Promoting the Modernization of Natural Disaster Prevention and Control System and Ability —— Detailed explanation of the National Comprehensive Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Plan in the Tenth Fiv

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 21stTitle:Promoting the Modernization of Natural Disaster Prevention and Control System and Ability —— Detailed explanation of the National Comprehensive Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Plan in the Tenth Five-Year Plan

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Xiacun

　　Recently, the National Disaster Reduction Committee issued the National Comprehensive Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Plan for the 14th Five-Year Plan. This is the fourth comprehensive plan for disaster prevention and reduction at the national level in China. From what aspects will China’s disaster prevention and mitigation work be exerted? What kind of goals are achieved? At the press conference held by the Office of the National Disaster Reduction Committee and the Emergency Management Department on the 21st, the responsible persons of relevant departments made an interpretation.

　　Strive to basically realize the modernization of natural disaster prevention and control system and prevention and control capacity by 2035.

　　Regarding the planning objectives, Chen Sheng, director of the Monitoring and Disaster Reduction Department of the Emergency Management Department, introduced that from the first stage to 2025, a natural disaster prevention and control system with overall planning and efficiency, clear responsibilities, combination of prevention and control, social participation and coordination with high-quality economic and social development will be basically established; In the second stage, we will strive to basically modernize the natural disaster prevention and control system and prevention and control capacity by 2035, and the prevention and response to major disasters will be more powerful, orderly and effective.

On May 12, 2022, Xiangshan District, Huaibei City, Anhui Province held a comprehensive disaster reduction emergency drill. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Wan Shanchao)

　　"Under the overall goal, the plan has defined 6 sub-goals and 12 major tasks in 2 major sectors." Chen Sheng said, on the one hand, we should strengthen the standardization construction, revise and improve the laws and regulations on disaster prevention and mitigation, establish and improve the investigation and evaluation system for major and extraordinary disasters, and improve all kinds of emergency plans and standards and norms in various fields; on the other hand, we should strengthen the mechanism construction, establish and improve the comprehensive coordination mechanism for natural disaster prevention and control, and improve the work pattern of joint management and coordination.

　　Second, focus on disaster risk reduction, highlight source control, incorporate disaster risk assessment into the requirements of national spatial planning, build a national comprehensive risk database for natural disasters, and prepare a comprehensive risk map and a prevention and control zoning map to minimize disaster risks.

　　Third, focus on efficient disaster relief, add a central disaster relief material reserve, improve the disaster emergency response mechanism and various rescue policies, and strengthen the linkage between early warning and emergency response.

　　Fourth, focus on consolidating the foundation of disaster prevention and mitigation, deploy major projects to build scientific and technological support capacity for disaster prevention and mitigation, encourage the development of disaster prevention and mitigation industries, consolidate the grass-roots organization system for disaster prevention and mitigation, and extensively carry out popular science education on disaster prevention and mitigation. Every village (community) in urban and rural areas throughout the country has at least one disaster information officer.

　　Release earthquake warning information within 10 seconds after catastrophic earthquakes in key areas.

　　Zhou Weixin, deputy director of the Planning and Finance Department of the Seismological Bureau of China, said that the earthquake prevention and disaster reduction work during the 14th Five-Year Plan period will further consolidate the monitoring foundation, strengthen forecasting and early warning, find out the risk base, strengthen seismic fortification, ensure emergency response, enhance public services, innovate seismic technology and promote modernization.

　　First, strengthen the capacity building of earthquake monitoring, forecasting and early warning. Accelerate the construction of earthquake monitoring network, and release earthquake early warning information within 10 seconds after catastrophic earthquakes occur in key areas. Strive to make short-term and imminent earthquake prediction with effective disaster reduction.

　　The second is to strengthen the capacity building of earthquake disaster risk prevention and control. Accelerate the evaluation of seismic exploration zoning, complete the investigation of key hidden dangers of earthquake disasters in earthquake-prone areas nationwide, and compile the sixth-generation seismic zoning map. Accelerate the strengthening and reconstruction of houses in earthquake-prone areas and improve the seismic fortification capacity of buildings.

　　The third is to strengthen the capacity building of earthquake emergency rescue. Provide automatic and rapid evaluation opinions on earthquake disasters within 15 minutes after the earthquake, provide rapid evaluation results of earthquake disasters within 40 minutes, and provide opinions on earthquake trend judgment within 60 minutes, which provides support for efficient and orderly earthquake rescue tasks.

　　On May 11th, 2022, children of Lvyuan Sunshine Kindergarten in Nanming District of Guiyang City learned the skills of disaster prevention, mitigation and self-help under the guidance of firefighters. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Zhao Song)

　　China is one of the countries with the most serious meteorological disasters in the world. Deng Shizhong, deputy director of the Emergency Disaster Reduction and Public Service Department of China Meteorological Bureau, said that a meteorological disaster risk prediction and early warning service system should be established by disaster types, regions and industries, and meteorological disaster impact prediction and risk early warning services should be developed. Strengthen comprehensive disaster reduction, promote the meteorological service guarantee of the whole chain of natural disaster prevention, resistance and rescue, improve the linkage mechanism and progressive early warning service mechanism with meteorological disaster warning as the guide, and build the first line of defense for disaster prevention and mitigation.

　　Within 10 hours of the disaster, the basic livelihood of the affected people was effectively rescued.

　　Lai Hongzhou, deputy director of the Disaster Relief Department of the Emergency Management Department, introduced that the plan clearly stated that disaster relief should be more powerful and efficient during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period, and the basic livelihood of the affected people was effectively rescued within 10 hours of the disaster. He said that the National Disaster Reduction Committee and the Emergency Management Department will focus on the planning objectives, and further strengthen the capacity building of disaster relief from the aspects of detailed resettlement and assistance for the masses, ensuring the supply of disaster relief materials, and doing a good job in departmental emergency linkage.

　　Lai Hongzhou also introduced that at present, China has built a five-level disaster information officer system at the provincial, city, county, township and village levels, with a total of more than 1 million people, most of whom are part-time cadres at the grassroots level, covering all urban and rural communities in the country, and disaster-prone areas are also equipped with A and B corners. Disaster information officers at all levels are mainly responsible for reporting disaster statistics, and at the same time take into account the tasks of early warning information transmission, disaster hidden danger investigation, dangerous information reporting, etc., and assist in the emergency relocation and life assistance of the affected people.

　　Lai Hongzhou said that the main purpose of building this team is to build a nationwide disaster information statistical reporting network to ensure that people at the grassroots level report disasters, will report disasters, and report them accurately and quickly. Every disaster information officer plays the role of "nerve endings". In case of emergency, he can timely transmit disaster information to the "brain center", providing important information support for the decision-making of party committees and governments at all levels in emergency rescue and disaster relief, and minimizing the loss of people’s lives and property.

(Editor: Luan Fei)