financing will also rise due to the reassessment of corporate risks by the market. For example, when an enterprise faces public opinion events such as product quality problems or management scandals, investors may demand higher rate of return to compensate for risks, which will directly lead to an increase in the cost of equity financing. In addition, public opinion events may also affect the refinancing ability of enterprises, and may even cause enterprises to lose financing opportunities in the capital market.

3. Bank credit market

Bank credit market is one of the important financing channels for enterprises, and public opinion risk will also have an impact on bank credit. When deciding whether to provide loans to enterprises, banks will comprehensively consider the credit status, operating conditions and market reputation of enterprises. Negative public opinion events may make banks doubt the credit status of enterprises, thus raising the loan interest rate, increasing the collateral requirements or shortening the loan period. For example, when a company has a major negative public opinion, the bank may reassess the loan risk of the company and adopt a more cautious credit policy. This will not only increase the financing cost of enterprises, but also limit the liquidity of enterprises and affect the normal operation of enterprises.

Fourth, the relationship between public opinion risk and corporate governance structure

1. The role of the board of directors

The board of directors of enterprises plays a key role in dealing with the risk of public opinion. An effective board of directors can find and deal with public opinion risks in time and protect the interests and reputation of enterprises. For example, the board of directors can strengthen the supervision of enterprise operation and management by establishing a sound internal supervision mechanism, and discover potential public opinion risk factors in time. In addition, the board of directors can also communicate with investors, the media and the public to convey the positive information of the enterprise and alleviate the impact of the public opinion crisis on the enterprise.

2. Responsibility of management

Management also bears an important responsibility in public opinion risk management. The management needs to report the operating conditions and potential risks of the enterprise to the board of directors in time to ensure that the board of directors can fully understand the public opinion risk of the enterprise. At the same time, the management also needs to formulate and implement effective public opinion management strategies, strengthen the management and control of internal information of enterprises, and prevent the leakage of negative information. In addition, the management also needs to maintain good communication with external stakeholders, respond to market concerns in a timely manner, and maintain the good image of the enterprise. For example, when a public opinion crisis occurs, the management can clarify the truth by releasing accurate information in time, stabilize market expectations, and reduce the impact of public opinion risks on enterprises.

3. The role of internal audit

Internal audit also plays an important role in public opinion risk management. Internal audit can find out the potential risk factors of public opinion through auditing the internal financial and operational activities of the enterprise and report to the management and the board of directors in time. For example, internal audit can audit the authenticity, completeness and accuracy of enterprise financial statements to prevent negative public opinion events such as financial fraud. At the same time, internal audit can also evaluate the effectiveness of the internal control system of enterprises, put forward suggestions for improvement, and enhance the ability of enterprises to resist the risk of public opinion. In addition, internal audit can also participate in the formulation and implementation of enterprise crisis response plans to ensure that enterprises can quickly take effective response measures when public opinion crisis occurs.

V. Interaction between public opinion risk and macroeconomic environment

1. The impact of the economic cycle

The economic cycle has an important influence on the formation and spread of public opinion risk. In the period of economic prosperity, enterprises are in good operating condition, market confidence is high, and the risk of public opinion is relatively low. However, during the economic recession, enterprises are faced with great operating pressure and are prone to various problems, such as financial difficulties and layoffs, which may lead to negative public opinion. At the same time, during the economic recession, some enterprises suffered losses or closed down due to poor management. These negative events caused public concern about the operating conditions of enterprises in the same industry through media reports and network communication, which further aggravated the public opinion risk of the remaining enterprises in the industry. In addition, the change of economic cycle will also affect investors’ risk preference and market confidence, and then affect the impact of public opinion risk on corporate financing costs.

2. The impact of the policy environment

The policy environment also has an important impact on the risk of public opinion. The government’s policy adjustment and regulatory measures may lead to the public opinion risk of enterprises. For example, the strengthening of the government’s environmental protection policy for enterprises may make some highly polluting enterprises face greater operational pressure, which may lead to negative public opinion.

3. The influence of market confidence

Market confidence plays a key role in the interaction between public opinion risk and macroeconomic environment. When the market confidence is insufficient, negative public opinion events may be amplified, which will have a greater impact on the financing cost and market performance of enterprises. For example, in the period of economic instability or market volatility, investors’ confidence in enterprises is relatively fragile, and any negative public opinion may lead to panic selling or financing difficulties. On the contrary, in the case of sufficient market confidence, even if there are some negative public opinions, investors may treat them more rationally and will not easily overreact to enterprises. Therefore, enterprises need to pay close attention to the changes of market confidence and adopt corresponding strategies in public opinion management to reduce the impact of public opinion risk on enterprises.

Sixth, the industry differences of public opinion risk

1. Public opinion sensitivity of different industries

There are significant differences in the sensitivity of different industries to public opinion risk. Some industries are more sensitive to the risk of public opinion because of their business nature and high social concern. For example, in the financial industry, food industry and medical industry, once negative public opinion appears in enterprises in these industries, it may quickly arouse public concern and doubt, which will have a significant impact on the financing cost and market performance of enterprises. Taking the financial industry as an example, the credibility of banks and financial institutions is the key to their survival and development. Any public opinion about financial fraud, poor risk management or poor management may trigger market panic, leading to a sharp drop in stock prices and a sharp rise in financing costs.

2. Transmission mechanism of industry public opinion risk

The risk transmission mechanism of public opinion in different industries is also different. In some industries that are highly dependent on market confidence and public image, such as tourism, hotels and aviation, negative public opinion may directly affect the income and cash flow of enterprises through changes in consumer behavior. For example, when there are security problems or negative public opinions in tourist destinations, consumers may choose other destinations, which will lead to a sharp drop in the income of local tourism enterprises, thus affecting their financing ability and financing cost. In some technology-intensive industries, such as science and technology and Internet industry, public opinion risk may be transmitted by affecting the technological innovation ability and market competitiveness of enterprises. For example, when technology leakage or public opinion of product quality problems occur in technology enterprises, it may lead to their disadvantage in market competition, and then affect their financing environment and financing cost.

VII. Future development trend of public opinion risk

1. The challenge of public opinion risk in the digital age

With the rapid development of digital technology, the spread speed and influence of public opinion risk will be further enhanced. The popularity of social media, network platform and mobile Internet makes information spread more rapidly and widely, and public opinion events can trigger global attention and discussion in a short time. For example, some companies’ inappropriate comments or behaviors posted on social media may quickly trigger public doubts and criticisms, which in turn will affect the financing costs and market performance of enterprises. Therefore, in the digital age, enterprises need to pay more attention to public opinion management, establish a sound public opinion monitoring and early warning mechanism, and timely discover and deal with public opinion risks.

2. The combination of artificial intelligence and public opinion management

The development of artificial intelligence technology provides new means and methods for public opinion management. Through artificial intelligence technology, enterprises can realize real-time monitoring and analysis of massive public opinion data and quickly identify potential public opinion risks. For example, using natural language processing technology, enterprises can analyze the emotion and identify the theme of text data on social media, and find the signs of negative public opinion in time. At the same time, artificial intelligence technology can also help enterprises formulate more accurate public opinion coping strategies, analyze and predict historical public opinion events through machine learning algorithms, and provide decision support for enterprises. For example, some enterprises have developed a public opinion early warning model by using artificial intelligence technology, which can predict the occurrence probability and influence degree of public opinion risk in advance, provide early warning information for enterprises, and help enterprises prepare in advance.

3. Long-term management of public opinion risk

The management of public opinion risk needs to pay attention not only to short-term crisis response, but also to long-term reputation building and risk prevention. Enterprises need to establish a good brand image and social image through continuous reputation management, and enhance public trust and recognition of enterprises. For example, enterprises can enhance their social reputation and public image by actively fulfilling their social responsibilities and strengthening communication and cooperation with stakeholders. At the same time, enterprises need to establish a sound risk management system, incorporate public opinion risk into the overall risk management framework of enterprises, and reduce the impact of public opinion risk on enterprises through institutionalized, standardized and normalized management measures. For example, enterprises can conduct public opinion risk assessment regularly, formulate public opinion management strategies and plans, and establish public opinion response teams and working mechanisms to ensure that they can respond quickly and effectively when public opinion crises occur.

In a word, public opinion risk has become one of the important factors affecting the financing cost of enterprises. Through in-depth analysis of the pricing mechanism, transmission mechanism and management strategy of public opinion risk, enterprises can better cope with public opinion crisis, reduce financing costs and enhance their market competitiveness. In the digital age, the spread speed and influence of public opinion risk will be further enhanced. Enterprises need to pay more attention to public opinion management, establish a sound public opinion early warning and response mechanism, and use new technical means such as artificial intelligence to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public opinion management. At the same time, enterprises need to pay attention to long-term reputation building and risk prevention, and enhance their anti-risk ability and market competitiveness through continuous efforts. Future research needs to further quantify the elasticity coefficient of public opinion risk in different industries, provide more scientific theoretical support for accurate risk management of enterprises, and promote the scientific, standardized and professional development of public opinion management of enterprises.

This article is published by Tsinghua University Institute of Financial Science and Technology, a columnist of Weiyang.com, and the content belongs to the author’s personal opinion, not the website’s. It is forbidden to reprint it without permission, and offenders will be prosecuted!