See how the ancient Chinese epidemic prevention.
The wise ancients knew and dealt with the plague.
Yin and Shang dynasties We have been able to see the early records of the epidemic and the measures taken to avoid it. Perfect sewers have also been excavated in Yin Ruins, indicating that the city has public health facilities, which is conducive to reducing the occurrence of epidemics.
The picture shows the word "service" (epidemic) in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, which shows that Chinese has known the knowledge about epidemic for a long time. (information photo)
Zhou royal family Ceremonies to expel the plague were held regularly, and officials responsible for handling the epidemic were also set up. The Classic of Mountains and Seas contains seven kinds of drugs for treating plague, such as smoked grass.
After Qin and Han dynasties Traditional Chinese medicine tends to be mature, and Huangdi Neijing has a complete idea of disease prevention and treatment. It is suggested that people should strengthen prevention before the onset, or treat it as early as possible in the early stage of the onset and prevent recurrence after treatment.
Other TCM classics, such as Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Shennong Herbal Classic, provide dialectical prescriptions and drug knowledge for preventing and treating diseases.
Progressive ideas and means of prevention and control
Sui dynasty People realize that infectious diseases are caused by "surly qi" and have their own special causes.
Ming dynasty Wu Youke pointedly pointed out that "Qi is the thing, and the thing is the gas", and the cause may be some invisible substance, which is very close to the hypothesis of microbial etiology.
In terms of prevention, Hua Tuo proposed to use Tu Su wine, Ge Hong proposed to use Laojun Shenming powder, and later someone proposed to take Huoxiang Zhengqi powder.Tang and song dynasties Aromatherapy was widely used to prevent diseases, and burning Atractylodes lancea was popular in Ming Dynasty to purify the air.
Mid-Ming dynasty Vaccination against smallpox appeared among the people. Later, some foreign envoys came to study and brought this technology back to Europe. On this basis, the British medical scientist Jenner invented vaccinia vaccination, which laid the foundation for the final elimination of smallpox, a severe infectious disease in the world.
The picture shows the Han Dynasty mural "Hometown Nuo Map" of Wushi Temple in Jiaxiang, Shandong Province, which reflects the concept of expelling poisonous insects and avoiding epidemics in the Han Dynasty.
as far back asJin dynasty Institutionalized epidemic prevention measures have been formed. The government stipulates that courtiers who have patients and infected more than three people are not allowed to enter the palace for 100 days, although they are not sick.
Song dynasty Pay attention to the disposal and cremation of the bodies of the infected dead as soon as possible.
Qing dynasty There is a "pox shelter" in the court to isolate people infected with smallpox, and it is stipulated that relatives can visit after nine days of isolation.
A benevolent doctor in the epidemic
Epidemic prevention and treatment are inseparable from doctors. In ancient China, a group of great doctors stood up in the great epidemic and left valuable spiritual wealth and treatment experience for future generations.
During the Song Dynasty, there were many epidemics, and the government often sent medical officers to local areas to distribute drug relief. Li Tang’s Map of Village Doctors in Song Dynasty vividly depicts the situation of doctors treating patients. (information photo)
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the plague raged. Famous doctor Zhang Zhongjing The clan originally had more than 200 people, and two-thirds of them died in 10 years. In his grief, he wrote Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases, which became a model of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment. He emphasized that doctors should have the spirit of "helping the relatives from the top and saving the poor from the bottom", and carried out the rigorous attitude of "assiduously seeking the ancient teachings and learning from others" in research medicine, which was called by the later Buddha."medical sage".
Sun Simiao, a famous doctor in Tang Dynasty More than 600 leprosy patients with chronic infectious diseases who were discriminated by society were treated, and doctors were required to "not look ahead and look back, think about good or bad, and protect their lives" when treating patients, which established the medical ethics norms of traditional Chinese medicine, and their medical ethics were deeply admired by later generations."drug king" Known as.
Wu Youke’s Treatise on Epidemic Fever in Ming Dynasty is the first monograph on plague in China. (information photo)
In 1232, a great epidemic broke out in the capital of song dynasty, killing more than 900 thousand people. At that time, famous doctorsLi Gao The "Puji Disinfection Drink" was created, which was very popular, and people carved the prescription on stone tablets to spread it. His studentsLuo tianyi He also became a famous doctor who was good at saving the epidemic, and treated many officers and men infected with the epidemic in the Yuan Dynasty.
Many famous prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine that are still in use today are summarized by famous doctors in actual combat. Such as Wu Youke’s Dayuan Drink, Yinqiao Powder from Ye Tianshi and Wu Jutong, Yu Shiyu’s Qingwen Baidu Drink, Yang Lishan’s Shengjiang Powder and Wang Qingren’s Jiedu Huoxue Decoction.
In the face of various plagues, groups of benevolent doctors in ancient China did not shrink back, did not avoid difficulties and dangers, and repeatedly studied the treatment in practice, and gained very valuable experience, which saved countless lives and made great contributions to the epidemic prevention and anti-epidemic in ancient society.